Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Physiological sensitivities to hypoxia differ between co-occurring juvenile flatfishes","authors":"Juliana C. Cornett ,&nbsp;Scott L. Hamilton ,&nbsp;Cheryl A. Logan","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coastal hypoxia threatens estuarine nursery habitat for juvenile demersal fishes worldwide, and is expected to intensify with climate change. This study examines the physiological tolerances of hypoxia in two ecologically and economically important flatfish species that co-occur in a highly eutrophic estuary and biodiversity hotspot on California's central coast, the Elkhorn Slough. Juveniles of English sole (<em>Parophrys vetulus</em>) occur less frequently in areas of the slough where dissolved oxygen (DO) ≤ 4.0 mg/L O₂ compared to speckled sanddabs (<em>Citharichthys stigmaeus</em>), suggesting that English sole may be more sensitive to hypoxia. We exposed both species to an ecologically relevant, acute six-hour exposure to six DO levels ranging from ambient to severely hypoxic: 8.0, 6.0, 4.0, 3.0, 2.0, and 1.5 mg/L O₂ and measured known physiological and biochemical indicators of hypoxia stress. As DO declined, metabolic rate and aerobic scope decreased for English sole, while anaerobic activity (measured by L-lactate) and ventilation rate increased for both species. Biochemical responses to hypoxia were observed only at very low DO levels (≤ 4.0 mg/L O₂), indicating that both species appear to have a higher tolerance for relatively short-term hypoxia than other teleost fishes. Speckled sanddabs increased ventilation rate and anaerobic activity at higher DO levels than English sole, suggesting that earlier onset of compensatory mechanisms may contribute to the greater relative hypoxia tolerance in sanddabs. Examining the link between physiological and ecological thresholds for hypoxia tolerance will help determine suitable nursery habitat areas and management targets for estuarine restoration, and aid in predictions of fishery success under eutrophication and climate change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"578 ","pages":"Article 152033"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141484428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reef location and season, but not recruitment substrate contour and composition, affect coral recruitment patterns","authors":"Dexter W. dela Cruz ,&nbsp;Peter L. Harrison","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Most studies have quantified coral recruitment using recruitment tiles temporarily deployed on reefs. However, the wide range of tile types used in different studies potentially influences recruitment patterns thereby hindering accurate comparisons among reef areas. We examined the effect of different tile types with different surface structure and composition on spatial (reef locations) and temporal (season) patterns of coral recruitment in the northwestern Philippines. Dead coral skeleton, terracotta, and fibre-cement tiles were deployed and retrieved quarterly over a 15-month period. In contrast to previous studies, patterns of standardized density and composition of recruits were consistent among tile types. Recruits varied spatially and were highest in Caniogan reef, followed by Cory reef and Lucero reef, suggesting that coral recruitment in the Bolinao-Anda Reef Complex (BARC) is influenced by reef location and existing coral cover. Highest recruitment was also found during the peak coral spawning season. The results of this study contrast with some previous reports which indicate that coral recruitment patterns are strongly influenced by recruitment substrate types. Our study suggests that once sufficient biological conditioning of the tile surfaces has occurred, the microbial and algal community present on the different tile surfaces are similarly conducive to larval settlement of some coral taxa.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"578 ","pages":"Article 152029"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022098124000443/pdfft?md5=57e009fb856269020d4c7d79b9dce97c&pid=1-s2.0-S0022098124000443-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141424405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal and site-specific differences in biofouling communities on Pacific oyster Mariculture farms","authors":"Brian P. Ulaski,&nbsp;Brenda Konar","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Artificial substrates are ideal for the settlement of biofouling communities. Oyster cages used in mariculture are known to provide substrate for a diversity of epibiotic organisms to settle and grow. While oyster farmers regularly clean their cages of these epibionts, diverse biofouling communities can still develop and contribute to the composition of the overall ecosystem surrounding mariculture farms. Colonization by biofouling organisms, including algae and animals, can be sudden and have rapid development. Biofouling on cages can have deleterious impacts on the farmed oysters, ultimately increasing operational expenses and decreasing farmer profits. Identifying seasonal and spatial patterns in biofouling community composition and their relationship to environmental conditions is essential for effectively addressing the impact these organisms pose. Here, we examined changes in taxonomic composition of biofouling communities over time at multiple oyster mariculture farms in the Gulf of Alaska with the intent of answering our overarching research question: Does composition of biofouling communities vary seasonally and spatially? To address this question, we took bi-monthly photographs of oyster cages from March to September of 2023 at three farms in Kachemak Bay and one sampling was done in September 2023 in Prince William Sound to assess seasonal and spatial differences in biofouling community composition. A subset of photographs taken at all sites in September were paired with scrape collections for biomass to compare surveying methods. Though there were notable differences in taxonomic resolution between the two sampling methods, both resulted in similar diversity measurements and spatial patterns of composition. Diatom mats and red filamentous algae were predominant contributors to biofouling. Additionally, the spatial differences in community variability and composition were stronger than seasonal differences, and salinity was found to best correlate with patterns in biofouling communities. Altogether, these findings have practical implications for monitoring impacts of biofouling on mariculture, as the methodological approach can be catered to specific research goals or resource constraints.