Diversity最新文献_第9页

A New Species of Smithophis Giri et al. 2019 from the Indo-Burma Region 来自印度-缅甸地区的 Smithophis Giri 等人 2019 年新物种

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.3390/d16080480

Zeeshan A. Mirza, Virender K. Bhardwaj, Jote Chawntual Lalmuanawma, Girish Choure, Hmar Tlawmte Lalremsanga, Mathipi Vabeiryureilai, Ashok Captain, Akshay Zagade, Harshil Patel

引用次数: 0

The Marine Macroalgae Collection from Herbarium João de Carvalho e Vasconcellos (LISI)—140 Years of History 若昂-德-卡瓦略-瓦斯康塞洛斯标本馆（LISI）的海洋大型藻类藏品--140 年的历史

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.3390/d16080478

João Canilho Santos, Paula Paes, Pedro Arsénio, Rui Figueira, José Carlos Costa, Margarida Dionísio Lopes, Helena Cotrim, Dalila Espírito-Santo

{"title":"The Marine Macroalgae Collection from Herbarium João de Carvalho e Vasconcellos (LISI)—140 Years of History","authors":"João Canilho Santos, Paula Paes, Pedro Arsénio, Rui Figueira, José Carlos Costa, Margarida Dionísio Lopes, Helena Cotrim, Dalila Espírito-Santo","doi":"10.3390/d16080478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d16080478","url":null,"abstract":"Herbaria phycological collections have approximately one million 700 thousand specimens preserved in European herbaria, a significantly lower number when compared to vascular plants, due to factors such as greater sampling difficulty and fewer specialists. Several studies report that coastal systems have undergone dramatic ecological changes in the last 150 years, with macroalgae being a particularly affected group. Thus, macroalgal herbaria are essential sources for the study and conservation of this biodiversity, as well as a pillar that responds to several ecological questions. Despite having a large coastline, Portugal’s phycological collections are scarce, poorly developed, and practically inaccessible digitally. In 2021/2022, all the phycological specimens present at LISI were the focus of this exploratory project whose objective was to catalog them, taxonomically review the specimens and place them at the service of the scientific community through the incorporation of digitized vouchers into online databases. Three marine collections were constituted and studied, accounting for a total of 852 vouchers and more than 1800 specimens, being the Portuguese Marine Macroalgae Collection, the oldest digitized phycological collection available in Portugal. This project provides an opportunity for other educational institutions to embrace their long-neglected collections as well.","PeriodicalId":501149,"journal":{"name":"Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141948834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sibling Species Amblyraja hyperborea and A. jenseni in Slope Waters of Eastern Canada: An Ecomorphological Description 加拿大东部斜坡水域的同胞物种 Amblyraja hyperborea 和 A. jenseni：形态描述

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI: 10.3390/d16080479

David W. Kulka, Carolyn M. Miri, Sheila Atchison, Mark R. Simpson

{"title":"Sibling Species Amblyraja hyperborea and A. jenseni in Slope Waters of Eastern Canada: An Ecomorphological Description","authors":"David W. Kulka, Carolyn M. Miri, Sheila Atchison, Mark R. Simpson","doi":"10.3390/d16080479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d16080479","url":null,"abstract":"Deepwater survey data and specimens collected from the Grand Banks to Baffin Bay in the Northwest Atlantic were used to examine the distribution, morphometrics, meristics and maturity of two siblings, Amblyraja hyperborea and A. jenseni. Our study confirmed that the two species occupy different locations, their distributions separated by Davis Strait, a biogeographic break separating Atlantic from Arctic waters. A. hyperborea with a smaller maximum size and size at maturity inhabited colder Arctic slope waters in Baffin Bay while larger A. jenseni were located in warmer Atlantic slope waters. Despite their distributional separation and thus reproductive isolation, spine counts and body morphology were almost indistinguishable between species. Only upper jaw teeth row count and difference in the size of spines on the mid-rear wings differentiated the two species. Also, for both species, the proportion of dorsal fins joined, disc shape and relative tail length changed with total length. Secondary reproductive anatomy, clasper length and vas deferens weight, shell gland and uterus weight underwent initial acceleration in growth when the gonads transitioned to stage 2 (adolescent, maturing). Also, YOY A. hyperborea were found to distribute at shallower depths than larger stages, constituting a nursery, which was not observed for A. jenseni.","PeriodicalId":501149,"journal":{"name":"Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141948835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Resprouting Control of Ailanthus altissima by Means of Cut and Stump Covering: Experimental Evidence for a Promising Technique 通过砍伐和树桩覆盖控制 Ailanthus altissima 的再发芽：一种可行技术的实验证据

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-08-04 DOI: 10.3390/d16080471

