Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition最新文献_第4页

No evidence for chunking in spatial memory of route experience. 没有证据表明路线经验的空间记忆是分块的。

IF 2.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1037/xlm0001317

Jesse Q Sargent, Lauren L Richmond, Devin M Kellis, Maverick E Smith, Jeffrey M Zacks

{"title":"No evidence for chunking in spatial memory of route experience.","authors":"Jesse Q Sargent, Lauren L Richmond, Devin M Kellis, Maverick E Smith, Jeffrey M Zacks","doi":"10.1037/xlm0001317","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xlm0001317","url":null,"abstract":"Spatial memory is important for supporting the successful completion of everyday activities and is a particularly vulnerable domain in late life. Grouping items together in memory, or chunking, can improve spatial memory performance. In memory for desktop scale spaces and well-learned large-scale environments, error patterns suggest that information is chunked in memory. However, the chunking mechanisms involved in learning new large-scale, navigable environments are poorly understood. In five experiments, two of which included young and older adult samples, participants watched movies depicting routes through building-sized environments while attempting to remember the locations of cued objects. We tested memory for the cued objects with virtual pointing, distance estimation, and map drawing tasks after participants viewed each route. Patterns of error failed to show consistent evidence of chunking in spatial memory across all experiments. One possibility is that chunking in spatial memory relies on visual perceptual grouping mechanisms that are not in play during encoding of large-scale spaces encountered through extended route experiences that do not afford concurrent viewing of target locations. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138812359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The lab discovered: Place-for-institution metonyms appearing in subject position are processed as agents. 实验室发现出现在主语位置上的 "地点换机构 "中隐语被作为代理处理。

IF 2.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1037/xlm0001314

Matthew W Lowder, Adrian Zhou, Peter C Gordon

{"title":"The lab discovered: Place-for-institution metonyms appearing in subject position are processed as agents.","authors":"Matthew W Lowder, Adrian Zhou, Peter C Gordon","doi":"10.1037/xlm0001314","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xlm0001314","url":null,"abstract":"\"Hospital\" can refer to a physical place or more figuratively to the people associated with it. Such place-for-institution metonyms are common in everyday language, but there remain several open questions in the literature regarding how they are processed. The goal of the current eyetracking experiments was to investigate how metonyms are interpreted when they appear as sentence subjects in structures that are temporarily syntactically ambiguous versus unambiguous (e.g., \"The hospital [that was] requested by the doctor…\"). If comprehenders have a bias to interpret metonyms in subject position as agents (Fishbein & Harris, 2014), they should initially access the figurative (institutional) sense of the metonym. This interpretation is rendered incorrect at the disambiguating by-phrase, which should lead to reanalysis (i.e., garden-path effects). In Experiment 1, larger garden-path effects were observed for metonyms compared to inanimate control nouns that did not have a figurative sense. In Experiment 2, garden-path effects were equivalent for metonyms and animate sentence subjects. In addition, there was some evidence that readers exhibited initial difficulty at the verb (e.g., \"requested\") when it immediately followed the metonym compared to the inanimate control nouns in Experiment 1. Overall, the results suggest that the subject-as-agent heuristic is a powerful cue during sentence processing, which can prompt the comprehender to access a figurative interpretation of a metonym. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138812499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The modulation and elimination of temporal organization in free recall. 自由回忆中时间组织的调节和消除。

IF 2.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-21 DOI: 10.1037/xlm0001311

Min Kyung Hong, Jordan B Gunn, Lisa K Fazio, Sean M Polyn

{"title":"The modulation and elimination of temporal organization in free recall.","authors":"Min Kyung Hong, Jordan B Gunn, Lisa K Fazio, Sean M Polyn","doi":"10.1037/xlm0001311","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xlm0001311","url":null,"abstract":"Experiences occur in a continual succession, and the temporal structure of those experiences is often preserved in memory. The temporal contiguity effect of free recall reveals the temporal structure of memory: when a particular item is remembered, the next response is likely to come from a nearby list position. This effect is remarkably robust, appearing across a wide variety of methodological variations of the task. The temporal contiguity effect is also central to retrieved-context models, which propose temporal organization arises from the interaction of a temporal context representation with the contents of memory. Across six experiments, we demonstrate methodological manipulations that dramatically modulate and even eliminate temporal organization in free recall. We find that temporal organization is strongly modulated and in some cases potentially eliminated by strong semantic structure, the presence of retrieval practice, and a long list length. Other factors such as orienting task, paired-associate item structure, and retention interval duration have more subtle effects on temporal organization. In an accompanying set of simulations, we show that the modulation and elimination of the temporal organization follows lawful patterns predicted by the context maintenance and retrieval (CMR) retrieved-context model. We also find cases where CMR does not specifically predict the modulation of temporal organization, and in these cases our analysis suggests how the theory might be developed to account for these effects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adaptive processing in word production: Evidence from picture-word interference studies. 单词生成中的适应性加工：图片-文字干扰研究的证据。

