Communications Psychology最新文献_第7页

Semantic priming modulates the strength and direction of the Kanizsa illusion. 语义启动调节Kanizsa错觉的强度和方向。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00268-9

Nataly Davidson Litvak, Amir Tal, Liad Mudrik

引用次数: 0

Long-term elevated levels of loneliness are linked to lower health-related quality of life in middle-aged Australian women. 长期的孤独感水平升高与澳大利亚中年妇女较低的健康相关生活质量有关。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00264-z

Neta HaGani, Katherine Owen, Philip J Clare, Dafna Merom, Ben J Smith, Ding Ding

{"title":"Long-term elevated levels of loneliness are linked to lower health-related quality of life in middle-aged Australian women.","authors":"Neta HaGani, Katherine Owen, Philip J Clare, Dafna Merom, Ben J Smith, Ding Ding","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00264-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-025-00264-z","url":null,"abstract":"Loneliness has long been associated with poor health outcomes. However, few studies have considered the dynamic nature of loneliness over time. This study aimed to identify longitudinal patterns of loneliness over 18 years and their associations with physical and mental health-related quality of life. Using data from the Australian Longitudinal Study of Women's Health, we conducted a Latent Class Analysis to identify long-term loneliness patterns. We used Multinomial logistic regression to examine baseline predictors of loneliness trajectories and linear regression to examine the association between loneliness trajectories and health-related quality of life. Baseline predictors, such as smoking, depression, anxiety, stress and low social support, were associated with higher odds of 'Increasing', 'Stable-medium' and 'Stable-high loneliness. Compared to 'Stable-low loneliness, 'Increasing' [B = -3.73 (95%CI = -5.42, -2.04)], 'Medium' [B = -3.12 (95%CI = -5.08, -1.15)] and 'High' loneliness [B = -5.67 (95%CI = -6.84, -4.49)] were associated with lower mental health-related quality of life. 'Increasing' loneliness was also associated with lower physical health-related quality of life [B = -1.06 (95%CI = -2.11, -0.02)]. Among health-related quality of life sub-scales, emotional role, social functioning and physical role were the most strongly associated with loneliness. Findings highlight the importance of addressing loneliness among women to promote their health and well-being.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12106689/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144151852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The influence of mental state attributions on trust in large language models. 大型语言模型中心理状态归因对信任的影响。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-25 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00262-1

Clara Colombatto, Jonathan Birch, Stephen M Fleming

{"title":"The influence of mental state attributions on trust in large language models.","authors":"Clara Colombatto, Jonathan Birch, Stephen M Fleming","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00262-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-025-00262-1","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have led users to believe that systems such as large language models (LLMs) have mental states, including the capacity for 'experience' (e.g., emotions and consciousness). These folk-psychological attributions often diverge from expert opinion and are distinct from attributions of 'intelligence' (e.g., reasoning, planning), and yet may affect trust in AI systems. While past work provides some support for a link between anthropomorphism and trust, the impact of attributions of consciousness and other aspects of mentality on user trust remains unclear. We explored this in a preregistered experiment (N = 410) in which participants rated the capacity of an LLM to exhibit consciousness and a variety of other mental states. They then completed a decision-making task where they could revise their choices based on the advice of an LLM. Bayesian analyses revealed strong evidence against a positive correlation between attributions of consciousness and advice-taking; indeed, a dimension of mental states related to experience showed a negative relationship with advice-taking, while attributions of intelligence were strongly correlated with advice acceptance. These findings highlight how users' attitudes and behaviours are shaped by sophisticated intuitions about the capacities of LLMs-with different aspects of mental state attribution predicting people's trust in these systems.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12104094/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Extinction context is learned by pigeons, not given by the environment. 灭绝的背景是鸽子学会的，而不是环境给的。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00261-2

Juan Peschken, Lukas Alexander Hahn, Roland Pusch, Jonas Rose

{"title":"Extinction context is learned by pigeons, not given by the environment.","authors":"Juan Peschken, Lukas Alexander Hahn, Roland Pusch, Jonas Rose","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00261-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-025-00261-2","url":null,"abstract":"The saying \"context is everything\" underscores the importance of interpreting things, be they quotes, events, actions, or stimuli, not in isolation but in the light of a bigger picture - their context. This is evident even in fundamental forms of learning such as extinction learning where, in contextual renewal, an extinguished response reoccurs if the context is changed. But what exactly is context? Is context given by stimuli with inherent properties making them context or, what are the circumstances that allow a stimulus to become \"contextual\"? Even though the answer may seem intuitively trivial, the literature only provides competing and vague definitions. Using a modified ABA paradigm, we assessed how competing stimuli induced contextual renewal during extinction learning in seven pigeons (Columba livia). Furthermore, we controlled the timing of these stimuli and found it to be crucial; with the right contiguity, even small local stimuli resulted in the strongest contextual renewal. This result challenges definitions of context as 'a backdrop where learning occurs'. Instead, we propose that context can be understood mechanistically as a learned stimulus property. Therefore, context truly is everything and anything.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144145384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A task-invariant prior explains trial-by-trial active avoidance behaviour across gain and loss tasks. 任务不变先验解释了在获得和损失任务中逐个尝试的主动回避行为。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00254-1

