Journal of Infectious Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Household Molecular Epidemiology of Streptococcus pyogenes Carriage and Infection in The Gambia.","authors":"Gabrielle de Crombrugghe, Edwin P Armitage, Alexander J Keeley, Elina Senghore, Fatoumata Camara, Musukoi Jammeh, Amat Bittaye, Haddy Ceesay, Isatou Ceesay, Bunja Samateh, Muhammed Manneh, Gwenaëlle Botquin, Dalila Lakhloufi, Valerie Delforge, Saikou Y Bah, Jennifer N Hall, Lionel Schiavolin, Claire E Turner, Michael Marks, Thushan I de Silva, Anne Botteaux, Pierre R Smeesters","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf252","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Africa experiences a high burden of Streptococcus pyogenes disease but has limited epidemiological data. We characterized emm types and emm clusters associated with carriage and disease in The Gambia, a setting with a high rheumatic heart disease burden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A 1-year household cohort study (2021-2022) recruited 442 participants from 44 households to assess S. pyogenes carriage and noninvasive infection. Pharyngeal and skin swab samples were collected to detect carriage, and pharyngitis and pyoderma swab samples were taken to assess infection. Cultured isolates underwent emm typing and were compared with previous collection from the same region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 221 cultured isolates showed 52 different emm types and 16 emm clusters. Strain diversity was high (Simpson reciprocal index, 29.3 [95% confidence interval, 24.8-36.0]), with the highest diversity seen in pyoderma and the lowest in pharyngitis. Based on available cross-opsonization data, the 30-valent M-protein vaccine candidate would cover 50.8% of the isolates, but cross-opsonization data are unknown for 38.5% of them. The emm clusters showed lower diversity and were stable over time, with 4 clusters defining 65.2% of the isolates; 68% of isolates were collected from skin sites (carriage and pyoderma), with evidence of skin-to-throat transmission in the same host.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides a unique molecular analysis of skin and throat isolates prospectively collected from persons with carriage and noninvasive infection in Africa. Despite high strain diversity, 4 clusters included two-thirds of the isolates, representing antigen priorities for broad vaccine coverage. In this rheumatic fever-endemic setting, pyoderma and skin carriage represent an important S. pyogenes reservoir and should be included in further surveillance studies and public health interventions.</p><p><strong>Clinical trials registration: </strong>NCT05117528.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"550-559"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12455322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Phenotypes and Outcomes Associated With Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Critically Ill Patients: A Retrospective Multicenter Cohort Study in Greater Paris Area Hospitals, 2017-2023.","authors":"Antoine Gaillet, Richard Layese, Slim Fourati, Héloise Celante, Tài Pham, Sarah Benghanem, Armand Mekontso Dessap, Etienne de Montmollin, Jeoffrey Pirault, Antoine Vieillard-Baron, Eric Maury, Yves Cohen, Maxens Decavèle, Muriel Fartoukh, Nicholas Heming, Charles Damoisel, Nadia Oubaya, Nicolas de Prost","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf129","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf129","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is one of the deadliest respiratory viruses. There is a need to better identify prognostic factors in RSV-infected patients, particularly those requiring intensive care unit (ICU) admission, with a focus on immunosuppressed patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a multicenter, retrospective cohort study of RSV-infected adults hospitalized in 17 ICUs in the Greater Paris area between 1 August 2017 and 1 May 2023. The primary endpoint was all-cause day 30 mortality. Supervised and unsupervised analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the study, 474 RSV-infected patients were admitted (56% male, mean age 65±17 years, 34% immunosuppressed). Day 30 mortality was 14%. Immunosuppression was linked to mortality (aOR=2.10, 95% CI [1.14;3.80], p=0.035). Cluster analysis identified three groups: (1) immunosuppressed (17%, highest mortality 21%), (2) older with comorbidities (43%, mortality 14%), and (3) younger (37%, lowest mortality 9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>One-third of ICU patients with RSV infection were immunosuppressed, and both supervised and unsupervised methods linked immunosuppression to day 30 mortality. Anti-RSV therapies preventing ICU admission should be evaluated in this subgroup.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"679-690"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143617694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When Infection Control Practices and Democracy Collide: Reply to Paladino and Riva.","authors":"Olivia S Kates, Petros C Karakousis","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf162","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf162","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e543-e544"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: Respiratory Isolation for Tuberculosis: A Historical Perspective.","authors":"Maria Emilia Paladino, Michele Augusto Riva","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf161","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf161","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"e541-e542"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143732978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Impact and Cost-effectiveness of Regular Self-digital Anorectal Examination on Syphilis Among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Mathematical Modeling Study.