Journal of Infectious Diseases最新文献_第4页

Do Pregnant Persons Want Influenza Vaccines? Knowledge, Attitudes, Perceptions, and Practices Toward Influenza Vaccines in 8 Low- and Middle-Income Countries. 孕妇想要接种流感疫苗吗？8 个中低收入国家对流感疫苗的认识、态度、看法和做法。

IF 5 2区医学

Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae340

Margaret McCarron, Tat S Yau, Chelsey Griffin, Perrine Marcenac, Malembe S Ebama, Kathryn E Lafond, Ledor S Igboh, Lindsey M Duca, Silvia Bino, Jihene Bettaieb, Sonia Dhaouadi, Gayane Sahakyan, Imad Cherkaoui, Loubna Alj, Daouda Coulibaly, Julius J Lutwama, Alfred Douba, Anderson N'Gattia, Viengphone Khanthamaly, Chankham Tengbriacheu, Chansay Patthammavong, Philipp Lambach, Dinagul Otorbaeva, Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner, Joseph S Bresee

{"title":"Do Pregnant Persons Want Influenza Vaccines? Knowledge, Attitudes, Perceptions, and Practices Toward Influenza Vaccines in 8 Low- and Middle-Income Countries.","authors":"Margaret McCarron, Tat S Yau, Chelsey Griffin, Perrine Marcenac, Malembe S Ebama, Kathryn E Lafond, Ledor S Igboh, Lindsey M Duca, Silvia Bino, Jihene Bettaieb, Sonia Dhaouadi, Gayane Sahakyan, Imad Cherkaoui, Loubna Alj, Daouda Coulibaly, Julius J Lutwama, Alfred Douba, Anderson N'Gattia, Viengphone Khanthamaly, Chankham Tengbriacheu, Chansay Patthammavong, Philipp Lambach, Dinagul Otorbaeva, Eduardo Azziz-Baumgartner, Joseph S Bresee","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae340","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae340","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Vaccination is the most effective way to prevent influenza infection and adverse outcomes; despite global recommendations to vaccinate pregnant persons, access to influenza vaccines remains low. We explored knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pregnant persons to inform actions to improve vaccine uptake.Methods: We pooled data from cross-sectional surveys assessing pregnant persons' attitudes toward influenza vaccines in 8 low- and middle-income countries. Countries used standard methods to measure attitudes and intents toward influenza vaccination. We stratified by presence/absence of a national influenza vaccination program, income group, geographic region, and individual-level factors.Results: Our analysis included 8556 pregnant persons from 8 countries. Most pregnant persons (6323, 74%) were willing to receive influenza vaccine if it was offered for free. Willingness differed by presence of an existing influenza vaccination program; acceptance was higher in countries without programs (2383, 89%) than in those with programs (3940, 67%, P < .001).Conclusions: Most pregnant persons in middle-income countries, regardless of influenza vaccination program status, were willing to be vaccinated against influenza if the vaccine was provided free of charge. National investments in influenza vaccination programs present an opportunity to avert illness both in pregnant persons themselves and in their newborn babies.","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e213-e224"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11693768/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141494065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Persistence of an Infectious Form of SARS-CoV-2 After Protease Inhibitor Treatment of Permissive Cells In Vitro. 蛋白酶抑制剂处理体外容许细胞后，SARS-CoV-2 的感染形式持续存在。

IF 5 2区医学

Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae385

Manoj S Nair, Maria I Luck, Yaoxing Huang, Yosef Sabo, David D Ho

{"title":"Persistence of an Infectious Form of SARS-CoV-2 After Protease Inhibitor Treatment of Permissive Cells In Vitro.","authors":"Manoj S Nair, Maria I Luck, Yaoxing Huang, Yosef Sabo, David D Ho","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae385","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae385","url":null,"abstract":"Reports have described severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rebound in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients treated with nirmatrelvir, a 3CL protease inhibitor. The cause remains a mystery, although drug resistance, reinfection, and lack of adequate immune responses have been excluded. We now present virologic findings that provide a clue to the cause of viral rebound, which occurs in approximately 20% of the treated cases. Persistence of infectious SARS-CoV-2 was experimentally documented in vitro after treatment with nirmatrelvir or another 3CL protease inhibitor, but not with a polymerase inhibitor, remdesivir. This infectious form decayed slowly with a half-life of approximately 1 day, suggesting that its persistence could outlive the treatment course to reignite SARS-CoV-2 infection as the drug is eliminated. Notably, extending nirmatrelvir treatment beyond 8 days abolished viral rebound in vitro. Our findings point in a particular direction for future investigation of virus persistence and offer a specific treatment recommendation that should be tested clinically.","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e68-e76"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11793057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141917961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficacy and Safety of Pimodivir Combined With Standard of Care in Hospitalized and Nonhospitalized High-Risk Adolescents and Adults With Influenza A Infection. 皮莫地韦联合标准护理对感染甲型流感的住院和非住院高危青少年和成人的疗效和安全性。