Tobias Granwald, Peter Dayan, Máté Lengyel, Marc Guitart-Masip

{"title":"A task-invariant prior explains trial-by-trial active avoidance behaviour across gain and loss tasks.","authors":"Tobias Granwald, Peter Dayan, Máté Lengyel, Marc Guitart-Masip","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00254-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-025-00254-1","url":null,"abstract":"Failing to make decisions that would actively avoid negative outcomes is central to helplessness. In a Bayesian framework, deciding whether to act is informed by beliefs about the world that can be characterised as priors. However, these priors have not been previously quantified. Here we administered two tasks in which 279 participants decided whether to attempt active avoidance actions. In both tasks, participants decided between a passive option that would for sure result in a negative outcome of varying size, and a costly active option that allowed them a probability of avoiding the negative outcome. The tasks differed in framing and valence, allowing us to test whether the prior generating biases in behaviour is problem-specific or task-independent and general. We performed extensive comparisons of models offering different structural explanations of the data, finding that a Bayesian model with a task-invariant prior for active avoidance provided the best fit to participants' trial-by-trial behaviour. The parameters of this prior were reliable, and participants' self-rated positive affect was weakly correlated with this prior such that participants with an optimistic prior reported higher levels of positive affect. These results show that individual differences in prior beliefs can explain decisions to engage in active avoidance of negative outcomes, providing evidence for a Bayesian conceptualization of helplessness.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"82"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Confidence reports during perceptual decision making dissociate from changes in subjective experience. 在知觉决策过程中的信心报告与主观经验的变化是分离的。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00257-y

Nicolás Sánchez-Fuenzalida, Simon van Gaal, Stephen M Fleming, Julia M Haaf, Johannes J Fahrenfort

{"title":"Confidence reports during perceptual decision making dissociate from changes in subjective experience.","authors":"Nicolás Sánchez-Fuenzalida, Simon van Gaal, Stephen M Fleming, Julia M Haaf, Johannes J Fahrenfort","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00257-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-025-00257-y","url":null,"abstract":"In noisy perceptual environments, people frequently make decisions based on non-perceptual information to maximize rewards. Therefore, a central problem in psychophysics, metacognition and consciousness research is to distinguish between decisions resulting from changes in subjective experience and those arising from non-perceptual information. It has recently been proposed that confidence reports can be used to discriminate between changes in subjective experience and those arising from non-perceptual information. Here we use a Bayesian ordinal modelling framework combined with an explicit measure of subjective experience to show across two experiments (N = 204) and three bias manipulations that confidence during perceptual decision-making does not uniquely reflect subjective experience. Instead, non-perceptual manipulations affecting response bias 'leak' into perceptual confidence reports. This occurs not only for biases resulting from changes in the base rate of stimuli ('cognitive' priors), but also when biasing information does not inform decision correctness (asymmetric payoff matrix). The relative strength of biases in first-order responses and confidence may help disentangle whether a given bias manipulation is perceptual in nature or not.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Large language models are proficient in solving and creating emotional intelligence tests. 大型语言模型精通解决和创建情商测试。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00258-x

Katja Schlegel, Nils R Sommer, Marcello Mortillaro

{"title":"Large language models are proficient in solving and creating emotional intelligence tests.","authors":"Katja Schlegel, Nils R Sommer, Marcello Mortillaro","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00258-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-025-00258-x","url":null,"abstract":"Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate expertise across diverse domains, yet their capacity for emotional intelligence remains uncertain. This research examined whether LLMs can solve and generate performance-based emotional intelligence tests. Results showed that ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-o1, Gemini 1.5 flash, Copilot 365, Claude 3.5 Haiku, and DeepSeek V3 outperformed humans on five standard emotional intelligence tests, achieving an average accuracy of 81%, compared to the 56% human average reported in the original validation studies. In a second step, ChatGPT-4 generated new test items for each emotional intelligence test. These new versions and the original tests were administered to human participants across five studies (total N = 467). Overall, original and ChatGPT-generated tests demonstrated statistically equivalent test difficulty. Perceived item clarity and realism, item content diversity, internal consistency, correlations with a vocabulary test, and correlations with an external ability emotional intelligence test were not statistically equivalent between original and ChatGPT-generated tests. However, all differences were smaller than Cohen's d ± 0.25, and none of the 95% confidence interval boundaries exceeded a medium effect size (d ± 0.50). Additionally, original and ChatGPT-generated tests were strongly correlated (r = 0.46). These findings suggest that LLMs can generate responses that are consistent with accurate knowledge about human emotions and their regulation.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stability and robustness of idiosyncratic choice bias. 特质选择偏差的稳定性和稳健性。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00263-0

