Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Eastern Baltic cod larvae in a salinity gradient: Choice of salinity and the role of neutral buoyancy","authors":"Maddi Garate-Olaizola ,&nbsp;Johanna Fröjd ,&nbsp;Jane W. Behrens ,&nbsp;Sune Riis Sørensen ,&nbsp;María Cortázar-Chinarro ,&nbsp;Anssi Laurila","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Teleost fish rely on multiple sensory systems to navigate in the aquatic environment, yet these mechanisms are often scarcely known during their early life history stages. Salinity is an important environmental parameter affecting the performance of fish larvae, and recent studies have shown that some larval fish use it as an environmental cue to position, orientate and navigate. Further, fish larvae are often visual feeders, and light has been suggested to be a crucial environmental cue for visual orientation and feeding. In this study, we investigate whether first-feeding larvae of eastern Baltic cod (<em>Gadus morhua callarias</em>) are driven by light and salinity. We examine this in the context of their natural vertical distribution and movement; from deeper, darker and more saline (13–17 psu) water layers towards the more light-exposed and less saline (7 psu) surface water. Further, we investigate the relationship between this movement and the neutral buoyancy measured both in active and passive larvae. We found that the larvae remain in a saline environment close to the salinity which supports their neutral buoyancy. They show negative phototaxis, suggesting an active avoidance of the lighter and less saline upper water layers. These results improve our understanding of the ecophysiology and behaviour of larval fish during the first-feeding stage and serve as an important input for restocking efforts of eastern Baltic cod and potential future production of hatchery rearing of this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 152174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147424218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suppression effects of Cystoseira barbata and Ulva lactuca macroalgal extracts on growth and toxin production in Ostreopsis cf. ovata: Implications for harmful algal bloom mitigation","authors":"Zakaria A. Mohamed ,&nbsp;Hana Abohbell ,&nbsp;Adel S. Ben Omran ,&nbsp;Tahani A.Y. Asseri ,&nbsp;Mohamed Hashem ,&nbsp;Hoida A. Badr","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The possibility of the inhibitory effects of macroalgae on harmful microalgae has been suggested by our earlier studies on the Libyan Mediterranean coast, which revealed the occurrence of <em>Ostreopsis</em> cf. <em>ovata</em> bloom in a coastal area lacking macroalgae but not in areas covered with macroalgal assemblage. Therefore, the present study investigated the potential effects of extracts from the most prevalent macroalgae in the assemblage; <em>Cystoseira barbata</em> and <em>Ulva lactuca</em> on the growth and toxin production in <em>Ostreopsis</em> cf. <em>ovata</em>. The growth of <em>O.</em> cf. <em>ovata</em> was more inhibited by macroalgal methanol extracts than by aqueous extracts. Furthermore, both aqueous and methanol extracts of <em>C. barbata</em> showed a greater suppression of <em>O.</em> cf. <em>ovata</em> growth (IC₅₀ = 0.2–1.5 mg mL⁻¹) than <em>U. lactuca</em> extracts (IC₅₀ = 0.5–35 mg mL⁻¹). The macroalgal extracts increased toxin production in <em>O.</em> cf. <em>ovata</em> cells during the first 4 days (69.1–89.1 pg cell⁻¹), compared to the control (67.2 pg cell⁻¹). However, this rise in toxin production does not constitute a risk, because treated <em>O.</em> cf. <em>ovata</em> cultures revealed no evidence of cell lysis or toxin release into the medium. Also, the toxins within the cells gradually decreased until it became undetectable by the end of the experiment. <em>Ostreopsis</em> cf. <em>ovata</em> cells settled on the vessel bottom at higher concentrations of macroalgal extracts (5 and 10 mg mL⁻¹), and transformed into non-viable and nontoxic temporary cysts. This study suggests that <em>C. barbata</em> and <em>U. lactuca</em> macroalgal extracts be used as an environmentally safe bio-agent to control harmful blooms in confined coastal areas, after evaluating the possible impacts of the antialgal agents in the extracts on other aquatic animals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 152176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147424217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plastic leachate oleamide alters predator-prey interactions amongst marine invertebrates","authors":"Madelyn A. Hair ,&nbsp;Chelsea O. Bennice ,&nbsp;Krista A. McCoy ,&nbsp;Michael W. McCoy","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152173","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152173","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural chemical cues, such as those released by predators or resources, are widely used in marine ecosystems to inform decision-making. However, many chemical pollutants, like plastic leachates, can disrupt information generated by natural chemical cues and alter organism behavior such as predatory