IF 2.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-25 DOI: 10.1037/xlm0001316

Jörg D Jescheniak, Stefan Wöhner, Herbert Schriefers

{"title":"Adaptive processing in word production: Evidence from picture-word interference studies.","authors":"Jörg D Jescheniak, Stefan Wöhner, Herbert Schriefers","doi":"10.1037/xlm0001316","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xlm0001316","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptive models of word production hold that lexical processing is shaped by recent production episodes. In particular, the models proposed by Howard et al. (2006) and Oppenheim et al. (2010) assume that the connection strength between semantic and lexical representations is updated continuously, on each use of a word. These changes make semantically related competitor words to a selected target word (e.g., \"cherry\" or \"grape\" for the target word \"apple\") less accessible for future retrieval. We put this assumption to a novel test in two picture-word interference experiments. The experiments looked at semantic interference (longer picture naming latencies in the presence of a semantically related distractor word compared to an unrelated distractor word; the effect is assumed to reflect the activation of competitor words to a target word) and its development across repeated naming. Across two times of measurement, semantically related distractor words (and their unrelated controls) were either identical (fixed target-distractor mapping, e.g., either distractor \"cherry\" or distractor \"grape\" for the target word \"apple\" at both times of measurement) or different (variable target-distractor mapping, e.g., distractor \"cherry\" at first time of measurement and distractor \"grape\" at second time of measurement or vice versa). Semantic interference was reduced at the second time of measurement, and this reduction was found with both fixed and variable target-distractor mapping. This generalization to new target-distractor combinations provides strong novel support for the notion of production-dependent changes in lexical accessibility as captured by adaptive models of word production. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139038152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparing partial repetition costs in two- and four-choice tasks: Evidence for abstract relational codes. 比较二选一和四选一任务中的部分重复成本：抽象关系代码的证据

IF 2.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1037/xlm0001318

Eliot Hazeltine, Iring Koch, Daniel H Weissman

{"title":"Comparing partial repetition costs in two- and four-choice tasks: Evidence for abstract relational codes.","authors":"Eliot Hazeltine, Iring Koch, Daniel H Weissman","doi":"10.1037/xlm0001318","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xlm0001318","url":null,"abstract":"Responses are slower in two-choice tasks when either a previous stimulus feature or the previous response repeats than when all features repeat or all features change. Current views of action control posit that such partial repetition costs (PRCs) index the time to update a prior \"binding\" between a stimulus feature and the response or to resolve processing conflicts between retrieved and current features. However, violating a heuristic that stimulus feature repetitions and changes \"signal\" repetitions or changes of the previous response, respectively, may also contribute to such costs. To determine whether such relational codes affect performance, we compared PRCs in two- and four-choice tasks. While a stimulus feature repetition signals a response repetition in both tasks, a stimulus feature change signals a specific alternative response only in a two-choice task. Consistent with the signaling hypothesis, we observed similar complete repetition benefits in the two- and four-choice tasks but smaller complete change benefits in the four-choice task. We also investigated whether the smaller complete change benefit in the four-choice task-that is, the signaling effect-varies with the validity of the signal in the previous trial. In all four experiments, we observed a larger signaling effect after trials in which stimulus changes or repetitions corresponded to response changes or repetitions, respectively, than after trials in which stimulus changes did not correspond with response changes. We conclude that signaling contributes to PRCs, which indicates that bindings include relational codes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138812409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Putting language switching in context: Effects of sentence context and interlocutors on bilingual switching. 在语境中进行语言转换：句子语境和对话者对双语转换的影响。