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"578 ","pages":"Article 152031"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022098124000467/pdfft?md5=a71320d786fa254899eca6023fa570f7&pid=1-s2.0-S0022098124000467-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141424486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) shows physiological tolerance to polyester microfibers at environmental concentrations","authors":"Hannah Haskell ,&nbsp;Coleen C. Suckling ,&nbsp;Marta Gomez-Chiarri ,&nbsp;Kelton W. McMahon ,&nbsp;Brian Preziosi ,&nbsp;Andrew J. Davies","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Significant research has shown that microplastics are ubiquitous within the marine environment, organisms are interacting with microplastics regularly, and microplastics at high concentrations can have significant impacts on organismal physiology and health. However, the potential impacts of this pervasive pollutant on organismal physiology at environmentally relevant concentrations is less well studied. To this aim, we exposed eastern oysters, <em>Crassostrea virginica</em> to daily doses (45 d total exposure) of polyester microfibers (mean ± 1 SE: length = 662 ± 2 μm; width 16 ± 1 μm, <em>n</em> = 300 fibers, 1.38 g cm⁻³ density) at environmentally relevant concentrations (0, 2, and 95 fibers L⁻¹) as well as a high exposure concentration (950 fibers L⁻¹) to represent potential future microplastic increases. We quantified physiological responses in five key parameters: somatic growth, survival rate, clearance rate, plastic accumulation in somatic tissues, and cellular energy allocation (CEA). No significant responses were observed in any of these important physiological parameters, suggesting that polyester microfibers at current environmental concentrations appear to pose minimal threat to the physiological well-being of <em>C. virginica</em> within these study conditions<em>.</em> Substantial variation was observed in the number of fibers that accumulated per oyster ranging from 0 to 58 fibers per individual. This relatively broad range of fiber accumulation demonstrates individualistic interactions between oysters and microplastics, highlighting the need for sufficient sample sizes when investigating microplastic accumulation within somatic tissues in order to capture individual variance. Our study also highlights the importance of characterizing microplastic behavior (i.e., suspension time in water) in exposure studies to better understand actual exposure patterns and experimental outcomes. Results from our study demonstrate the critical importance of considering environmental relevance, in terms of exposure concentration, polymer type and particle sinking behavior, when conducting exposure studies and interpreting potential impacts of microplastics on organismal physiology. Our work provides novel information regarding the physiological responses of <em>C. virginica</em> when exposed to environmentally relevant microplastic pollution levels. Such information is beneficial for improving the design of future exposure studies to build upon and vital for understanding the current risk microplastics may pose to marine species and developing management strategies to deal with this emerging pollutant.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"578 ","pages":"Article 152032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141328772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated extracellular magnesium in overwintering sandhoppers Talitrus saltator: Disentangling the effects of torpor and temperature","authors":"John I. Spicer,&nbsp;Jack G. Bush","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sandhoppers (amphipods) have long been thought to overwinter in the supratidal zone at high temperate latitudes, buried in a torpid or dormant state described as ‘hibernation’. Early correlative studies suggested an association between invertebrate activity and extracellular Mg²⁺, a well known narcotizing agent. More recently large temperature-related increases in extracellular Mg²⁺ were recorded in a Scottish population of the sandhopper <em>Talitrus saltator</em> associated with overwintering. Our study tests the idea that at low environmental temperatures large <em>T. saltator</em> enter a deep torpor, distinct from temperature-related reduced activity, and associated with an increase in extracellular Mg²⁺ related to, but different from, any effect of low temperature on Mg^2+.. Haemolymph from buried individuals was sampled <em>in situ</em> Sept 2017 - Feb 2018. Extracellular ions, including Mg²⁺ were quantified and correlated most strongly with burrow temperature. While there was a statistically significant and predictable increase in [Mg²⁺]_h with temperature reduction (0.19 mmol.L⁻¹.