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf465","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf465","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updating the epidemiology of blastomycosis and histoplasmosis in the United States, using national electronic health record data, 2013-2023.","authors":"Juliana G E Bartels, Simon K Camponuri, Theo T Snow, Brittany L Morgan Bustamante, Natalie J Kane, Rose M Reynolds, Aidan Lee, Mark Hoffman, Theodore C White, Justin V Remais, Jennifer R Head","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf472","DOIUrl":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Where surveillance data are limited, nationally-representative electronic health records allow for geographic, temporal, and demographic characterization of the fungal diseases blastomycosis and histoplasmosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We identified incident blastomycosis and histoplasmosis cases from 2013 to 2023 within Oracle EHR Real-World Data, which comprises 1.6 billion healthcare encounters nationally. To characterize spatiotemporal incidence trends, we used generalized estimating equations weighted for non-representativeness of EHR-reporting facilities. We computed standardized incidence rate ratios (sIRRs), which relay relative differences in standardized incidence rates between regions, race/ethnicity, gender, and age subgroups and the national population.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>National incidence rates in 2023 were 2.4 (95% CI: 1.6-3.5) and 1.9 times (95% CI: 1.6-2.2) rates in 2013, for blastomycosis and histoplasmosis, respectively. Blastomycosis incidence rates among Hispanic or Latino and non-Hispanic Black individuals were 60% (sIRR: 1.6 [95% CI: 1.0-2.4]) and 30% (sIRR: 1.3 [95% CI: 1.0-1.6]) higher than the standardized national incidence rate. Histoplasmosis incidence rates were elevated among non-Hispanic White patients (sIRR: 1.05 [95% CI: 1.02-1.08]). Standardized incidence rates of both diseases were higher among older and male patients and were elevated in the Upper Midwest and Ohio Valley regions, and increased greatly in the Northern Rockies and Plains from 2013 to 2023. We estimated high incidence in states (blastomycosis: Illinois, Kentucky, and West Virginia; histoplasmosis: Missouri, Iowa, and Oklahoma) that do not report to surveillance.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>This analysis revealed increasing incidence rates of blastomycosis and histoplasmosis, with increasing diagnoses outside of historically endemic regions, and notable differences in incidence by race/ethnicity, gender, and age.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145031198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untargeted Metabolite Profile Associations with Body Mass Index, Waist-Hip Ratio, and Antiretroviral Therapy in >1300 People with HIV: the Swiss HIV Cohort Study.","authors":"Marco Labarile, Isabella C Schoepf, Chloé Pasin, Mariam Ait Oumelloul, Christian W Thorball, Carlotta Riebensahm, Bernard Surial, Gilles Wandeler, Dominique L Braun, Catia Marzolini, Christian R Kahlert, Enos Bernasconi, Matthias Cavassini, Alexandra Calmy, Johannes Nemeth, Lia Bally, Peter Reiss, Amalio Telenti, Bruno Ledergerber, Huldrych F Günthard, Jacques Fellay, Nicola Zamboni, Roger D Kouyos, Philip E Tarr","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf438","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity is a major concern in people with HIV (PWH). How obesity and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are associated with specific metabolite profiles in PWH is not well described.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included Swiss HIV Cohort Study participants aged ≥45 years. We analyzed untargeted metabolite profiles and their association with BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), and ART, both current ART regimen categorized based on the \"third drug\" plus individual ART drugs. Metabolite profiles were clustered with hierarchical clustering and visualized as heatmaps and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We analyzed 1821 putative metabolite ions in 1302 PWH (median age 55 years, 78% male, 94% suppressed HIV RNA, median BMI 24.6kg/m2, 46% overweight/obese). 94 metabolites were associated with BMI and 66 with WHR; the strongest associations were found with amino acids/peptides. 156, 173, and 60 metabolites were associated with exposure to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease-inhibitors, and integrase strand transfer inhibitors, respectively; most associations were found among carbohydrates. We identified specific patterns of metabolic perturbation for efavirenz, nevirapine, lopinavir, atazanavir, and elvitegravir. Most metabolites associated with tenofovir alafenamide were not associated with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and vice versa. 31 metabolites were associated with either BMI or WHR and ART-exposure. We found no evidence of any metabolite profiles associated with past zidovudine or stavudine exposure or any interactions between ART drug classes and BMI, after adjusting for multiple testing.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>In PWH from Switzerland, untargeted metabolite profiling revealed multiple unreported associations with different ART agents, and previously reported associations with BMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correspondence: Reply to Watkins et al.","authors":"Jamie McMahon, Robert S Ware, Stephen B Lambert","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf440","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to McMahon et. al.","authors":"Timothy A Watkins, Jacqueline K Brockhurst, Gregory Germain, Ellen F Foxman","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf441","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating viral load sampling schemes and swabbing methods for optimal surrogacy.","authors":"Allyson Mateja, Eric Chu, Thomas A Murray, Carolyn T Bramante, Carlee Moser, Naomi Givens, Mazin Abdelghany, Chris Blair, Shuguang Chen, Prince Kumar Lat, Ofir Harari, Nicole L Kallewaard, Lisa Farmer Macpherson, David R Boulware, Clara Suñer, Oriol Mitjà, Stacey J Adam, Victor De Gruttola, Michael D Hughes, Daniel Rubin, Davey M Smith, Gail E Potter","doi":"10.1093/infdis/jiaf443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaf443","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50179,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Infectious Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}