{"title":"Bayesian Dynamic Factor Models for High-dimensional Matrix-valued Time Series","authors":"Wei Zhang","doi":"arxiv-2409.08354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.08354","url":null,"abstract":"High-dimensional matrix-valued time series are of significant interest in\u0000economics and finance, with prominent examples including cross region\u0000macroeconomic panels and firms' financial data panels. We introduce a class of\u0000Bayesian matrix dynamic factor models that utilize matrix structures to\u0000identify more interpretable factor patterns and factor impacts. Our model\u0000accommodates time-varying volatility, adjusts for outliers, and allows\u0000cross-sectional correlations in the idiosyncratic components. To determine the\u0000dimension of the factor matrix, we employ an importance-sampling estimator\u0000based on the cross-entropy method to estimate marginal likelihoods. Through a\u0000series of Monte Carlo experiments, we show the properties of the factor\u0000estimators and the performance of the marginal likelihood estimator in\u0000correctly identifying the true dimensions of the factor matrices. Applying our\u0000model to a macroeconomic dataset and a financial dataset, we demonstrate its\u0000ability in unveiling interesting features within matrix-valued time series.","PeriodicalId":501293,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - ECON - Econometrics","volume":"210 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142261055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bootstrap Adaptive Lasso Solution Path Unit Root Tests","authors":"Martin C. Arnold, Thilo Reinschlüssel","doi":"arxiv-2409.07859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.07859","url":null,"abstract":"We propose sieve wild bootstrap analogues to the adaptive Lasso solution path\u0000unit root tests of Arnold and Reinschl\"ussel (2024) arXiv:2404.06205 to\u0000improve finite sample properties and extend their applicability to a\u0000generalised framework, allowing for non-stationary volatility. Numerical\u0000evidence shows the bootstrap to improve the tests' precision for error\u0000processes that promote spurious rejections of the unit root null, depending on\u0000the detrending procedure. The bootstrap mitigates finite-sample size\u0000distortions and restores asymptotically valid inference when the data features\u0000time-varying unconditional variance. We apply the bootstrap tests to real\u0000residential property prices of the top six Eurozone economies and find evidence\u0000of stationarity to be period-specific, supporting the conjecture that\u0000exuberance in the housing market characterises the development of Euro-era\u0000residential property prices in the recent past.","PeriodicalId":501293,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - ECON - Econometrics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mogens Fosgerau, Nikolaj Nielsen, Mads Paulsen, Thomas Kjær Rasmussen, Rui Yao
{"title":"Substitution in the perturbed utility route choice model","authors":"Mogens Fosgerau, Nikolaj Nielsen, Mads Paulsen, Thomas Kjær Rasmussen, Rui Yao","doi":"arxiv-2409.08347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.08347","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers substitution patterns in the perturbed utility route\u0000choice model. We provide a general result that determines the marginal change\u0000in link flows following a marginal change in link costs across the network. We\u0000give a general condition on the network structure under which all paths are\u0000necessarily substitutes and an example in which some paths are complements. The\u0000presence of complementarity contradicts a result in a previous paper in this\u0000journal; we point out and correct the error.","PeriodicalId":501293,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - ECON - Econometrics","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142261056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Testing for a Forecast Accuracy Breakdown under Long Memory","authors":"Jannik Kreye, Philipp Sibbertsen","doi":"arxiv-2409.07087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.07087","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a test to detect a forecast accuracy breakdown in a long memory\u0000time series and provide theoretical and simulation evidence on the memory\u0000transfer from the time series to the forecast residuals. The proposed method\u0000uses a double sup-Wald test against the alternative of a structural break in\u0000the mean of an out-of-sample loss series. To address the problem of estimating\u0000the long-run variance under long memory, a robust estimator is applied. The\u0000corresponding breakpoint results from a long memory robust CUSUM test. The\u0000finite sample size and power properties of the test are derived in a Monte\u0000Carlo simulation. A monotonic power function is obtained for the fixed\u0000forecasting scheme. In our practical application, we find that the global\u0000energy crisis that began in 2021 led to a forecast break in European\u0000electricity prices, while the results for the U.S. are mixed.","PeriodicalId":501293,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - ECON - Econometrics","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Estimation and Inference for Causal Functions with Multiway Clustered Data","authors":"Nan Liu, Yanbo Liu, Yuya Sasaki","doi":"arxiv-2409.06654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.06654","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes methods of estimation and uniform inference for a general\u0000class of causal functions, such as the conditional average treatment effects\u0000and the continuous treatment effects, under multiway clustering. The causal\u0000function is identified as a conditional expectation of an adjusted\u0000(Neyman-orthogonal) signal that depends on high-dimensional nuisance\u0000parameters. We propose a two-step procedure where the first step uses machine\u0000learning to estimate the high-dimensional nuisance parameters. The second step\u0000projects the estimated Neyman-orthogonal signal onto a dictionary of basis\u0000functions whose dimension grows with the sample size. For this two-step\u0000procedure, we propose both the full-sample and the multiway cross-fitting\u0000estimation approaches. A functional limit theory is derived for these\u0000estimators. To construct the uniform confidence bands, we develop a novel\u0000resampling procedure, called the multiway cluster-robust sieve score bootstrap,\u0000that extends the sieve score bootstrap (Chen and Christensen, 2018) to the\u0000novel setting with multiway clustering. Extensive numerical simulations\u0000showcase that our methods achieve desirable finite-sample behaviors. We apply\u0000the proposed methods to analyze the causal relationship between mistrust levels\u0000in Africa and the historical slave trade. Our analysis rejects the null\u0000hypothesis of uniformly zero effects and reveals heterogeneous treatment\u0000effects, with significant impacts at higher levels of trade volumes.","PeriodicalId":501293,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - ECON - Econometrics","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shen Li, Yuyang Zhang, Zhaolin Ren, Claire Liang, Na Li, Julie A. Shah