°C) the [Mg²⁺]_h of torpid individuals (3.91 mmol.L⁻¹) was greater than resting individuals ((6.39 mmol.L⁻¹) at equivalent low temperatures (&lt; 4.2 °C). There was no difference in the concentrations of Na⁺, Ca²⁺ or Cu²⁺ as a result of temperature change or torpor. This was confirmed in laboratory experiments where there was a difference in [Mg²⁺]_h between torpid and resting individuals at the same comparatively high temperature (Δ 0.87 mmol.L⁻¹, <em>T</em> = 10 °C). There was a larger difference as a result of temperature reduction from 10 to 2 °C (Δ + 4.78 mmol.L⁻¹). This associates Mg²⁺ with torpor in <em>T. saltator</em>, as does experimentally blocking the antennal gland, which results in an elevated extracellular Mg²⁺ (but not Na⁺) and a cessation of activity even at high temperatures (15 °C). It is clear from the present study that elevated [Mg²⁺]_h in overwintering sandhoppers is associated with torpor and, to a lesser extent, exposure to low temperature, and these responses are different from individuals from a Scottish <em>Talitrus saltator</em> population examined previously.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"577 ","pages":"Article 152030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141313407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crevices are beneficial to digestive ability and growth of juvenile sea cucumbers Apostichopus japonicus","authors":"Huiyan Wang ,&nbsp;Xiyuan Huang ,&nbsp;Ruihuan Tian,&nbsp;Peng Ding,&nbsp;Zihe Zhao,&nbsp;Guo Wu,&nbsp;Pan Lu,&nbsp;Chong Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Crevices serve as a natural congregation site for sea cucumbers. Short-term exposure to the crevices enhances feeding and defecation behaviors of sea cucumbers. However, the long-term effects on digestive ability and growth remain entirely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of crevices on the growth and digestive ability of juvenile sea cucumber over a 60-day cultivation period. Crevices significantly increased the muscle layer thickness, mucosal layer thickness, fold length, and fold width in the intestines of sea cucumbers. These findings suggest that crevices improved the intestinal micromorphology of sea cucumbers. Sea cucumbers reared within crevices exhibited significantly elevated pepsin activity compared to those cultured without crevices. Crevices probably play a beneficial role in food digestion by improving intestinal micromorphology and pepsin activity in sea cucumbers. Furthermore, this study found a significant increase in relative weight gain rate (WGR) and relative body wall rate (BWR) among sea cucumbers inhabiting crevices, in contrast to those devoid of such habitats. In summary, the present study reveals that crevice is an effective approach to enhancing the digestive ability and growth of juvenile sea cucumbers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"577 ","pages":"Article 152027"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141290362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Red king crab larval survival and development are resilient to ocean acidification","authors":"W. Christopher Long,&nbsp;Alexandra L. Conrad,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Gardner,&nbsp;Robert J. Foy","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ocean acidification, a decrease in oceanic pH resulting from the uptake of anthropogenic CO2, can be a significant stressor for marine organisms. In this study, we reared red king crab larvae from hatching to the first crab stage in four different pH treatments: current surface ambient, diel fluctuation to mimic larval migration between the surface and mixed layer under current ambient conditions, pH 7.8, and pH 7.5. Larvae were monitored throughout development and the average length of each stage was determined. At each of the zoeal stages, the glaucothoe stage, and the first crab stage, we measured survival, morphometry, dry mass, and carbon, nitrogen, calcium, and magnesium content. Red king crab larvae were highly resilient to ocean acidification. There were no differences among treatments in survival or in average stage length. Although there were clear ontogenetic trends in size, weight, and elemental composition, most of these did not vary with pH treatment. Zoeal morphology did not vary among treatments, although glaucothoe and C1 crabs were slightly smaller in pH 7.8 than in the ambient treatment. Ambient larvae also had a slightly higher mass than pH 7.8 larvae but not pH 7.5. Ambient larvae had higher magnesium contents than pH 7.8 and pH 7.5, but calcium levels were the same. Ambient larvae also had slightly lower carbon and nitrogen content than pH 7.8 and pH 7.5 larvae but only in the 4th zoeal stage. Overall this study suggests that red king crab larvae are well adapted to a wide range of pH conditions and appear resilient to ocean acidification levels projected for the next two centuries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"577 ","pages":"Article 152028"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141286544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scope for growth of the thick shell mussel Mytilus coruscus under combined stress of Vibrio alginolyticus and Charybdis japonica","authors":"Chunhua Liu ,&nbsp;Jin Qian ,&nbsp;Xiang Chen ,&nbsp;Wei Huang ,&nbsp;Youji Wang ,&nbsp;Fahim Ullah Khan ,&nbsp;Yueyong Shang ,&nbsp;Menghong Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Vibrio</em> species is currently recognized as a major contributor to shellfish diseases and mortality in marine habitats. In the natural environment, predator-induced stress also triggers defensive responses in mussels. The purpose of this experiment was to evaluate the combined stress effects of <em>Vibrio alginolyticus</em> and predator crab (<em>Charybdis japonica</em>) on the energy expenditure of the thick shell mussel <em>Mytilus coruscus</em>. Based on our results, when crabs were co-cultured with mussels, there were no significant alterations observed in the clearance rate (CR), respiration rate (RR), or ammonia excretion rate (ER) of mussels. However, significant decreases were noted in the oxygen‑nitrogen ratio (O: N ratio), absorption efficiency (AE), and scope for growth (SFG) of the mussels. Subsequent exposure to <em>V. alginolyticus</em> led to significant reductions in CR, RR, O: N ratio, and SFG of mussels, while