{"title":"Ethical Issues in Memory Modification Technology: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Junjie Yang","doi":"10.1007/s11673-024-10371-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11673-024-10371-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Memory modification technology (MMT) refers to the use of neurotechnologies to intervene in memories. Many scholars have reflected on the ethical issues in MMT, but a comprehensive review of this topic has not been seen. This article presents the first scoping review study of ethical issues in MMT using a bibliometric and systematic approach. After thorough examination, 133 records of key literature are included in this scoping review. Six core ethical themes are extracted: (1) self, identity, and authenticity; (2) autonomy and informed consent; (3) welfare and happiness; (4) safety and risks; (5) responsibility and obligation; (6) social and legal justice. More detailed analyses are conducted on the moral stances and reasons held by different scholars concerning these ethical themes. As can be seen, current debates exhibit certain shortcomings, including ambiguous ethical concepts and a restricted scope of analysis. Therefore, we call for deeper reflections on the philosophical foundations, more precise definitions of ethical terms, and more comprehensive examinations of neurotechnological applications, in order to better address the ethical challenges in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"359-380"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Towards an Ethical Analysis of Research in One Health (EAROH).","authors":"Zohar Lederman","doi":"10.1007/s11673-024-10406-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11673-024-10406-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 and Monkeypox pandemics and the ongoing Marburg outbreak in Rwanda provide a stark reminder of the importance of espousing a One Health (OH) approach to zoonoses as well as other public health and global health issues. Recent years have in fact seen an exponential rise in biomedical and public health journals and publications explicitly adopting the name of OH. Not all research that pertains to be OH however is indeed OH research, insofar as it does not comply with the proclaimed OH goals of benefiting humans, animals, and the environment. Thus, to ensure such compliance a checklist or toolkit for an ethical analysis of research in OH (EAROH) should be required prior to publication in scientific journals or grant applications. Such a toolkit should be developed by a working group of scholars with expertise in OH ethics, animal ethics, and environmental ethics.</p>","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"395-404"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Melanie Jansen, Katie M Moynihan, Lisa S Taylor, Shreerupa Basu
{"title":"Complex Decision-Making in Paediatric Intensive Care: A Discussion Paper and Suggested Model.","authors":"Melanie Jansen, Katie M Moynihan, Lisa S Taylor, Shreerupa Basu","doi":"10.1007/s11673-024-10381-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11673-024-10381-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paediatric Intensive Care Units (PICU) are complex interdisciplinary environments where challenging, high stakes decisions are frequently encountered. We assert that appropriate decisions are more likely to be made if the decision-making process is comprehensive, reasoned, and grounded in thoughtful deliberation. Strategies to overcome barriers to high quality decision-making including, cognitive and implicit bias, group think, inadequate information gathering, and poor quality deliberation should be incorporated. Several general frameworks for decision-making exist, but specific guidance is scarce. In this paper, we provide specific guidance on collaborative complex decision-making for PICUs. The proposed approach is on principles of procedural justice and pragmatic hermeneutics. The process encompasses set-up/planning, information gathering, question formulation, analysis (perspectives, values, and principles), action plan development, decision documentation, and a review and appeal mechanism. The process can be adapted to suit other clinical contexts. Research evaluating the process, exploring how best to develop education for clinicians, and how to build a culture that values high quality deliberation, is worthwhile.</p>","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"293-303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142373434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Instrumentalization of Public Health Issues for Propaganda by the Far-Right.","authors":"L Cordeiro-Rodrigues, D Landon Cole, D Duan","doi":"10.1007/s11673-024-10388-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11673-024-10388-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Political opportunism of the far-right threatens the efficacy of public health policies and political stability in general. In this commentary, we outline some of the ways that the European far-right has misused public health concerns as propaganda tools. This is a significant threat to the goals of making health and science more inclusive, and we recommend some policies for mitigating the racist effect of the far-right. Notably, we recommend (a) transparency in health policies and robust implementation of the rule of law, (b) the use of operative public values and human rights in health policy making, and (c) investment in decolonizing mindsets which may be corrosive of health policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"321-326"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ethical Dilemmas and Value Conflicts Experienced by Japanese Social Workers Supporting Older People.","authors":"C Unozawa, M Tsuruwaka","doi":"10.1007/s11673-025-10421-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11673-025-10421-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Social workers (SWs) who support older people encounter ethical dilemmas and experience value conflicts when working with other professionals while fulfilling their responsibilities. We explored these experiences by interviewing SWs engaged in care for older people in Japan. Methods We conducted a qualitative interview survey with a targeted sample, employing a narrative analysis method. The participants included twenty-one SWs (four male, seventeen female) employed across acute-care hospitals, convalescent rehabilitation hospitals, home healthcare, and nursing homes. Results SWs described experiences of ethical dilemmas in supporting older people due to conflicting obligations and value priorities. They highly prioritize understanding the life backgrounds and values of patients to be able to discharge their duty to advocate patient autonomy and promote the best interest of the patients. However, SWs faced ethical dilemmas due to their responsibility to the organization, conflicting obligations toward the patient's family versus the patient's wishes, and differing prioritized values compared with medical professionals who prioritize the patient's physical function. Additionally, the relationship between SWs and medical professionals poses challenges in addressing these ethical dilemmas. Conclusion It is crucial to appreciate the significance of individuals from diverse professions by comprehending their respective roles and specialties, fostering equitable relationships, and capitalizing on their distinct expertise through collaboration.