{"title":"Value-at-Risk- and Expectile-based Systemic Risk Measures and Second-order Asymptotics: With Applications to Diversification","authors":"Bingzhen Geng, Yang Liu, Yimiao Zhao","doi":"arxiv-2404.18029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2404.18029","url":null,"abstract":"The systemic risk measure plays a crucial role in analyzing individual losses\u0000conditioned on extreme system-wide disasters. In this paper, we provide a\u0000unified asymptotic treatment for systemic risk measures. First, we classify\u0000them into two families of Value-at-Risk- (VaR-) and expectile-based systemic\u0000risk measures. While VaR has been extensively studied, in the latter family, we\u0000propose two new systemic risk measures named the Individual Conditional\u0000Expectile (ICE) and the Systemic Individual Conditional Expectile (SICE), as\u0000alternatives to Marginal Expected Shortfall (MES) and Systemic Expected\u0000Shortfall (SES). Second, to characterize general mutually dependent and\u0000heavy-tailed risks, we adopt a modeling framework where the system, represented\u0000by a vector of random loss variables, follows a multivariate Sarmanov\u0000distribution with a common marginal exhibiting second-order regular variation.\u0000Third, we provide second-order asymptotic results for both families of systemic\u0000risk measures. This analytical framework offers a more accurate estimate\u0000compared to traditional first-order asymptotics. Through numerical and\u0000analytical examples, we demonstrate the superiority of second-order asymptotics\u0000in accurately assessing systemic risk. Further, we conduct a comprehensive\u0000comparison between VaR-based and expectile-based systemic risk measures.\u0000Expectile-based measures output higher risk evaluation than VaR-based ones,\u0000emphasizing the former's potential advantages in reporting extreme events and\u0000tail risk. As a financial application, we use the asymptotic treatment to\u0000discuss the diversification benefits associated with systemic risk measures.\u0000The expectile-based diversification benefits consistently deduce an\u0000underestimation and suggest a conservative approximation, while the VaR-based\u0000diversification benefits consistently deduce an overestimation and suggest\u0000behaving optimistically.","PeriodicalId":501128,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - QuantFin - Risk Management","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140830553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The checkerboard copula and dependence concepts","authors":"Liyuan Lin, Ruodu Wang, Ruixun Zhang, Chaoyi Zhao","doi":"arxiv-2404.15023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2404.15023","url":null,"abstract":"We study the problem of choosing the copula when the marginal distributions\u0000of a random vector are not all continuous. Inspired by three motivating\u0000examples including simulation from copulas, stress scenarios, and co-risk\u0000measures, we propose to use the checkerboard copula, that is, intuitively, the\u0000unique copula with a distribution that is as uniform as possible within regions\u0000of flexibility. We show that the checkerboard copula has the largest Shannon\u0000entropy, which means that it carries the least information among all possible\u0000copulas for a given random vector. Furthermore, the checkerboard copula\u0000preserves the dependence information of the original random vector, leading to\u0000two applications in the context of diversification penalty and impact\u0000portfolios.","PeriodicalId":501128,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - QuantFin - Risk Management","volume":"177 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140803874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bastien Baldacci, Philippe Bergault, Olivier Guéant
{"title":"Dispensing with optimal control: a new approach for the pricing and management of share buyback contracts","authors":"Bastien Baldacci, Philippe Bergault, Olivier Guéant","doi":"arxiv-2404.13754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2404.13754","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a novel methodology for the pricing and management of\u0000share buyback contracts, overcoming the limitations of traditional optimal\u0000control methods, which frequently encounter difficulties with high-dimensional\u0000state spaces and the intricacies of selecting appropriate risk penalty or risk\u0000aversion parameter. Our methodology applies optimized heuristic strategies to\u0000maximize the contract's value. The computation of this value utilizes classical\u0000methods typically used for pricing path-dependent Bermudan options.