IF 5 2区医学

Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae408

Lorant Leopold, Johan Vingerhoets, Sofie Deleu, Catherine Nalpas, Karin Weber, Ilse van Dromme, David Lowson, Bart Michiels, Wilbert van Duijnhoven

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Pimodivir Combined With Standard of Care in Hospitalized and Nonhospitalized High-Risk Adolescents and Adults With Influenza A Infection.","authors":"Lorant Leopold, Johan Vingerhoets, Sofie Deleu, Catherine Nalpas, Karin Weber, Ilse van Dromme, David Lowson, Bart Michiels, Wilbert van Duijnhoven","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae408","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae408","url":null,"abstract":"Background: An unmet need exists for effective antivirals to treat patients hospitalized with influenza. The results of 2 phase 3 studies that evaluated the efficacy and safety of pimodivir in combination with investigator-chosen standard of care (SoC) treatment are presented.Methods: Hospitalized patients (hospital study; NCT03376321) and high-risk outpatients (outpatient study; NCT03381196) with laboratory-confirmed influenza A infection were randomized 1:1 to 600 mg pimodivir twice daily + SoC or placebo twice daily + SoC for 5 days. For most patients, SoC included oseltamivir. Primary end points were Hospital Recovery Scale (HRS) at day 6 (hospital study) and median time to resolution (TTR) of influenza-related symptoms (outpatient study).Results: Pimodivir + SoC (oseltamivir) treatment showed no clinical benefit over placebo + SoC on HRS at day 6 (common odds ratio, 0.943; 95% confidence interval [CI], .609-1.462; P = .397; hospital study). A shorter median TTR of 7 symptoms was estimated with pimodivir + SoC versus placebo (92.6 hours; 95% CI, 77.6-104.2 vs 105.1 hours; 95% CI, 92.7-128.6; P = .0216; outpatient study).Conclusions: Pimodivir + SoC showed no additional clinical benefit versus SoC treatment alone in hospitalized patients. Pimodivir + SoC demonstrated shorter TTR of influenza symptoms versus placebo + SoC in high-risk outpatients.Clinical trial registration: NCT03376321 and NCT03381196.","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e132-e143"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11793051/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142037617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of Predictive Models for Severe Dengue: Logistic Regression, Classification Tree, and the Structural Equation Model. 使用逻辑回归、分类树和结构方程模型对严重登革热的预测模型进行比较。

IF 5 2区医学

Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae366

Hyelan Lee, Anon Srikiatkhachorn, Siripen Kalayanarooj, Aaron R Farmer, Sangshin Park

{"title":"Comparison of Predictive Models for Severe Dengue: Logistic Regression, Classification Tree, and the Structural Equation Model.","authors":"Hyelan Lee, Anon Srikiatkhachorn, Siripen Kalayanarooj, Aaron R Farmer, Sangshin Park","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae366","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae366","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This study aimed to compare the predictive performance of 3 statistical models-logistic regression, classification tree, and structural equation model (SEM)-in predicting severe dengue illness.Methods: We adopted a modified classification of dengue illness severity based on the World Health Organization's 1997 guideline. We constructed predictive models using demographic factors and laboratory indicators on the day of fever occurrence, with data from 2 hospital cohorts in Thailand (257 Thai children). Different predictive models for each category of severe dengue illness were developed employing logistic regression, classification tree, and SEM. The model's discrimination abilties were analyzed with external validation data sets from 55 and 700 patients not used in model development.Results: From external validation based on predictors on the day of presentation to the hospital, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was from 0.65 to 0.84 for the regression models from 0.73 to 0.85 for SEMs. Classification tree models showed good results of sensitivity (0.95 to 0.99) but poor specificity (0.10 to 0.44).Conclusions: Our study showed that SEM is comparable to logistic regression or classification tree, which was widely used for predicting severe forms of dengue.","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"241-250"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11793037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141793925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Evolution of Tuberculosis Community Transmission Science and Its Ethical and Legal Constructs. 结核病社区传播科学的演变及其伦理与法律建构。

