arXiv - ECON - General Economics最新文献_第3页

Policy consequences of the new neuroeconomic framework 新神经经济框架的政策后果

arXiv - ECON - General Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: arxiv-2409.07373

A. David Redish, Henri Scott Chastain, Carlisle Ford Runge, Brian M. Sweis, Scott E. Allen, Antara Haldar

{"title":"Policy consequences of the new neuroeconomic framework","authors":"A. David Redish, Henri Scott Chastain, Carlisle Ford Runge, Brian M. Sweis, Scott E. Allen, Antara Haldar","doi":"arxiv-2409.07373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.07373","url":null,"abstract":"Current theories of decision making suggest that the neural circuits in\u0000mammalian brains (including humans) computationally combine representations of\u0000the past (memory), present (perception), and future (agentic goals) to take\u0000actions that achieve the needs of the agent. How information is represented\u0000within those neural circuits changes what computations are available to that\u0000system which changes how agents interact with their world to take those\u0000actions. We argue that the computational neuroscience of decision making\u0000provides a new microeconomic framework (neuroeconomics) that offers new\u0000opportunities to construct policies that interact with those decision-making\u0000systems to improve outcomes. After laying out the computational processes\u0000underlying decision making in mammalian brains, we present four applications of\u0000this logic with policy consequences: (1) contingency management as a treatment\u0000for addiction, (2) precommitment and the sensitivity to sunk costs, (3) media\u0000consequences for changes in housing prices after a disaster, and (4) how social\u0000interactions underlie the success (and failure) of microfinance institutions.","PeriodicalId":501273,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - ECON - General Economics","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142192945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evidence gathering under competitive and noncompetitive rewards 竞争性和非竞争性奖励下的证据收集

arXiv - ECON - General Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: arxiv-2409.06248

Philip Brookins, Jennifer Brown, Dmitry Ryvkin

{"title":"Evidence gathering under competitive and noncompetitive rewards","authors":"Philip Brookins, Jennifer Brown, Dmitry Ryvkin","doi":"arxiv-2409.06248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.06248","url":null,"abstract":"Reward schemes may affect not only agents' effort, but also their incentives\u0000to gather information to reduce the riskiness of the productive activity. In a\u0000laboratory experiment using a novel task, we find that the relationship between\u0000incentives and evidence gathering depends critically on the availability of\u0000information about peers' strategies and outcomes. When no peer information is\u0000available, competitive rewards can be associated with more evidence gathering\u0000than noncompetitive rewards. In contrast, when decision-makers know what or how\u0000their peers are doing, competitive rewards schemes are associated with less\u0000active evidence gathering than noncompetitive schemes. The nature of the\u0000feedback -- whether subjects receive information about peers' strategies,\u0000outcomes, or both -- also affects subjects' incentives to engage in evidence\u0000gathering. Specifically, only combined feedback about peers' strategies and\u0000performance -- from which subjects may assess the overall relationship between\u0000evidence gathering, riskiness, and success -- is associated with less evidence\u0000gathering when rewards are based on relative performance; we find no similar\u0000effect for noncompetitive rewards.","PeriodicalId":501273,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - ECON - General Economics","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142192964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Watts and Bots: The Energy Implications of AI Adoption 瓦特和机器人：采用人工智能对能源的影响

arXiv - ECON - General Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: arxiv-2409.06626

Anthony Harding, Juan Moreno-Cruz

引用次数: 0

Contests with sequential moves: An experimental study 有连续动作的竞赛实验研究

arXiv - ECON - General Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: arxiv-2409.06230

Arthur B. Nelson, Dmitry Ryvkin

引用次数: 0

The Global Minimum Tax, Investment Incentives and Asymmetric Tax Competition 全球最低税、投资激励和不对称税收竞争

arXiv - ECON - General Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: arxiv-2409.05397

Xuyang Chen

{"title":"The Global Minimum Tax, Investment Incentives and Asymmetric Tax Competition","authors":"Xuyang Chen","doi":"arxiv-2409.05397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.05397","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates how the OECD's global minimum tax (GMT) affects\u0000multinational enterprises (MNEs) behavior and countries' corporate taxes. We\u0000consider both profit shifting and capital investment responses of the MNE in a\u0000formal model of tax competition between asymmetric countries. The GMT reduces\u0000the true tax rate differential and benefits the large country, while the\u0000revenue effect is generally ambiguous for the small country. In the short run\u0000where tax rates are fixed, due to tax deduction of the substance-based income\u0000exclusion (SBIE), a higher minimum rate exerts investment incentives but also\u0000incurs a larger revenue loss for the small country. We show that under high\u0000(low) profit shifting costs the former (latter) effect dominates so that the\u0000small country's revenue increases (decreases). In the long run where countries\u0000can adjust tax rates, the GMT reshapes the tax game and the competition\u0000pattern. In contrast to the existing literature, we reveal that the minimum\u0000rate binds the small country only if it is low. With the rise of the GMT rate,\u0000countries will undercut the minimum to boost real investments and collect\u0000top-up taxes. For small market-size asymmetry and intermediate profit shifting\u0000cost, the revenue loss from the elimination of profit shifting may dominate the\u0000revenue gain from taxing the true profits generated by substantive activities,\u0000so that even a marginal GMT reform may harm the small country. Otherwise, it\u0000can raise the small country's tax revenue.","PeriodicalId":501273,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - ECON - General Economics","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142192966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Note on solving one-to-one matching models with linear transferable utility 关于解决具有线性可转移效用的一对一匹配模型的说明

arXiv - ECON - General Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: arxiv-2409.05518