IF 2.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1037/xlm0001309

Angela de Bruin, Veniamin Shiron

{"title":"Putting language switching in context: Effects of sentence context and interlocutors on bilingual switching.","authors":"Angela de Bruin, Veniamin Shiron","doi":"10.1037/xlm0001309","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xlm0001309","url":null,"abstract":"Many bilinguals switch languages in daily-life conversations. Although this usually happens within sentence context and with another speaker, most research on the cognitive mechanisms underlying the production of language switches has studied individual words. Here, we examined how context influences both switching frequency and the temporal cost associated with it. Sixty Bulgarian-English bilinguals named pictures in their language of choice without any context, in a sentence context, and in interaction with another (recorded) bilingual. Switching frequency was lower, and costs higher, when bilinguals switched languages with context than without context. This suggests switching costs were not an artifact of tasks without context. Furthermore, both switching frequency and costs correlated across the tasks. In addition, we examined the potential influence of sentence context and the conversation partner. Predictability in sentence context has previously been argued to reduce language competition, which in turn could influence switching. We therefore compared sentences with a predictable or unpredictable target word. As hypothesized, bilinguals were less likely to switch languages when a word was predictable in its sentence context, potentially because words in the other language were less active. The conversation partner's overall switching behaviour had little impact on a bilingual's general switching rate, showing relatively low global alignment. However, local alignment was observed as switching was influenced by the partner's switching in the immediately preceding utterance. Together, these findings show that while production tasks without context can reliably measure switching costs, studying effects of context is necessary to better capture a bilingual's language-switching behavior. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138812480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Using unobserved causes to explain unexpected outcomes: The effect of existing causal knowledge on protection from extinction by a hidden cause. 利用未观察到的原因解释意外结果：现有因果知识对隐性原因保护生物免于灭绝的影响。

IF 2.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1037/xlm0001306

Julie Y L Chow, Jessica C Lee, Peter F Lovibond

{"title":"Using unobserved causes to explain unexpected outcomes: The effect of existing causal knowledge on protection from extinction by a hidden cause.","authors":"Julie Y L Chow, Jessica C Lee, Peter F Lovibond","doi":"10.1037/xlm0001306","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xlm0001306","url":null,"abstract":"People often rely on the covariation between events to infer causality. However, covariation between cues and outcomes may change over time. In the associative learning literature, extinction provides a model to study updating of causal beliefs when a previously established relationship no longer holds. Prediction error theories can explain both extinction and protection from extinction when an inhibitory (preventive) cue is present during extinction. In three experiments using the allergist causal learning task, we found that protection could also be achieved by a hidden cause that was inferred but not physically present, so long as that cause was a plausible preventer of the outcome. We additionally showed complete protection by a physically presented cue that was neutral rather than inhibitory at the outset of extinction. Both findings are difficult to reconcile with dominant prediction error theories. However, they are compatible with the idea of theory protection, where the learner attributes the absence of the outcome to the added cue (when present) or to a hidden cause, and therefore does not need to revise causal beliefs about A. Our results suggest that prediction error encourages changes in causal beliefs, but the nature of the change is determined by reasoning processes that incorporate existing knowledge of causal mechanisms and may be biased toward preservation of existing beliefs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138812500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Free time-induced retroactive effects in working memory: Evidence from the single-gap paradigm. 工作记忆中自由时间诱导的追溯效应：来自单间隙范式的证据