IF 5 2区医学

Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae612

Cynthia L Sears, Maunank Shah

引用次数: 0

Associations Between Histo-blood Group Antigen Status in Mother-Infant Dyads and Infant Oral Rotavirus Vaccine Immunogenicity in Rural Zimbabwe. 津巴布韦农村地区母婴二人组血型抗原状态与婴儿口服轮状病毒疫苗免疫原性之间的关系。

IF 5 2区医学

Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae456

Joshua Pun, Ceri Evans, Bernard Chasekwa, James A Church, Ethan Gough, Kuda Mutasa, Sandra Rukobo, Margaret Govha, Patience Mushayanembwa, Florence D Majo, Naume V Tavengwa, Jean H Humphrey, Beth D Kirkpatrick, Margaret Kosek, Robert Ntozini, Andrew J Prendergast

{"title":"Associations Between Histo-blood Group Antigen Status in Mother-Infant Dyads and Infant Oral Rotavirus Vaccine Immunogenicity in Rural Zimbabwe.","authors":"Joshua Pun, Ceri Evans, Bernard Chasekwa, James A Church, Ethan Gough, Kuda Mutasa, Sandra Rukobo, Margaret Govha, Patience Mushayanembwa, Florence D Majo, Naume V Tavengwa, Jean H Humphrey, Beth D Kirkpatrick, Margaret Kosek, Robert Ntozini, Andrew J Prendergast","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae456","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae456","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Histo-blood group antigen (HBGA) phenotypes may contribute to poor oral rotavirus vaccine (RVV) immunogenicity, since rotavirus binds intestinal epithelial HBGA glycans, while maternal HBGA status shapes breastmilk composition, which influences the composition of the infant microbiome. We investigated associations between maternal/infant HBGA phenotypes and RVV immunogenicity in rural Zimbabwe.Methods: We undertook salivary FUT2/FUT3 phenotyping in mother-infant pairs. Serum anti-rotavirus immunoglobulin A was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We explored adjusted associations between FUT2/FUT3 status and RVV seroconversion (primary outcome, n = 322) and seropositivity and geometric mean titer (secondary outcomes, n = 776).Results: Infants of FUT2- or FUT3-positive women were less likely to seroconvert post-RVV than infants of FUT2- or FUT3-negative women (FUT2 positive [20.1%] vs FUT2 negative [27.5%]: adjusted relative risk [aRR], 0.47; 95% CI, .26-.82; P = .008; FUT3 positive [18.1%] vs FUT3 negative [30.0%]: aRR, 0.45; 95% CI, .25-.78; P = .005). When compared with FUT2-positive infants with FUT2-positive mothers, FUT2-positive infants with FUT2-negative mothers were twice as likely to seroconvert (36.8% vs 21.9%; aRR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.23-3.63; P = .006). When compared with FUT3-positive infants with FUT3-positive mothers, FUT3-positive infants with FUT3-negative mothers were 3 times as likely to seroconvert (48.3% vs 18.2%; aRR, 2.99; 95% CI, 1.82-4.90; P < .001).Conclusions: Maternal and infant FUT2 and FUT3 status influences infant RVV immunogenicity.","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e225-e233"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11793023/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Establishment of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System Harboring an HiBiT-Tag in the PreS2 Region. 建立一个在 PreS2 区域携带 HiBiT 标记的乙型肝炎病毒报告系统。

IF 5 2区医学

Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae353

Yuki Nakaya, Daichi Onomura, Yuji Hoshi, Tomoko Yamagata, Hiromi Morita, Hiroaki Okamoto, Kazumoto Murata