</p>","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"441-456"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Incarceration Postpartum: Is There a Right to Prison Nurseries?","authors":"M A Mitchell, S K Yeturu, J M Appel","doi":"10.1007/s11673-024-10390-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11673-024-10390-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rising rates of female incarceration within the United States are incompatible with the lack of federal standards outlining the rights of incarcerated mothers and their children. A robust body of evidence demonstrates that prison nurseries, programmes designed for mothers to keep their infants under their care during detainment or incarceration, provide essential and beneficial care that could not otherwise be achieved within the current carceral infrastructure. These benefits include facilitation of breastfeeding, bonding during a critical period of child development, and decreased recidivism rates for participants. Legal precedent exists to support the rights of the mother to continue to parent their child but remains in stark opposition to current prison infrastructure that could allow them to do so. Existing state policies also have inconsistent mechanisms for determining child eligibility and should move to centre decision-making on a case-by-case basis. This work will demonstrate that a just society, supported by law and ensuring maternal-child welfare supports the establishment of prison nursery programmes as a part of the existing right to healthcare for incarcerated individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"305-312"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142362446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"Expensive Sisters\".","authors":"Fawad Javed, Zain Uddin Ahmed","doi":"10.1007/s11673-024-10393-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11673-024-10393-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This perspective highlights a growing and concerning trend within the scientific publishing community: the increasing incidence of manuscript rejections within twenty-four hours of submission without peer review, followed by offers of transfer to a sister journal with a high article processing fee. Recommendations to address such issues, including increased transparency in the manuscript review process, the establishment of more robust editorial guidelines, and the promotion of equitable publishing opportunities regardless of financial capability have also been proposed.</p>","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"233-234"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Attitudes of Arab Family Caregivers in Israel Toward Robot-Delivered Care For ADL-Dependent (Activities of Daily Living-Dependent) Older People: Identifying Ethical and Social Issues.","authors":"Hanan AboJabel, Fareeda Abo-Rass","doi":"10.1007/s11673-024-10414-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11673-024-10414-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Older people are often cared for by family caregivers who may experience a variety of challenges. Robots may be helpful. Understanding the attitudes of family caregivers in this context is essential as they are a major factor in robot use. To date, most studies on family caregivers ' attitudes toward robot assistance in elder care have been conducted in East Asian or Western societies, but as such perceptions are affected by culture, in the present study, we investigated the attitudes of Arab family caregivers in Israel. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with twenty Arab family caregivers who provide care to ADL (activities of daily living)-dependent older people. All participants were Muslim and adult children of a person requiring care. The majority (75 per cent) were women, and the average age was fifty-one. Analysis of the interviews revealed two main themes: (1) Attitudes: Most participants strongly objected to the assistance of a robot in caring for older people, and perceived it as a violation of family values; and (2) Reasons for attitudes: Participants preferred human care over robot care due to concerns previously documented among other populations regarding system malfunctions, the risk of loneliness, and lack of technological literacy. We also identified a unique factor: the family 's moral obligation to care for older people. The absolute opposition of family members to the use of a robot in the care of older people requires the development of intervention programmes to increase technological literacy among family caregivers and reduce negative attitudes. These programmes need to address the opportunities and risks associated with the use of robots, and how these risks can be avoided.</p>","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"415-430"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143812831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sara Patuzzo Manzati, Antonella Galeone, Francesco Onorati, Giovanni Battista Luciani
{"title":"Donation After Circulatory Death following Withdrawal of Life-Sustaining Treatments. Are We Ready to Break the Dead Donor Rule?","authors":"Sara Patuzzo Manzati, Antonella Galeone, Francesco Onorati, Giovanni Battista Luciani","doi":"10.1007/s11673-024-10382-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11673-024-10382-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A fundamental criterion considered essential to deem the procedure of vital organ procurement for transplantation ethical is that the donor must be dead, as per the Dead Donor Rule (DDR). In the case of Donation after Circulatory Death (DCD), is the donor genuinely dead? The main aim of this article is to clarify this uncertainty, which primarily arises from the fact that in DCD, death is determined based on cardiac criteria (Circulatory Death, CD), rather than neurological criteria (Brain Death, BD), and that to allow the procurement procedure, physicians reperfuse the organs in an assisted manner. To ensure that the cessation of circulation leads to the irreversible loss of brain functions, DCD regulations require that physicians wait a certain period after CD before commencing vital organ procurement. However, during this \"no-touch period,\" the organs are at risk of damage, potentially rendering them unsuitable for transplantation. When DCD is performed on patients whose CD follows a Withdrawal of Life-Sustaining Treatment (WLST) (DCD Maastricht III category), how long should the no-touch period last? Does its existence really make sense? Does beginning the procedure of vital organ procurement immediately after WLST constitute a violation of the DDR that can be ethically justified? The discussion aims to provide arguments in support of the non-absoluteness of the DDR.</p>","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"257-264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142134319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Against a Pluriversal Approach in Global Bioethics.","authors":"Simon Lucas","doi":"10.1007/s11673-025-10434-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11673-025-10434-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50252,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioethical Inquiry","volume":" ","pages":"463-465"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}