IF 2.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1037/xlm0001313

Ruoyu Lu, Yinuo Xu, Jiyu Xu, Tengfei Wang, Zhi Li

{"title":"Free time-induced retroactive effects in working memory: Evidence from the single-gap paradigm.","authors":"Ruoyu Lu, Yinuo Xu, Jiyu Xu, Tengfei Wang, Zhi Li","doi":"10.1037/xlm0001313","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xlm0001313","url":null,"abstract":"Free time in a working memory task often improves the recall performances of the to-be-remembered items. It is still debated whether the free-time effect in working memory is purely proactive, purely retroactive, or both proactive and retroactive. In the present study, we used the single-gap paradigm to explore this question. In Experiment 1, we measured the gap-length effect (i.e., the difference in memory performance elicited by the gap-length difference) under three long-short-gap combinations (i.e., 2,500 ms/100 ms, 2,500 ms/500 ms, 2,500 ms/1,000 ms). Proactive effects have been observed in all the three combinations whereas retroactive effects have only been found in two of them (i.e., 2,500 ms/100 ms, 2,500 ms/500 ms). To rule out the possibility that the retroactive effects found in Experiment 1 were simply due to the temporal grouping caused by the gap, in Experiment 2, the 2,500 ms/500 ms combination was retested, with the memory materials being changed from letters (the material used in Experiment 1) to words. The results showed that the range of the retroactive effect (i.e., the number of affected memory items prior to the gap) increased when the memory material changed from letters to words, which cannot be explained by temporal grouping. Taken together, the two experiments provided solid evidence that free time in working memory could produce both retroactive and proactive effects that cannot be explained by temporal grouping. These findings also provide insight into the underlying mechanism of working memory, for example, whether rehearsal would occur during the free time. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138812415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The (dis)engagement of different components of inhibitory control in trilingual language control. 三语语言控制中抑制控制的不同组成部分（不）参与。

IF 2.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-14 DOI: 10.1037/xlm0001315

Yifei Gong, Klavs Hansen, Jianlin Chen

{"title":"The (dis)engagement of different components of inhibitory control in trilingual language control.","authors":"Yifei Gong, Klavs Hansen, Jianlin Chen","doi":"10.1037/xlm0001315","DOIUrl":"10.1037/xlm0001315","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the worldwide prevalence of multilingualism, the knowledge of the relationship between domain-general cognitive control and multilingual language control remains scant. Here we provide new insights into this issue by examining systematically how different components of inhibitory control (i.e., response inhibition and interference suppression) contribute to language control in multilingual populations with high L2 proficiency. To this end, 65 Tibetan-Chinese-English trilinguals highly proficient in L2 were recruited to complete three tasks: a picture-naming task measuring the performance of online trilingual speech production, and two nonlinguistic tasks, a go/no-go task and a Simon task, as proxies for measuring response inhibition and interference suppression abilities, respectively. Using mixed-effects modeling, we analyzed both the trilingual language switching/nonswitching performances and their correlations with these two components of inhibitory control. Our data revealed unexpected patterns of reversed language dominance effect and (a)symmetries in switch costs. Notably, interaction analysis revealed that while response inhibition was robustly engaged in trilingual language control, interference suppression did not appear to play a role. Taken together, our study suggests that, for trilingual speakers highly proficient in L2, the recruitment of different subprocesses of inhibitory control in lexical access was selective and was constrained to reactive and local-level language control. We conclude by discussing theoretical implications. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138812497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The benefits of memory control processes in working memory: Comparing effects of self-reported and instructed strategy use. 工作记忆中记忆控制过程的益处：比较自我报告和指导策略使用的效果。

IF 2.2 2区心理学

Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition Pub Date : 2024-06-27 DOI: 10.1037/xlm0001370

Lea M Bartsch, Alessandra S Souza, Klaus Oberauer

{"title":"The benefits of memory control processes in working memory: Comparing effects of self-reported and instructed strategy use.","authors":"Lea M Bartsch, Alessandra S Souza, Klaus Oberauer","doi":"10.1037/xlm0001370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/xlm0001370","url":null,"abstract":"Working memory performance is often assumed to benefit from different maintenance control strategies such as rehearsal, refreshing, elaboration, and grouping. In studies assessing strategy self-reports, some strategies were indeed associated with better recall. Nevertheless, experimental studies assessing the effect of instructing maintenance strategies compared to a no-instruction baseline lend no evidence for the effectiveness of these strategies for working memory. Explanations for this contradiction could be that instruction implementation engenders dual-task costs or that strategy instructions reduce adaptive strategy switching. Across two experiments, we investigated the frequency and variability of strategy use with trial-wise self-reports in serial recall of word lists. Furthermore, we examined potential instruction costs by comparing performance in trials with self-reported versus instructed use of the same strategies. Self-reported strategy use varied from trial to trial, with elaboration and rehearsal being the most frequent. Self-reported elaboration was correlated with better performance than reading and rehearsal. For the most prevalent strategies-elaboration and rehearsal-there were no costs of instructed strategy implementation. Our results speak against dual-task costs and for the advantage of adaptively choosing one's own strategy from trial to trial. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":50194,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Psychology-Learning Memory and Cognition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141460492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0