\u0000Additionally, our approach naturally leads to the formulation of a hedging\u0000strategy.","PeriodicalId":501128,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - QuantFin - Risk Management","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140803871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Extremal cases of distortion risk measures with partial information","authors":"Mengshuo Zhao, Narayanaswamy Balakrishnan, Chuancun Yin","doi":"arxiv-2404.13637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2404.13637","url":null,"abstract":"This paper considers the best- and worst-case of a general class of\u0000distortion risk measures when only partial information regarding the underlying\u0000distributions is available. Specifically, explicit sharp lower and upper bounds\u0000for a general class of distortion risk measures are derived based on the first\u0000two moments along with some shape information, such as symmetry/unimodality\u0000property of the underlying distributions. The proposed approach provides a\u0000unified framework for extremal problems of distortion risk measures.","PeriodicalId":501128,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - QuantFin - Risk Management","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140803873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Derivatives of Risk Measures","authors":"Battulga Gankhuu","doi":"arxiv-2404.09646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2404.09646","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides the first and second order derivatives of any risk\u0000measures, including VaR and ES for continuous and discrete portfolio loss\u0000random variable variables. Also, we give asymptotic results of the first and\u0000second order conditional moments for heavy--tailed portfolio loss random\u0000variable.","PeriodicalId":501128,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - QuantFin - Risk Management","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140586251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yupeng Cao, Zhi Chen, Qingyun Pei, Fabrizio Dimino, Lorenzo Ausiello, Prashant Kumar, K. P. Subbalakshmi, Papa Momar Ndiaye
{"title":"RiskLabs: Predicting Financial Risk Using Large Language Model Based on Multi-Sources Data","authors":"Yupeng Cao, Zhi Chen, Qingyun Pei, Fabrizio Dimino, Lorenzo Ausiello, Prashant Kumar, K. P. Subbalakshmi, Papa Momar Ndiaye","doi":"arxiv-2404.07452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2404.07452","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques, particularly\u0000large language models (LLMs), in finance has garnered increasing academic\u0000attention. Despite progress, existing studies predominantly focus on tasks like\u0000financial text summarization, question-answering (Q$&$A), and stock movement\u0000prediction (binary classification), with a notable gap in the application of\u0000LLMs for financial risk prediction. Addressing this gap, in this paper, we\u0000introduce textbf{RiskLabs}, a novel framework that leverages LLMs to analyze\u0000and predict financial risks. RiskLabs uniquely combines different types of\u0000financial data, including textual and vocal information from Earnings\u0000Conference Calls (ECCs), market-related time series data, and contextual news\u0000data surrounding ECC release dates. Our approach involves a multi-stage\u0000process: initially extracting and analyzing ECC data using LLMs, followed by\u0000gathering and processing time-series data before the ECC dates to model and\u0000understand risk over different timeframes. Using multimodal fusion techniques,\u0000RiskLabs amalgamates these varied data features for comprehensive multi-task\u0000financial risk prediction. Empirical experiment results demonstrate RiskLab's\u0000effectiveness in forecasting both volatility and variance in financial markets.\u0000Through comparative experiments, we demonstrate how different data sources\u0000contribute to financial risk assessment and discuss the critical role of LLMs\u0000in this context. Our findings not only contribute to the AI in finance\u0000application but also open new avenues for applying LLMs in financial risk\u0000assessment.","PeriodicalId":501128,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - QuantFin - Risk Management","volume":"2011 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140602324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The PEAL Method: a mathematical framework to streamline securitization structuring","authors":"Andrea Pinto, Antonio Scala","doi":"arxiv-2404.05372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2404.05372","url":null,"abstract":"Securitization is a financial process where the cash flows of\u0000income-generating assets are sold to institutional investors as securities,\u0000liquidating illiquid assets. This practice presents persistent challenges due\u0000to the absence of a comprehensive mathematical framework for structuring\u0000asset-backed securities. While existing literature provides technical analysis\u0000of credit risk modeling, there remains a need for a definitive framework\u0000detailing the allocation of the inbound cash flows to the outbound positions.