Lior Lebovich, Lea Kaplan, David Hansel, Yonatan Loewenstein

{"title":"Stability and robustness of idiosyncratic choice bias.","authors":"Lior Lebovich, Lea Kaplan, David Hansel, Yonatan Loewenstein","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00263-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-025-00263-0","url":null,"abstract":"A well-known observation in repeated-choice experiments is that a tendency to prefer one response over the others emerges if the feedback consistently favors that response. Choice bias, a tendency to prefer one response over the others, however, is not restricted to biased-feedback settings and is also observed when the feedback is unbiased. In fact, participant-specific choice bias, known as idiosyncratic choice bias (ICB), is common even in symmetrical experimental settings in which feedback is completely absent. Here we ask whether feedback-induced bias and ICB share a common mechanism. Specifically, we ask whether ICBs reflect idiosyncrasies in choice-feedback associations prior to the measurement of the ICB. To address this question, we compared the long-term dynamics of ICBs with feedback-induced biases in two longitudinal experiments involving 319 participants. We show that while feedback effectively induced choice preferences, its effect was transient and diminished within several weeks. By contrast, we show that ICBs remained stable for at least 22 months. These results indicate that different mechanisms underlie the idiosyncratic and feedback-induced biases.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12084652/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144087433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Little evidence for a role of facial mimicry in the transmission of stress from parents to adolescent children. 几乎没有证据表明面部模仿在父母将压力传递给青少年的过程中起作用。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00260-3

Jost Ulrich Blasberg, Philipp Kanske, Veronika Engert

{"title":"Little evidence for a role of facial mimicry in the transmission of stress from parents to adolescent children.","authors":"Jost Ulrich Blasberg, Philipp Kanske, Veronika Engert","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00260-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-025-00260-3","url":null,"abstract":"Empathic stress, the spontaneous reproduction of psychosocial stress by mere observation, has been shown to occur between strangers, romantic partners and in mother-child dyads. However, the mechanisms by which stress is transmitted have yet to be understood. We investigated whether facial mimicry modulates the transmission of psychosocial stress. Adolescents (13-16 years old) observed their mothers or fathers (N = 77) undergo a standardized laboratory stressor. Parents' and adolescents' faces were videotaped during the stress task and dyads simultaneously provided multiple samples of subjective stress, heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV), and salivary cortisol. The degree to which adolescents mimicked their parents' facial expressions was calculated in a multi-step procedure based on windowed-cross-lagged-regressions. To integrate the correlational structure of mimicry across different facial action units (AU), an exploratory factor analysis was employed. The solution revealed a two-factor model, constructed of a positive latent factor subsuming mimicked action units associated with the act of smiling and a negative latent factor, subsuming mimicked action units used for various negative emotions. None of the stress markers were significantly associated with the extracted latent factors indexing mimicry between parents and adolescents, providing no statistically significant evidence for an association between facial mimicry and stress-transmission in the parent-adolescent dyad. Bayes Factors generally indicated moderate evidence for a lack of association with the positive and anecdotal evidence for a lack of association with negative latent mimicry factors. In conclusion, our approach to video-based mimicry calculation showed promising results in that mimicry of positive and negative emotions could be detected, albeit no evidence for a link to actual empathic stress transmission in the laboratory was found.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12084340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144087431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Feature identification learning both shapes and is shaped by spatial object-similarity representations. 特征识别学习形状和形状的空间对象相似表示。

Communications Psychology Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1038/s44271-025-00259-w

Jonathan K Doyon, Sarah Shomstein, Gabriela Rosenblau

{"title":"Feature identification learning both shapes and is shaped by spatial object-similarity representations.","authors":"Jonathan K Doyon, Sarah Shomstein, Gabriela Rosenblau","doi":"10.1038/s44271-025-00259-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44271-025-00259-w","url":null,"abstract":"Object knowledge is bound together in semantic networks that can be spatially represented. How these knowledge representations shape and are in turn shaped by learning remains unclear. Here, we directly examined how object similarity representations impact implicit learning of feature dimensions and how learning, in turn, influences these representations. In a pre-experiment, 237 adult participants arranged object-pictures in a spatial arena, revealing semantic relatedness of everyday objects across categories: activity, fashion, and foods. The subsequent experiment assessed whether these semantic relationships played a role in implicitly learning specific object features in a separate adult participant group (N = 82). Participants inferred the meanings of two pseudo-words through feedback. Using computational modeling, we tested various learning strategies and established that learning was guided by semantic relationships quantified in the pre-experiment. Post-learning arrangements reflected object similarity representations as well as the learned feature. We directly show that similarity representations guide implicit learning and that learning in turn reshapes existing knowledge representations.","PeriodicalId":501698,"journal":{"name":"Communications Psychology","volume":"3 1","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12069083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144064653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0