ER and AE were significant increased. Additionally, interactive effects of the presence of crabs and <em>Vibrio</em> were observed in CR, RR, ER, O: N ratios, AE and SFG. The results underscore that simultaneous exposure to <em>V. alginolyticus</em> and crabs can diminish the growth energy of mussels. This study provides a basis for better understanding the effects of multi-factorial stress on energy utilization and health of mussels, and lays the foundation for conducting ecotoxicological research on <em>Vibrio</em> and its predators in aquatic environments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"577 ","pages":"Article 152025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141194110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GC-MS based identification of anti-microbial bioactive compounds, isolated from Bacillus halotolerans of marine sediment","authors":"Kanchan Soni,&nbsp;Ashima Bagaria","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Marine environments are known for their complex habitats due to the spread of industrial pollutants, and microorganisms that endure adverse conditions are evolving as extremophiles. The present study is designed to explore the antimicrobial activity of microbes present in marine ecosystems that secrete bioactive compounds. The bacterial strains VT-2, VT-4, and VT-5 isolated from the marine sediment exerted an inhibitory effect against the human pathogenic microorganisms <em>Escherichia coli</em> (<em>E. coli</em>), <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> (<em>S. aureus</em>), and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (<em>P. aeruginosa</em>). Among the three strains, VT-5 exhibited efficient antibiotic potential. Based on biochemical characterisation, the VT-5 strain is gram-positive, rod-shaped, and demonstrates resilience to stress, salt, and drought. The 16 s r-RNA analysis confirmed <em>Bacillus halotolerans</em>, having a similarity of 99.75%. Bioactive compounds released by the VT-5 strain had efficient antibacterial activity, which was also observed in FESEM micrographs as deformation of cellular structure in pathogens. The chromatographic extraction of VT-5 was identified to have antibacterial bioactive compounds, and that was further determined by using FTIR and GC/MS. The peaks observed in the FTIR spectrum with different functional groups showed similarity to the structures of these isolated bioactive compounds. GC/MS analysis also revealed the presence of nine vital bioactive compounds, most of which have been reported to exhibit antimicrobial activity. Our study further strengthens that VT-5 (<em>Bacillus halotolerans</em>) is resistant to MDR (<em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>) and MRSA (<em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>) pathogenic strains. Furthermore, this study explores marine-associated microbes as a promising avenue for new antimicrobial drugs, revealing possibilities for marine organism-derived compounds.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"577 ","pages":"Article 152026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141194350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in larval acidification tolerance among populations of the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica","authors":"Anthony R. Himes ,&nbsp;Annie Schatz ,&nbsp;Emily B. Rivest","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jembe.2024.152023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The eastern oyster, <em>Crassostrea virginica</em>, is an ecologically and economically important species that is threatened by ongoing coastal ocean acidification. Oyster larvae are known to be more susceptible to acidification than either juvenile or adult life stages, but less is known about what levels of acidification induce a stress response and how this stress response changes with increasing acidification. Furthermore, little is known about population-level variability in acidification tolerance in <em>C. virginica</em>, making predictions of how this species will respond to future environmental scenarios difficult. To address these knowledge gaps, both whole animal and cellular metrics were used to quantify the acidification response of larvae produced by adults collected from Page Rock reef and Parrot's Rock reef, two spatially distinct reefs in adjacent tributaries of Chesapeake Bay. A comparison of Page Rock reef larvae among four acidification scenarios (pH 7.8, 7.5, 7.2, 7.0) revealed differences in shell length, total protein content, and triglyceride content, with growth increasingly impacted as acidification intensity increased. However, the sensitivity of these traits to acidification varied, where shell length was similarly impacted between pH 7.5 and 7.2, while protein and triglyceride content continued to decrease between these acidification scenarios. Triglyceride accumulation was most severely impacted under the lowest pH tested (pH 7.0), signaling that acidification could ultimately reduce the number of individuals successfully recruiting into the adult population if adequate energy stores cannot be accumulated for metamorphosis. A comparison of larvae between the two reefs at pH 7.8 and 7.2 revealed differences in survival, growth, and energy accumulation that suggest clear underlying physiological variations in larvae between reefs and unique sensitivities to acidification stress. These findings demonstrate that acidification tolerance within <em>C. virginica</em> can vary by population, which will have important implications for industry and conservation efforts as more resilient populations would make better candidates for future selective breeding efforts as well as restoration initiatives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"577 ","pages":"Article 152023"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141164517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}