or defensive strategies. Understanding how chemical cues and organism behaviors are altered by pollutants is important for predicting community dynamics in benthic environments where plastic pollution accumulates. In this study, we investigated how a specific plastic leachate, oleamide, influences prey selection, predator-prey proximity, and the frequency and outcome of predator-prey interactions in a simplified experimental benthic marine food web. Specifically, we tested how oleamide affected predator behavior in the south Florida common octopus (<em>Octopus vulgaris</em>), an abundant meso-predator, toward 4 common prey taxa: hermit crabs, free-living crabs, snails, and clams. Octopus prey selection was recorded daily, and predator-prey proximity and interactions were analyzed from video recordings before, during, and after oleamide exposure (0.31 ppb). Although there was among-individual variation in prey selection, overall crustaceans were the most-selected prey, and selections of free-living crabs increased during and after exposure to oleamide relative to pre-exposure. Moreover, both crustacean taxa maintained closer proximity to the octopus during oleamide exposure compared to pre-exposure. Although total predator-prey interactions and non-consumptive contacts (octopus contacts prey but does not consume) increased during exposure to oleamide, successful predation events did not change. The maintenance of closer proximity and increased interactions between predators and prey suggests that oleamide confounds decision-making and alters species interactions in polluted benthic environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 152173"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146196900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in nematocyst abundance provide a mechanism for venom metering in the ‘upside-down’ jellyfish Cassiopea (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa: Rhizostomeae)","authors":"Ranko Gacesa ,&nbsp;Adrian Jaimes-Becerra ,&nbsp;Edgar Gamero-Mora ,&nbsp;Steven Lynham ,&nbsp;Gabriel Padilla ,&nbsp;André C. Morandini ,&nbsp;Antonio C. Marques ,&nbsp;Paul F. Long","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152175","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Cassiopea</em> spp. exhibit mixotrophy through photoautotrophic symbiosis with zooxanthellae and heterotrophic prey capture via venom. Despite this, venom composition data remain limited. We present a 406.6 Mbp draft genome for <em>Cassiopea andromeda</em>, annotated using transcriptomes from aposymbiotic tissues. This genome supported proteomic mapping of venom from nematocysts of <em>C. andromeda</em> and <em>Cassiopea xamachana</em> from pristine and polluted mangroves in Brazil and a pristine mangrove in the Florida Keys. MS/MS data revealed no qualitative interspecific differences in toxin homologs, which were predominantly haemostasis-disrupting, suggesting venom specialization. Toxin abundance and nematocyst counts were higher in specimens from pristine environments, despite similar nematocyst types and sizes across samples. Environmental condition, rather than species or location, influenced venom abundance. We propose that modulation of nematocyst density may serve as an unrecognized mechanism for venom metering in adult <em>Cassiopea</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"596 ","pages":"Article 152175"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147424219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The physiological responses of the Florida stone crab to changes in salinity","authors":"Taran McNelly,&nbsp;Lilly Branton,&nbsp;Philip M. Gravinese","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Florida stone crab occupies habitats that can experience a range of salinities throughout the year, yet nothing is known about their salt balance physiology. We acclimated stone crabs for a week to conditions that mimic the range of salinities they experience in coastal habitats to determine their ability to regulate or conform their hemolymph osmolality and chloride ion concentration. At a salinity of 35 ppt or higher, the hemolymph osmolality mirrored the treatment seawater indicating that crabs were osmoconforming. Stone crabs physiologically shifted to being osmoregulators in the lowest salinities (20 and 25 ppt). Similarly, crabs switched from being chloride ion conformers at higher salinity to chloride ion regulators at salinities of 20 and 25 ppt. The ability of stone crabs to physiologically shift from being conformers to regulators is important for predicting how the species may respond to future changes in salinity associated with freshwater runoff or hypersaline events that are triggered by marine heat waves.