Journal of Bioethical Inquiry最新文献

By Their Side, Not on Their Chest: Ethical Arguments to Allow Residential Aged Care Admission Policies to Forego Full Cardiac Resuscitation.

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-024-10401-8

J P Winters, E Hutchinson

{"title":"By Their Side, Not on Their Chest: Ethical Arguments to Allow Residential Aged Care Admission Policies to Forego Full Cardiac Resuscitation.","authors":"J P Winters, E Hutchinson","doi":"10.1007/s11673-024-10401-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-024-10401-8","url":null,"abstract":"We argue that Aged Residential Care (ARC) facilities should be allowed to create and adopt an informed \"No Chest Compression\" (NCC) policy. Potential residents are informed before admission that staff will not provide chest compressions to a pulseless resident. All residents would receive standard choking care, and a fully discussed advance directive would be utilized to determine if the resident wanted a one-minute trial of rescue breaths (to clear their airway) or utilization of the automatic defibrillator in case of arrest. The benefits of chest compressions for residents in ARC are dubious, and the burdens are high. For frail elderly people without a pulse, chest compressions are arguably unethical because the chance of benefit is minuscule, the procedure is violent, painful, and challenging to perform correctly, and procedures detract from a peaceful end of life. These burdens fall on residents, their families, ARC facilities providers, and society. We further argue that limitations on universal invasive resuscitation, such as advance directives, need to be more consistently sought and applied. The goals of an informed NCC policy are twofold: removing added suffering from a person's end-of-life experience and increasing ARC residents' understanding of the burdens of ineffective treatments for pulselessness.","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ethics that Fails to Regulate War, Ethics that Enhances War. 不能规范战争的道德，增强战争的道德。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-024-10395-3

Alphonso Lingis, Paul Komesaroff

引用次数: 0

Proposal for a UN Peace and Development Fund: A Possible Pathway for Political and Ethical Renewal in the Modern World. 联合国和平与发展基金的建议：现代世界政治和伦理复兴的可能途径。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-024-10367-7

Jeffrey D Sachs, Paul Komesaroff

引用次数: 0

Temporal Aspects of Epistemic Injustice: The Case of Patients with Drug Dependence. 认知不公正的时间方面：药物依赖患者的案例。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-024-10404-5

Sergei Shevchenko, Alexey Zhavoronkov

{"title":"Temporal Aspects of Epistemic Injustice: The Case of Patients with Drug Dependence.","authors":"Sergei Shevchenko, Alexey Zhavoronkov","doi":"10.1007/s11673-024-10404-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-024-10404-5","url":null,"abstract":"Scholars usually distinguish between testimonial and hermeneutical epistemic injustice in healthcare. The former arises from negative stereotyping and stigmatization, while the latter occurs when the hermeneutical resources of the dominant community are inadequate for articulating the experience of one's illness. However, the heuristics provided by these two types of epistemic predicaments tend to overlook salient forms of epistemic injustice. In this paper, we prove this argument on the example of the temporality of patients with drug dependence. We identify three temporal dimensions of epistemic injustice affecting drug-dependent patients: the temporal features of their cognitive processes, their individual temporal experience, and the mismatch of social temporality. Notably, the last aspect, which highlights the disparity between the availability of care and its accessibility, does not fit neatly into the categories of testimonial or hermeneutical injustice. (We should note that the International Network of People Who Use Drugs (INPUD) and The Asian Network of People who use Drugs (ANPUD) consider the term \"drug addiction\" to be associated with disempowerment and negative stereotyping. Instead, they suggest the expression \"drug dependence\" (INPUD 2020). However, the concept of \"drug addiction\" is still being used in the current public health, philosophy, and sociology debates that concern the specific field of addiction studies. Replacing the notion of drug addiction with \"drug dependence\" would not eliminate existing epistemic injustices or allow us to avoid creating new ones, such as those related to ignoring pain claims (O'Brien 2011). Still, for the sake of clarity we will use the notion \"drug dependence\" when speaking of people while retaining the term \"drug addiction\" for labelling healthcare practices and the topic for philosophy of healthcare.).","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Religion Welcome Here: A Pluriversal Approach to Religion and Global Bioethics. 欢迎宗教来到这里：宗教与全球生命伦理的多元方法。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-024-10410-7

