Sibling Species Amblyraja hyperborea and A. jenseni in Slope Waters of Eastern Canada: An Ecomorphological Description

Diversity Pub Date : 2024-08-07 DOI:10.3390/d16080479
David W. Kulka, Carolyn M. Miri, Sheila Atchison, Mark R. Simpson
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Abstract

Deepwater survey data and specimens collected from the Grand Banks to Baffin Bay in the Northwest Atlantic were used to examine the distribution, morphometrics, meristics and maturity of two siblings, Amblyraja hyperborea and A. jenseni. Our study confirmed that the two species occupy different locations, their distributions separated by Davis Strait, a biogeographic break separating Atlantic from Arctic waters. A. hyperborea with a smaller maximum size and size at maturity inhabited colder Arctic slope waters in Baffin Bay while larger A. jenseni were located in warmer Atlantic slope waters. Despite their distributional separation and thus reproductive isolation, spine counts and body morphology were almost indistinguishable between species. Only upper jaw teeth row count and difference in the size of spines on the mid-rear wings differentiated the two species. Also, for both species, the proportion of dorsal fins joined, disc shape and relative tail length changed with total length. Secondary reproductive anatomy, clasper length and vas deferens weight, shell gland and uterus weight underwent initial acceleration in growth when the gonads transitioned to stage 2 (adolescent, maturing). Also, YOY A. hyperborea were found to distribute at shallower depths than larger stages, constituting a nursery, which was not observed for A. jenseni.
加拿大东部斜坡水域的同胞物种 Amblyraja hyperborea 和 A. jenseni:形态描述
利用从西北大西洋大浅滩到巴芬湾收集的深水调查数据和标本,研究了两个同胞兄弟--Amblyraja hyperborea 和 A. jenseni--的分布、形态计量学、分型学和成熟度。我们的研究证实,这两个物种占据着不同的位置,它们的分布被戴维斯海峡分隔开来,戴维斯海峡是分隔大西洋和北极水域的生物地理断裂带。最大体型和成熟时体型较小的 A. hyperborea 栖息在巴芬湾较冷的北极斜坡水域,而体型较大的 A. jenseni 则位于较温暖的大西洋斜坡水域。尽管它们在分布上相互分离,因而在繁殖上也相互隔离,但物种间的脊柱数和身体形态几乎没有区别。只有上颚齿列数和中后翼棘刺大小的差异可将两个物种区分开来。此外,两个物种的背鳍连接比例、鳍盘形状和相对尾长随总长度而变化。当性腺过渡到第二阶段(青春期、成熟期)时,次级生殖解剖结构、套管长度和输精管重量、壳腺和子宫重量的增长速度开始加快。此外,还发现hyperborea幼鱼的分布深度比大阶段幼鱼的分布深度要浅,构成了一个育苗场,这在A. jenseni身上没有观察到。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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