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"595 ","pages":"Article 152171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing behavioral and physiological changes in threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) with changing thermal regimes in the Canadian Pacific west coast","authors":"Angelina L. Hajji,&nbsp;Kelsey N. Lucas","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the impacts of sea temperature changes on marine fishes' physiology and behavior is critical for marine ecosystem management. Around Vancouver Island, threespine stickleback (<em>Gasterosteus aculeatus</em>) populations thrive in areas that differ by ±10 °C. To understand the acclimation capacity of stickleback, fish were exposed to cold (10 °C), control (15 °C), or warm (20 °C) water treatments for 4 weeks. Their acclimation response was tested using the novel tank test (NTT), black-white test (BWT), measuring growth, determining critical thermal maxima (CT_max), and measuring heat shock proteins (HSPs). We found that CT_max differed significantly between treatments, however, the increase in acclimation temperature was not proportional to the increase in CT_max. In the BWT, the average number of crosses and duration that fish spent in the white zone was lower in the cold treatment than the control, while these metrics were higher in the warm treatment. A similar trend was observed in the NTT test, with warm treatment having the highest number of crosses and duration in the top third of the tank, and the cold treatment having the lowest. Surprisingly, fish in the cold treatment had a significantly greater change in weight and lowest HSP content than fish kept in the other treatments, which may be associated with energy expenditure and trade-offs for activity. Given these results, greater trade-offs in fish energy usage are anticipated in changing climates due to the acclimation limits of their bodies which would starkly affect ecosystem dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"595 ","pages":"Article 152168"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermohaline responses of the blooming non-indigenous Cnidostoma fallax Vanhöffen, 1911 (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa), from Patos Lagoon Estuary, Brazil, and adjacent coastal area","authors":"Guilherme von Montfort ,&nbsp;Vitória Rodrigues de Lemos ,&nbsp;Douglas da Silva-Rodrigues ,&nbsp;Erik Muxagata ,&nbsp;Renato Mitsuo Nagata","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152167","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-density populations of the non-indigenous hydromedusa <em>Cnidostoma fallax</em> <span><span>Vanhöffen, 1911</span></span> have been recorded in the Southwest Atlantic, reaching maximum numbers of 11,000 ind.m⁻³. Salinity and temperature conditions are key factors determining the survival and reproductive success of this species, as they trigger bloom events. We conducted experiments with immature medusae of <em>C. fallax</em> from the Patos Lagoon Estuary, Southern Brazil to evaluate mortality, medusae bud production, and growth ratio. Medusae were cultured for seven days under four experimental conditions: two temperatures (15 °C and 20 °C) and two salinities (10 and 30). High temperatures and salinities combined increased mortality and inhibited bud production (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), while low temperature in both salinity regimes (10 and 30) reduced mortality and increased bud production (p &lt; 0.01). The maximum number of buds released was 0.52 ± 1.18 buds medusa⁻¹ day⁻¹ (mean of 0.15 ± 0.61) under 15 °C and 10 salinity. Growth ratio was significantly affected by both temperature and salinity (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). This study provides the first insights into the survival and reproduction conditions of <em>C. fallax</em> on different hydrological conditions. The species sensitivity to elevated temperature and salinity suggests a source-sink dynamic, with brackish estuarine conditions supporting populations while coastal and higher salinity waters act as sinks. These insights corroborate previous observations on the species population dynamics. Our results are crucial for predicting potential expansion regions of this exotic species, understanding the environmental conditions in which the species thrives, and assessing its potential mechanisms of invasion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"595 ","pages":"Article 152167"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hypoosmotic stress might endanger survival of the mysid Neomysis integer despite activation of ion transport ATPases","authors":"Konstanze Brinkop,&nbsp;Elisa Lehmann,&nbsp;Jan-Peter Hildebrandt,&nbsp;Alexander Wacker","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Animals in coastal habitats are exposed to strong environmental variability. Especially in shallow aquatic systems, salinity changes occur within hours and require osmotic and metabolic adjustments of the affected organisms. We aim to understand how marine invertebrates can adjust to sudden changes in salinity, and studied the physiological responses of the mysid <em>Neomysis integer</em> from a brackish estuary in the southern Baltic Sea. The salinity of the habitat was 7.5 PSU. In several laboratory experiments we measured enzyme activity, respiration and survival. Salinities ranged from 2 to 33 and exposure times from a few hours to 3 weeks. Enzyme activities of Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase and V-ATPase were