N S Jecker, C A Atuire, V Ravitsky, M Ghaly, V Vaswani, T C Voo

引用次数: 0

Towards an Ethical Analysis of Research in One Health (EAROH). 实现统一健康研究伦理分析 (EAROH)。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-024-10406-3

Zohar Lederman

引用次数: 0

An Analysis of Australia's Legal Framework for Access to More Affordable but Unapproved Medicines and Biologics. 对澳大利亚获取价格更低但未经批准的药品和生物制剂的法律框架的分析。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-024-10392-6

N Ghinea

{"title":"An Analysis of Australia's Legal Framework for Access to More Affordable but Unapproved Medicines and Biologics.","authors":"N Ghinea","doi":"10.1007/s11673-024-10392-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-024-10392-6","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Approved medicines are not always sufficient to address the needs of patients so several legal pathways exist to enable access to unapproved medicines for treatment purposes. This article is the first to provide an in-depth analysis of this regulatory framework that governs access to unapproved medicines in Australia with a specific focus on affordability-motivated access.Methods: Legislation, regulations, and guidelines were critically analysed to identify the de jure basis for importation and supply of unapproved medicines in Australia.Results: Most pathways for accessing unapproved medicines do not permit importation or supply for non-clinical justifications such as affordability. This is problematic as it fails to recognize that a medicine being unavailable is equivalent to a medicine being unaffordable for a patient. Better alignment can be achieved by permitting importation and supply of unapproved medicines if justified by good medical practice, which includes considerations of equity and access. It is also shown that the provisions of the Special Access Scheme Category A could be interpreted broadly to expand its use.Conclusions: As medicines become more expensive and cost-barriers to treatment are more prevalent, ignoring affordability as a valid criterion for importing medicines is a significant oversight of current regulation.","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142734397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reflections from the Editors-in-Chief. 主编的思考。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-024-10403-6

Lynley Anderson, Christopher Jordens, Jing-Bao Nie, Leigh E Rich, Michael A Ashby, Bronwen Morrell

引用次数: 0

The Role of Ethics Committees in Charity Care Allocation. 伦理委员会在慈善护理分配中的作用。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-024-10394-4

Richard Bui, Mary Majumder

引用次数: 0

Meaningful and Successful Ethical Enactments: A Proposal from Deliberative Wisdom Theory. 有意义和成功的道德行为：慎思智慧理论的建议。

IF 1.8 3区哲学

Journal of Bioethical Inquiry Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1007/s11673-024-10391-7

E Racine

{"title":"Meaningful and Successful Ethical Enactments: A Proposal from Deliberative Wisdom Theory.","authors":"E Racine","doi":"10.1007/s11673-024-10391-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11673-024-10391-7","url":null,"abstract":"As a field, ethics is driven by the desire to help guide human life and human activities. Yet, what are the standards or guideposts indicating that a given policy or practice change actually contributes meaningfully to such desires and aspirations? In other words, how do we know if we have achieved meaningful ethical outcomes and enactment processes? Unfortunately, there are many examples of ethically oriented actions that were well intentioned but carried out in a way that undermined some of the values they intended on promoting or led to unexpected undesirable outcomes. In this paper, building on an account of ethics as a pragmatist pursuit of deliberative wisdom, I identify and discuss four procedural guideposts which can help evaluate if a process of inquiry is an ethical one oriented toward human flourishing. First, situational awareness and continuity designates the need to keep in sight the nature of the situation at stake to ensure that the enactment process does not derail from a cardinal human flourishing orientation. Second, a meaningful ethical enactment should distribute opportunities for participation such that it is not only one's autonomy (e.g., the ethicist) that is developed and exercised but that positive relationships are also fostered through the growth of others. Third, enactments must strive for more than simple avoidance of encroachment of wrongs but aim for the promotion of praiseworthy practices that pursue what is envisioned as being the better and most compelling vision. Fourth, an ethics process should be conducive of personal growth and mutual learning.","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142584881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0