{"title":"Enhancing Preference-based Linear Bandits via Human Response Time","authors":"Shen Li, Yuyang Zhang, Zhaolin Ren, Claire Liang, Na Li, Julie A. Shah","doi":"arxiv-2409.05798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.05798","url":null,"abstract":"Binary human choice feedback is widely used in interactive preference\u0000learning for its simplicity, but it provides limited information about\u0000preference strength. To overcome this limitation, we leverage human response\u0000times, which inversely correlate with preference strength, as complementary\u0000information. Our work integrates the EZ-diffusion model, which jointly models\u0000human choices and response times, into preference-based linear bandits. We\u0000introduce a computationally efficient utility estimator that reformulates the\u0000utility estimation problem using both choices and response times as a linear\u0000regression problem. Theoretical and empirical comparisons with traditional\u0000choice-only estimators reveal that for queries with strong preferences (\"easy\"\u0000queries), choices alone provide limited information, while response times offer\u0000valuable complementary information about preference strength. As a result,\u0000incorporating response times makes easy queries more useful. We demonstrate\u0000this advantage in the fixed-budget best-arm identification problem, with\u0000simulations based on three real-world datasets, consistently showing\u0000accelerated learning when response times are incorporated.","PeriodicalId":501293,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - ECON - Econometrics","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Uniform Estimation and Inference for Nonparametric Partitioning-Based M-Estimators","authors":"Matias D. Cattaneo, Yingjie Feng, Boris Shigida","doi":"arxiv-2409.05715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.05715","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents uniform estimation and inference theory for a large class\u0000of nonparametric partitioning-based M-estimators. The main theoretical results\u0000include: (i) uniform consistency for convex and non-convex objective functions;\u0000(ii) optimal uniform Bahadur representations; (iii) optimal uniform (and mean\u0000square) convergence rates; (iv) valid strong approximations and feasible\u0000uniform inference methods; and (v) extensions to functional transformations of\u0000underlying estimators. Uniformity is established over both the evaluation point\u0000of the nonparametric functional parameter and a Euclidean parameter indexing\u0000the class of loss functions. The results also account explicitly for the\u0000smoothness degree of the loss function (if any), and allow for a possibly\u0000non-identity (inverse) link function. We illustrate the main theoretical and\u0000methodological results with four substantive applications: quantile regression,\u0000distribution regression, $L_p$ regression, and Logistic regression; many other\u0000possibly non-smooth, nonlinear, generalized, robust M-estimation settings are\u0000covered by our theoretical results. We provide detailed comparisons with the\u0000existing literature and demonstrate substantive improvements: we achieve the\u0000best (in some cases optimal) known results under improved (in some cases\u0000minimal) requirements in terms of regularity conditions and side rate\u0000restrictions. The supplemental appendix reports other technical results that\u0000may be of independent interest.","PeriodicalId":501293,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - ECON - Econometrics","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Surprising Robustness of Partial Least Squares","authors":"João B. Assunção, Pedro Afonso Fernandes","doi":"arxiv-2409.05713","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.05713","url":null,"abstract":"Partial least squares (PLS) is a simple factorisation method that works well\u0000with high dimensional problems in which the number of observations is limited\u0000given the number of independent variables. In this article, we show that PLS\u0000can perform better than ordinary least squares (OLS), least absolute shrinkage\u0000and selection operator (LASSO) and ridge regression in forecasting quarterly\u0000gross domestic product (GDP) growth, covering the period from 2000 to 2023. In\u0000fact, through dimension reduction, PLS proved to be effective in lowering the\u0000out-of-sample forecasting error, specially since 2020. For the period\u00002000-2019, the four methods produce similar results, suggesting that PLS is a\u0000valid regularisation technique like LASSO or ridge.","PeriodicalId":501293,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - ECON - Econometrics","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bellwether Trades: Characteristics of Trades influential in Predicting Future Price Movements in Markets","authors":"Tejas Ramdas, Martin T. Wells","doi":"arxiv-2409.05192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.05192","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we leverage powerful non-linear machine learning methods to\u0000identify the characteristics of trades that contain valuable information.\u0000First, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our optimized neural network\u0000predictor in accurately predicting future market movements. Then, we utilize\u0000the information from this successful neural network predictor to pinpoint the\u0000individual trades within each data point (trading window) that had the most\u0000impact on the optimized neural network's prediction of future price movements.\u0000This approach helps us uncover important insights about the heterogeneity in\u0000information content provided by trades of different sizes, venues, trading\u0000contexts, and over time.","PeriodicalId":501293,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - ECON - Econometrics","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Difference-in-Differences with Multiple Events","authors":"Lin-Tung Tsai","doi":"arxiv-2409.05184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.05184","url":null,"abstract":"Confounding events with correlated timing violate the parallel trends\u0000assumption in Difference-in-Differences (DiD) designs. I show that the standard\u0000staggered DiD estimator is biased in the presence of confounding events.\u0000Identification can be achieved with units not yet treated by either event as\u0000controls and a double DiD design using variation in treatment timing. I apply\u0000this method to examine the effect of states' staggered minimum wage raise on\u0000teen employment from 2010 to 2020. The Medicaid expansion under the ACA\u0000confounded the raises, leading to a spurious negative estimate.","PeriodicalId":501293,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - ECON - Econometrics","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142184092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}