highest at a salinity of 2. The immediate reaction of the mysids to the transfer to a final salinity of 2 was a transient decrease in respiration rate, which then continuously increased during the next 96 h. In contrast, mysid transfer to a salinity of 13 did not result in immediate changes in respiration rates but resulted in a slight increase in respiration rate over the following 96 h. Survival was highest at a salinity of 7.5 and 13 and lowest at 2. Our results show that exposure of animals to a salinity of 2 induces a stressful condition that requires individual physiological responses. We suggest that potential desalination of coastal water bodies in the Baltic Sea driven by climate change may have critical implications for mysid population development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"595 ","pages":"Article 152166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing sponge resilience to ocean acidification in natural reef environments","authors":"James J. Bell ,&nbsp;Megan Shaffer ,&nbsp;Heidi M. Luter ,&nbsp;Ralph Mana ,&nbsp;Valerio Micaroni ,&nbsp;Mahé Dumas ,&nbsp;Riccardo Rodolfo-Metalpa","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sponges are key components of coral reefs globally providing a range of important functional roles. While sponges are under threat from the impacts of global climate change, there is an emerging picture of sponge tolerance to ocean acidification (OA). However, to date all physiological studies on sponge tolerance to OA have been under ex-situ experimental conditions and only for a limited number of sponge species. Instead, here we used in situ incubation chambers to measure chlorophyll concentrations and oxygen fluxes for two common Indo-Pacific sponge species (<em>Melophlus sarasinorum</em> and <em>Neopetrosia chaliniformis</em>) at a natural CO₂ vent (pH_T 7.6–7.7) and control site in Papua New Guinea. We also explored differences between the sponge microbial community composition between control and vent locations for <em>N. chaliniformis</em>. We found very low concentrations of chlorophyll in both species, compared to other sponges, suggesting these species are largely heterotrophic. We also found little evidence for any physiological differences between vent and control sponges, and no differences in the overall microbial communities, except some specific microbes. Overall, our results support the emerging evidence that heterotrophic sponges will likely be resilient to future ocean acidification.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"595 ","pages":"Article 152164"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146039176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecological impact of macroalgae secondary metabolites on fatty acid and amino acid profiles of A. lixula sea urchin in the Mediterranean Sea","authors":"Manuela Mauro ,&nbsp;Rosario Badalamenti ,&nbsp;Giovanna Cafeo ,&nbsp;Valentina Chiaia ,&nbsp;Danilo Donnarumma ,&nbsp;Mirella Vazzana ,&nbsp;Vincenzo Arizza ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Micalizzi ,&nbsp;Paola Dugo ,&nbsp;Luigi Mondello ,&nbsp;Francesca Falco","doi":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jembe.2026.152169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The introduction of non-native species into marine ecosystems can alter trophic interactions and influence the physiology of native organisms. Understanding these biochemical interactions is essential to assess the ecological impact of these species on local biodiversity. For the first time, the following study evaluates the effects of different macroalgae secondary metabolites on fatty acid and amino acid profiles of sea urchin <em>Arbacia lixula</em> (Linnaeus, 1758) from the Mediterranean Sea. The macroalgae involved in this study were <em>Ericaria brachycarpa</em>, an endemic species of the Mediterranean, and <em>Asparagopsis taxiformis</em>, an allochthonous invasive species. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and gas chromatography-flame ionization detection (GC-FID) techniques were employed for the elucidation of the fatty acids, while amino acids were investigated by means of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD). The impact of macroalgae metabolites on the fatty acids and amino acids in <em>A. lixula</em> species was evaluated after exposures at 24 and 48 h. Analytical results revealed that <em>E. brachycarpa</em> and <em>A. taxiformis</em> metabolites determined a significant change in levels of fatty acids (PUFAs, MUFAs, and SFAs) compared to untreated <em>A. lixula</em> species in accordance with their susceptibility to oxidation mechanisms. Also, macroalgae secondary metabolites induced distinct and time dependent metabolic reprogramming in <em>A. lixula</em> uncovering a biphasic oxidative stress response, membrane remodeling, and amino acids compensation mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50197,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology","volume":"595 ","pages":"Article 152169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146189692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}