Iduna Arduini, Silvia Pampana, Viola Alessandrini

{"title":"Resprouting Control of Ailanthus altissima by Means of Cut and Stump Covering: Experimental Evidence for a Promising Technique","authors":"Iduna Arduini, Silvia Pampana, Viola Alessandrini","doi":"10.3390/d16080471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d16080471","url":null,"abstract":"Ailanthus altissima is an invasive tree threatening the biodiversity in natural and disturbed habitats of temperate regions, primarily because of its high resprouting vigor. To test the effect of light exclusion on stem and root sprouting, black covers were applied on the cut stumps of 3-year-old saplings grown in pots. The treatments were as follows: SL, stumps exposed to light; SH, only stumps covered; SPH, the entire pot covered; C, intact control plants. The covers were removed when the root sprouts appeared. The emergence of stem and root sprouts was checked weekly, and their number and biomass were determined at the growth peak (cut I and III) and the end (cut II and IV) of two seasons after cutting. Stem sprouts were produced only in the first growth season in SL and SH and never in SPH and the controls. The number and biomass of the root sprouts were the highest in SH at cut I and in SL in the following cuts. In SH, the sprouting ceased completely after cut I, suggesting a rapid consumption of root reserves, while in SL and SPH, repeated cutting progressively reduced the sprouting vigor. We concluded that covering the stems after cutting is a promising technique to control ailanthus resprouting without the use of herbicides.","PeriodicalId":501149,"journal":{"name":"Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141948836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Indirect Effects of Cattle Trampling on the Structure of Fruit-Feeding Butterfly Assemblages Inhabiting Restinga Forests in Southern Brazil 牛践踏对栖息在巴西南部雷辛加森林中的食果蝴蝶群结构的间接影响

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.3390/d16080467

Cristiano Agra Iserhard, Taiane Schwantz, Mariana Centeno Gallo, Marco Silva Gottschalk, Kauane Maiara Bordin

{"title":"Indirect Effects of Cattle Trampling on the Structure of Fruit-Feeding Butterfly Assemblages Inhabiting Restinga Forests in Southern Brazil","authors":"Cristiano Agra Iserhard, Taiane Schwantz, Mariana Centeno Gallo, Marco Silva Gottschalk, Kauane Maiara Bordin","doi":"10.3390/d16080467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d16080467","url":null,"abstract":"The impacts of anthropogenic activities are increasing at alarming rates, leading to biodiversity loss and the displacement of native habitats. One of the main contributors to human disturbances is livestock farming, which degrades native habitats through cattle grazing and trampling. To understand these impacts, we investigated the effects of cattle trampling on the structure and diversity of fruit-feeding butterflies in Restinga forests of southern Brazil. We addressed questions regarding the effects of cattle raising on butterfly diversity and composition, identified indicator species, and examined the influence of environmental variables on butterfly richness, dominance, abundance, and species composition. Our dataset comprises the long-term monitoring of fruit-feeding butterflies in Restinga forests from 2014 to 2019, across sites with low, medium, and high levels of disturbance due to cattle trampling. We found that medium and high levels of disturbance increased butterfly richness and abundance, whereas low-level disturbance was associated with lower abundance. Additionally, the species composition of butterflies in medium to highly disturbed sites differed from that in preserved Restinga forests, indicating that any perturbation can markedly alter alpha and beta diversity parameters. These changes simplify the native forest structure, open the canopy, disrupt the understory, and favor butterfly species commonly associated with disturbed forests.","PeriodicalId":501149,"journal":{"name":"Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141885516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Finding Isolated Aquatic Habitat: Can Beggars Be Choosers? 寻找孤立的水生栖息地：乞丐也能成为选择者？

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.3390/d16080468

Danielle M. Husband, Nancy E. McIntyre

引用次数: 0

Effect of Abiotic Factors on Nectar Quality and Secretion of Two Early Spring Species, Galanthus nivalis L. and Helleborus niger L. 非生物因素对两种早春树种 Galanthus nivalis L. 和 Helleborus niger L. 花蜜质量和分泌的影响

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-08-03 DOI: 10.3390/d16080469

Katja Malovrh, Jože Bavcon, Mitja Križman, Blanka Ravnjak

{"title":"Effect of Abiotic Factors on Nectar Quality and Secretion of Two Early Spring Species, Galanthus nivalis L. and Helleborus niger L.","authors":"Katja Malovrh, Jože Bavcon, Mitja Križman, Blanka Ravnjak","doi":"10.3390/d16080469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d16080469","url":null,"abstract":"Floral nectar is mainly a reward in the form of food for pollinators. In early spring, when snow can still be present, pollinators have trouble finding food. The composition and productivity of nectar in flowers play an important role in a pollinator’s life. It is known that low temperatures and lower humidity cause lower nectar secretion. Some studies have also shown that the quality of nectar can differ because of lower temperatures. In our research, we analysed whether abiotic factors affect nectar secretion, as well as the nectar composition of the early spring plant species Galanthus nivalis L. and Helleborus niger L. in February 2024. The study was conducted in two locations in nature. Nectar from H. niger was sampled in Tomišelj, Slovenia, whereas nectar from G. nivalis was sampled in Ljubljana, Slovenia. On four different days at three different times of day, we sampled nectar from flowers using microcapillaries. In total, we sampled 48 nectar samples from one species. We analysed soil humidity and temperature, air temperature and humidity, and UVB radiation. Our results show that nectar productivity is highest in the morning for both species. H. niger has sucrose-dominant nectar, while G. nivalis has hexose-dominant nectar. Proline, which is an important amino acid for bees, has the highest level in both species, as does the phenolic compound rutin. Environmental factors do affect nectar secretion. Soil and air temperature affect G. nivalis nectar secretion, while soil humidity affects H. niger nectar secretion. Soil and air temperature also have an effect on higher levels of sugars in both researched nectars. UVB, air humidity, and air and soil temperature seem to have an effect on phenolic compounds, but abiotic factors do not affect amino acids.","PeriodicalId":501149,"journal":{"name":"Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141885518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Northern Red Sea (Shushah Island) Coral Health Inferred from Benthic Foraminifers 从底栖有孔虫推断红海北部（舒沙岛）珊瑚的健康状况