{"title":"Establishment of a Hepatitis B Virus Reporter System Harboring an HiBiT-Tag in the PreS2 Region.","authors":"Yuki Nakaya, Daichi Onomura, Yuji Hoshi, Tomoko Yamagata, Hiromi Morita, Hiroaki Okamoto, Kazumoto Murata","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae353","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae353","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Approximately 296 million people have chronic hepatitis B (CHB) caused by hepatitis B virus (HBV). Current standard treatment, nucleos(t)ide analogs, are not efficient enough to eradicate HBV from the hepatocytes. Thus, developing new drugs for CHB is needed to achieve complete cure.Methods: Here we established a novel HBV reporter system, HBV-HiBiT-PS2, to screen new drugs for CHB. HBV-HiBiT-PS2 was constructed by adding an HiBiT-tag at the 5' end of preS2 and introduced this into HepG2-NTCP cells. Culture supernatant containing HBV-HiBiT-PS2 virions was fractionated by sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation to characterize their components. Replication kinetics and reporter function of HBV-HiBiT-PS2 were determined by analyzing the parameters for HBV replication in the presence or absence of HBV inhibitors.Results: HBV-HiBiT-PS2 could be used for monitoring most of the replication cycle of HBV. The effects of well-characterized HBV inhibitors could be evaluated by the HiBiT activity. HBV-HiBiT-PS2 could be specialized for screening secretion inhibitors for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) because most of the HiBiT activity was derived from subviral particles which are the multimers of HBsAg.Conclusions: We demonstrated that HBV-HiBiT-PS2 would be a robust tool for screening novel drugs, especially HBsAg secretion inhibitors, targeted against CHB.","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"204-213"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Innate and Cellular Immune Response to the Ebola Vaccine Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo: An Ancillary Study of the EBL2001 Phase 2 Trial. 对埃博拉疫苗 Ad26.ZEBOV、MVA-BN-Filo 的先天和细胞免疫反应：EBL2001 II 期试验的辅助研究。

IF 5 2区医学

Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae360

Christine Lacabaratz, Mélany Durand, Aurélie Wiedemann, Emile Foucat, Mathieu Surénaud, Corinne Krief, Lydia Guillaumat, Cynthia Robinson, Kerstin Luhn, Viki Bockstal, Rodolphe Thiébaut, Laura Richert, Yves Lévy

{"title":"Innate and Cellular Immune Response to the Ebola Vaccine Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo: An Ancillary Study of the EBL2001 Phase 2 Trial.","authors":"Christine Lacabaratz, Mélany Durand, Aurélie Wiedemann, Emile Foucat, Mathieu Surénaud, Corinne Krief, Lydia Guillaumat, Cynthia Robinson, Kerstin Luhn, Viki Bockstal, Rodolphe Thiébaut, Laura Richert, Yves Lévy","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae360","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae360","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The EBL2001 phase 2 trial tested the 2-dose Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo Ebola vaccine in Europe. Safety and humoral immunogenicity assessments led to European Union market authorization in 2020. Complementary analyses of immune responses are warranted to better characterize vaccine effects.Methods: We conducted an ancillary study to analyze changes in the serum and cellular responses. Serum biomarkers of activation/inflammation were evaluated using a Luminex assay. Vaccine-elicited T-cell responses and functions were evaluated by assessing their phenotype, cytokine production, proliferation, and cytotoxic potential. Integrated data analysis was performed through correlation and principal component analysis of serum biomarkers and cellular immune responses.Results: Forty-eight volunteers were included. The Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo vaccine elicited (1) serum increase of inflammatory/activation markers mainly at 1 day after the Ad26.ZEBOV vaccine; and (2) durable EBOV-specific T-cell proliferation and CD8+ T cells exhibiting a cytotoxic phenotype after Ad26.ZEBOV prime, after MVA-BN-Filo boost, and 6 months postvaccination. Integrated analysis revealed correlations between (1) EBOV-specific CD8+ T-cell proliferation and cytotoxic phenotype; and (2) high EBOV-specific CD8+ T-cell cytotoxic phenotype and low inflammatory marker IL-8 at day 1 postvaccination.Discussion: This study provides unique insights into the in vivo contribution of proliferation/cytotoxic CD8+ T cells and inflammation to the Ad26.ZEBOV, MVA-BN-Filo vaccine-induced potency. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT02416453.","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"230-240"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141629207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CDC-Funded HIV Testing Services Outcomes in Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S. (EHE) and Non-EHE Jurisdictions, 2021. 疾病预防控制中心资助的 2021 年美国（EHE）和非 EHE 管辖区内的艾滋病毒检测服务成果》（CDC-Funded HIV Testing Services Outcomes in Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S. (EHE) and Non-EHE Jurisdictions, 2021.