\u0000To fill this gap, we introduce the PEAL Method: a 10-step mathematical\u0000framework to streamline the securitization structuring across all time periods. The PEAL Method offers a rigorous and versatile approach, allowing\u0000practitioners to structure various types of securitizations, including those\u0000with complex vertical positions. By employing standardized equations, it\u0000facilitates the delineation of payment priorities and enhances risk\u0000characterization for both the asset and the liability sides throughout the\u0000securitization life cycle. In addition to its technical contributions, the PEAL Method aims to elevate\u0000industry standards by addressing longstanding challenges in securitization. By\u0000providing detailed information to investors and enabling transparent risk\u0000profile comparisons, it promotes market transparency and enables stronger\u0000regulatory oversight. In summary, the PEAL Method represents a significant advancement in\u0000securitization literature, offering a standardized framework for precision and\u0000efficiency in structuring transactions. Its adoption has the potential to drive\u0000innovation and enhance risk management practices in the securitization market.","PeriodicalId":501128,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - QuantFin - Risk Management","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140581626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coherent risk measures and uniform integrability","authors":"Muqiao Huang, Ruodu Wang","doi":"arxiv-2404.03783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2404.03783","url":null,"abstract":"We establish a profound connection between coherent risk measures, a\u0000prominent object in quantitative finance, and uniform integrability, a\u0000fundamental concept in probability theory. Instead of working with absolute\u0000values of random variables, which is convenient in studying integrability, we\u0000work directly with random loses and gains, which have clear financial\u0000interpretation. We introduce a technical tool called the folding score of\u0000distortion risk measures. The analysis of the folding score allows us to\u0000convert some conditions on absolute values to those on gains and losses. As our\u0000main results, we obtain three sets of equivalent conditions for uniform\u0000integrability. In particular, a set is uniformly integrable if and only if one\u0000can find a coherent distortion risk measure that is bounded on the set, but not\u0000finite on $L^1$.","PeriodicalId":501128,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - QuantFin - Risk Management","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140586561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nouhaila Innan, Alberto Marchisio, Muhammad Shafique, Mohamed Bennai
{"title":"QFNN-FFD: Quantum Federated Neural Network for Financial Fraud Detection","authors":"Nouhaila Innan, Alberto Marchisio, Muhammad Shafique, Mohamed Bennai","doi":"arxiv-2404.02595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2404.02595","url":null,"abstract":"This study introduces the Quantum Federated Neural Network for Financial\u0000Fraud Detection (QFNN-FFD), a cutting-edge framework merging Quantum Machine\u0000Learning (QML) and quantum computing with Federated Learning (FL) to innovate\u0000financial fraud detection. Using quantum technologies' computational power and\u0000FL's data privacy, QFNN-FFD presents a secure, efficient method for identifying\u0000fraudulent transactions. Implementing a dual-phase training model across\u0000distributed clients surpasses existing methods in performance. QFNN-FFD\u0000significantly improves fraud detection and ensures data confidentiality,\u0000marking a significant advancement in fintech solutions and establishing a new\u0000standard for privacy-focused fraud detection.","PeriodicalId":501128,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - QuantFin - Risk Management","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140586619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing Anomaly Detection in Financial Markets with an LLM-based Multi-Agent Framework","authors":"Taejin Park","doi":"arxiv-2403.19735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2403.19735","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a Large Language Model (LLM)-based multi-agent\u0000framework designed to enhance anomaly detection within financial market data,\u0000tackling the longstanding challenge of manually verifying system-generated\u0000anomaly alerts. The framework harnesses a collaborative network of AI agents,\u0000each specialised in distinct functions including data conversion, expert\u0000analysis via web research, institutional knowledge utilization or\u0000cross-checking and report consolidation and management roles. By coordinating\u0000these agents towards a common objective, the framework provides a comprehensive\u0000and automated approach for validating and interpreting financial data\u0000anomalies. I analyse the S&P 500 index to demonstrate the framework's\u0000proficiency in enhancing the efficiency, accuracy and reduction of human\u0000intervention in financial market monitoring. The integration of AI's autonomous\u0000functionalities with established analytical methods not only underscores the\u0000framework's effectiveness in anomaly detection but also signals its broader\u0000applicability in supporting financial market monitoring.","PeriodicalId":501128,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - QuantFin - Risk Management","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140586624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}