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.3390/d16080463

Nazik Öğretmen, Carlos Angulo-Preckler, Manuel Aranda, Carlos M. Duarte, Hildegard Westphal

引用次数: 0

Variation in Phenology and Morphological Traits of Seed-Propagated Laggera alata and Laggera crispata Forms 种子繁殖的白花蛇舌草和清水蛇舌草的物候和形态特征的变异

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.3390/d16080466

Noluthando Nonjabulo Nkosi, Godfrey Elijah Zharare, Clemence Zimudzi, Brita Stedje, Nontuthuko Rosemary Ntuli

{"title":"Variation in Phenology and Morphological Traits of Seed-Propagated Laggera alata and Laggera crispata Forms","authors":"Noluthando Nonjabulo Nkosi, Godfrey Elijah Zharare, Clemence Zimudzi, Brita Stedje, Nontuthuko Rosemary Ntuli","doi":"10.3390/d16080466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d16080466","url":null,"abstract":"The phenological and morphological variation studies among forms of Laggera Sch. Bip. Ex. Benth. and Hook species are limited, despite the medicinal use of the genus. Therefore, this study aimed to document phenology and morphological variation in cultivated populations of Laggera alata and Laggera crispata forms from seedling to maturity. The forms were categorized as Laggera alata with a small capitulum (LA-SC), Laggera alata with a large capitulum (LA-BC), Laggera crispata from South Africa (LC-SA), and Laggera crispata from Zimbabwe (LC-ZIM). Seeds were germinated in Petri dishes, transplanted to plug trays, and later to field plots at 60 days. Phenological events were recorded when observed in at least one plant. Twelve qualitative and four morphometric traits were measured monthly on five plants per Laggera form. Analysis of variance and Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference test (p < 0.05) were used for data analysis. Results indicated significant variation in phenology, qualitative traits, leaf traits, plant height, and stem diameter both within and between L. crispata and L. alata forms. Morphometric traits, such as leaf size and the number of leaves per plant, were identified as key descriptors for differentiating L. alata forms. These findings provide a foundation for the introduction of Laggera forms into farming systems for medicinal and commercial purposes.","PeriodicalId":501149,"journal":{"name":"Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141885515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Different Sources of Anthropogenic Pollution on the Structure and Distribution of Antarctic Marine Meiofauna Communities 不同人为污染源对南极海洋小型底栖生物群落结构和分布的影响

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-08-02 DOI: 10.3390/d16080464

Débora A.A. França, Jeroen Ingels, Jonathan S. Stark, Renan B. da Silva, Flávia J.L. de França, Giovanni A.P. dos Santos

{"title":"Impact of Different Sources of Anthropogenic Pollution on the Structure and Distribution of Antarctic Marine Meiofauna Communities","authors":"Débora A.A. França, Jeroen Ingels, Jonathan S. Stark, Renan B. da Silva, Flávia J.L. de França, Giovanni A.P. dos Santos","doi":"10.3390/d16080464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/d16080464","url":null,"abstract":"Human influence on Antarctic marine ecosystems is a growing concern, despite limited information being available. This study investigated the coastal meiofauna and environmental parameters of 10 locations, 4 of which served as reference points (OB1, OB2, OB3, and McGrady) and 6 which were impacted by different levels of human activity in the past and present (Wharf, Wilkes, BBIN, BBMID, BBOUT, and Shannon) in East Antarctica. Environmental variables such as metals, total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), grain size, organic matter content, and nutrients were measured for analysis. Locations close to human activities showed higher concentrations of pollutants (metals, TPHs, PBDEs, PCBs) and greater variations in meiofauna diversity compared to the reference sites (OB1, OB2, OB3, and McGrady). In the area impacted by the Casey Station waste dump (Brown Bay), the meiofauna community at the location furthest from the pollution (BBOUT) source exhibited greater diversity compared to the closest location (BBIN). In addition to metals and TPHs, particle size was also correlated with community patterns, with finer sediments associated with more impacted sites, facilitating the accumulation of toxic compounds. These results contribute to the understanding of the role and impact of pollutants on meiofauna biodiversity in Antarctic coastal ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":501149,"journal":{"name":"Diversity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141885513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0