Esben Scrivers Andersen

引用次数: 0

Patterns of Medical Care Cost by Service Type Associated with Lung Cancer Screening 与肺癌筛查相关的按服务类型划分的医疗费用模式

arXiv - ECON - General Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: arxiv-2409.06026

Kris Wain, Mahesh Maiyani, Nikki M. Carroll, Rafael Meza, Robert T. Greenlee, Christine Neslund-Dudas, Michelle R. Odelberg, Caryn Oshiro, Debra P. Ritzwoller

{"title":"Patterns of Medical Care Cost by Service Type Associated with Lung Cancer Screening","authors":"Kris Wain, Mahesh Maiyani, Nikki M. Carroll, Rafael Meza, Robert T. Greenlee, Christine Neslund-Dudas, Michelle R. Odelberg, Caryn Oshiro, Debra P. Ritzwoller","doi":"arxiv-2409.06026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.06026","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Lung cancer screening (LCS) increases early-stage cancer\u0000detection which may reduce cancer treatment costs. Little is known about how\u0000receipt of LCS affects healthcare costs in real-world clinical settings. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed utilization and cost data from the\u0000Population-based Research to Optimize the Screening Process Lung Consortium. We\u0000included individuals who met age and smoking LCS eligibility criteria and were\u0000engaged within four healthcare systems between February 5, 2015, and December\u000031, 2021. Generalized linear models estimated healthcare costs from the payer\u0000perspective during 12-months prior and 12-months post baseline LCS. We compared\u0000these costs to eligible individuals who did not receive LCS. Sensitivity\u0000analyses expanded our sample to age-eligible individuals with any smoking\u0000history noted in the electronic health record. Secondary analyses examined\u0000costs among a sample diagnosed with lung cancer. We reported mean predicted\u0000costs with average values for all other explanatory variables. Results: We identified 10,049 eligible individuals who received baseline LCS\u0000and 15,233 who did not receive baseline LCS. Receipt of baseline LCS was\u0000associated with additional costs of $3,698 compared to individuals not\u0000receiving LCS. Secondary analyses showed suggestive evidence that LCS prior to\u0000cancer diagnosis decreased healthcare costs compared to cancer diagnosed\u0000without screening. Conclusion: These findings suggest LCS increases healthcare costs in the year\u0000following screening. However, LCS also improves early-stage cancer detection\u0000and may reduce treatment costs following diagnosis. These results can inform\u0000future simulation models to guide LCS recommendations, and aid health policy\u0000decision makers on resource allocation.","PeriodicalId":501273,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - ECON - General Economics","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142192967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimal In-Kind Redistribution 最佳实物再分配

arXiv - ECON - General Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: arxiv-2409.06112

Zi Yang Kang, Mitchell Watt

引用次数: 0

Platform-Mediated Consolidation and Offline Store Expansion: Evidence from Real Estate Brokerages in Major Chinese Cities 以平台为媒介的整合与线下门店扩张：来自中国主要城市房地产经纪公司的证据

arXiv - ECON - General Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-06 DOI: arxiv-2409.04326

Guoying Deng, Xuyuan Zhang

{"title":"Platform-Mediated Consolidation and Offline Store Expansion: Evidence from Real Estate Brokerages in Major Chinese Cities","authors":"Guoying Deng, Xuyuan Zhang","doi":"arxiv-2409.04326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.04326","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines the impact of offline store expansion by Lianjia, China's\u0000leading real estate brokerage, within the framework of platform-mediated\u0000consolidation. By analyzing micro-level transactions of second-hand houses from\u0000Lianjia in ten major Chinese cities from 2016 to 2022, this research\u0000investigates how the transaction patterns of traditional brokerages,\u0000characterized by the strategic clustering of offline stores, transition towards\u0000platform-mediated consolidation, thereby facilitating the development of an\u0000extensive franchise network. Utilizing a regression discontinuity design (RDD),\u0000this study quantifies the optimal influence radius of offline stores (410\u0000meters) on housing transactions. this study empirically estimates the effects\u0000of real estate brokerage's offline store expansion and platform-mediated\u0000consolidation on transaction properties. The results indicate that this\u0000strategy significantly boosts revenues and attracts more people to housing\u0000tours. Additionally, the results suggest that neither the platform-mediated\u0000strategy nor offline expansion affects the transaction period, but offline\u0000store expansion can reduce the price gap between sellers and buyers.\u0000Furthermore, this study introduces a measure of network effect, revealing that\u0000Lianjia's offline stores exhibit a local clustering pattern with moderate\u0000network strength. The analysis of platform-mediated consolidation indicates a\u0000significantly positive effect on network strength. This study provides valuable\u0000insights into the synergy between offline store expansion and online platform\u0000development, elucidating future trajectories in the evolving real estate\u0000brokerage market and analogous sectors.","PeriodicalId":501273,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - ECON - General Economics","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142192970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Replicating The Log of Gravity 复制万有引力日志

arXiv - ECON - General Economics Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: arxiv-2409.09066

Mauricio Vargas Sepúlveda

引用次数: 0