IF 5 2区医学

Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae430

Deesha Patel, Mesfin S Mulatu, Guoshen Wang, Alicia C May, Andrea Moore, Shubha Rao

{"title":"CDC-Funded HIV Testing Services Outcomes in Ending the HIV Epidemic in the U.S. (EHE) and Non-EHE Jurisdictions, 2021.","authors":"Deesha Patel, Mesfin S Mulatu, Guoshen Wang, Alicia C May, Andrea Moore, Shubha Rao","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae430","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae430","url":null,"abstract":"Background: \"Ending the HIV Epidemic in the US\" (EHE) focuses on 57 jurisdictions most affected by HIV.Methods: Using 2021 data from the National HIV Prevention Program Monitoring and Evaluation system, we calculated distributions of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-funded HIV tests and HIV testing services outcomes in EHE and non-EHE jurisdictions. We conducted χ2 tests and robust Poisson regression to compare differences in outcomes.Results: Of the 1 753 873 tests, a greater proportion was conducted in EHE (65.7%) vs non-EHE (34.3%) jurisdictions (P < .001). A greater number of persons newly diagnosed were in EHE (n = 5861) vs non-EHE (n = 2329) jurisdictions; newly diagnosed positivity was also higher in EHE (0.5%) vs non-EHE (0.4%) jurisdictions (prevalence ratio [PR], 1.31; 95% CI, 1.25-1.38). Among persons newly diagnosed, there were no differences in linkage to care within 30 days in EHE (77.9%) vs non-EHE (77.1%) jurisdictions (PR, 1.01; 95% CI, .95-1.07). The proportion of persons newly diagnosed interviewed for partner services was lower in EHE (69.0%) vs non-EHE (84.8%) jurisdictions (PR, 0.81; 95% CI, .76-.87).Conclusions: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-funded HIV testing services in EHE jurisdictions conducted more HIV testing and diagnosed more persons. Jurisdictions can further expand HIV testing and related services to continue striving toward EHE goals.","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"147-155"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11794019/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142082426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A DNA Methylation Signature From Buccal Swabs to Identify Tuberculosis Infection. 从口腔拭子中提取 DNA 甲基化特征来识别肺结核感染。

IF 5 2区医学

Journal of Infectious Diseases Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae333

Lovisa Karlsson, Isabelle Öhrnberg, Shumaila Sayyab, David Martínez-Enguita, Mika Gustafsson, Patricia Espinoza, Melissa Méndez-Aranda, Cesar Ugarte-Gil, Lameck Diero, Ronald Tonui, Jakob Paues, Maria Lerm

{"title":"A DNA Methylation Signature From Buccal Swabs to Identify Tuberculosis Infection.","authors":"Lovisa Karlsson, Isabelle Öhrnberg, Shumaila Sayyab, David Martínez-Enguita, Mika Gustafsson, Patricia Espinoza, Melissa Méndez-Aranda, Cesar Ugarte-Gil, Lameck Diero, Ronald Tonui, Jakob Paues, Maria Lerm","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiae333","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiae333","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is among the largest infectious causes of death worldwide, and there is a need for a time- and resource-effective diagnostic methods. In this novel and exploratory study, we show the potential of using buccal swabs to collect human DNA and investigate the DNA methylation (DNAm) signatures as a diagnostic tool for TB.Methods: Buccal swabs were collected from patients with pulmonary TB (n = 7), TB-exposed persons (n = 7), and controls (n = 9) in Sweden. Using Illumina MethylationEPIC array, the DNAm status was determined.Results: We identified 5644 significant differentially methylated CpG sites between the patients and controls. Performing the analysis on a validation cohort of samples collected in Kenya and Peru (patients, n = 26; exposed, n = 9; control, n = 10) confirmed the DNAm signature. We identified a TB consensus disease module, significantly enriched in TB-associated genes. Last, we used machine learning to identify a panel of 7 CpG sites discriminative for TB and developed a TB classifier. In the validation cohort, the classifier performed with an area under the curve of 0.94, sensitivity of 0.92, and specificity of 1.Conclusions: In summary, the result from this study shows clinical implications of using DNAm signatures from buccal swabs to explore new diagnostic strategies for TB.","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e47-e58"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11793033/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141499496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0