arXiv - CS - Computers and Society最新文献

Inside Out or Not: Privacy Implications of Emotional Disclosure 内向与否：情感披露对隐私的影响

arXiv - CS - Computers and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: arxiv-2409.11805

Elham Naghizade, Kaixin Ji, Benjamin Tag, Flora Salim

{"title":"Inside Out or Not: Privacy Implications of Emotional Disclosure","authors":"Elham Naghizade, Kaixin Ji, Benjamin Tag, Flora Salim","doi":"arxiv-2409.11805","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.11805","url":null,"abstract":"Privacy is dynamic, sensitive, and contextual, much like our emotions.\u0000Previous studies have explored the interplay between privacy and context,\u0000privacy and emotion, and emotion and context. However, there remains a\u0000significant gap in understanding the interplay of these aspects simultaneously.\u0000In this paper, we present a preliminary study investigating the role of\u0000emotions in driving individuals' information sharing behaviour, particularly in\u0000relation to urban locations and social ties. We adopt a novel methodology that\u0000integrates context (location and time), emotion, and personal information\u0000sharing behaviour, providing a comprehensive analysis of how contextual\u0000emotions affect privacy. The emotions are assessed with both self-reporting and\u0000electrodermal activity (EDA). Our findings reveal that self-reported emotions\u0000influence personal information-sharing behaviour with distant social groups,\u0000while neutral emotions lead individuals to share less precise information with\u0000close social circles, a pattern is potentially detectable with wrist-worn EDA.\u0000Our study helps lay the foundation for personalised emotion-aware strategies to\u0000mitigate oversharing risks and enhance user privacy in the digital age.","PeriodicalId":501112,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - CS - Computers and Society","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142263686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Law-based and standards-oriented approach for privacy impact assessment in medical devices: a topic for lawyers, engineers and healthcare practitioners in MedTech 以法律和标准为导向的医疗器械隐私影响评估方法：医疗技术领域律师、工程师和医疗从业人员的话题

arXiv - CS - Computers and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: arxiv-2409.11845

Yuri R. Ladeia, David M. Pereira

{"title":"Law-based and standards-oriented approach for privacy impact assessment in medical devices: a topic for lawyers, engineers and healthcare practitioners in MedTech","authors":"Yuri R. Ladeia, David M. Pereira","doi":"arxiv-2409.11845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.11845","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The integration of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)\u0000and the Medical Device Regulation (MDR) creates complexities in conducting Data\u0000Protection Impact Assessments (DPIAs) for medical devices. The adoption of\u0000non-binding standards like ISO and IEC can harmonize these processes by\u0000enhancing accountability and privacy by design. Methods: This study employs a\u0000multidisciplinary literature review, focusing on GDPR and MDR intersection in\u0000medical devices that process personal health data. It evaluates key standards,\u0000including ISO/IEC 29134 and IEC 62304, to propose a unified approach for DPIAs\u0000that aligns with legal and technical frameworks. Results: The analysis reveals\u0000the benefits of integrating ISO/IEC standards into DPIAs, which provide\u0000detailed guidance on implementing privacy by design, risk assessment, and\u0000mitigation strategies specific to medical devices. The proposed framework\u0000ensures that DPIAs are living documents, continuously updated to adapt to\u0000evolving data protection challenges. Conclusions: A unified approach combining\u0000European Union (EU) regulations and international standards offers a robust\u0000framework for conducting DPIAs in medical devices. This integration balances\u0000security, innovation, and privacy, enhancing compliance and fostering trust in\u0000medical technologies. The study advocates for leveraging both hard law and\u0000standards to systematically address privacy and safety in the design and\u0000operation of medical devices, thereby raising the maturity of the MedTech\u0000ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":501112,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - CS - Computers and Society","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142263685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Idiosyncratic properties of Australian STV election counting 澳大利亚 STV 选举计票的失常特性

arXiv - CS - Computers and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: arxiv-2409.11627

Andrew Conway, Michelle Blom, Alexander Ek, Peter J. Stuckey, Vanessa J. Teague, Damjan Vukcevic

引用次数: 0

Reporting Non-Consensual Intimate Media: An Audit Study of Deepfakes 报告未经同意的亲密媒体：深度伪造的审计研究

arXiv - CS - Computers and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: arxiv-2409.12138

Li Qiwei, Shihui Zhang, Andrew Timothy Kasper, Joshua Ashkinaze, Asia A. Eaton, Sarita Schoenebeck, Eric Gilbert

引用次数: 0

Gender Representation and Bias in Indian Civil Service Mock Interviews 印度公务员模拟面试中的性别代表性和偏见

arXiv - CS - Computers and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: arxiv-2409.12194

Somonnoy Banerjee, Sujan Dutta, Soumyajit Datta, Ashiqur R. KhudaBukhsh

引用次数: 0

Strategic Insights in Human and Large Language Model Tactics at Word Guessing Games 人类和大型语言模型在猜词游戏中的策略见解

arXiv - CS - Computers and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: arxiv-2409.11112

Matīss Rikters, Sanita Reinsone

引用次数: 0

The Role of AI Safety Institutes in Contributing to International Standards for Frontier AI Safety 人工智能安全机构在促进制定人工智能前沿安全国际标准方面的作用

arXiv - CS - Computers and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: arxiv-2409.11314

Kristina Fort

引用次数: 0

Beyond Algorithmic Fairness: A Guide to Develop and Deploy Ethical AI-Enabled Decision-Support Tools 超越算法公平：开发和部署道德人工智能决策支持工具指南

arXiv - CS - Computers and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: arxiv-2409.11489

Rosemarie Santa Gonzalez, Ryan Piansky, Sue M Bae, Justin Biddle, Daniel Molzahn

{"title":"Beyond Algorithmic Fairness: A Guide to Develop and Deploy Ethical AI-Enabled Decision-Support Tools","authors":"Rosemarie Santa Gonzalez, Ryan Piansky, Sue M Bae, Justin Biddle, Daniel Molzahn","doi":"arxiv-2409.11489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.11489","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and optimization hold\u0000substantial promise for improving the efficiency, reliability, and resilience\u0000of engineered systems. Due to the networked nature of many engineered systems,\u0000ethically deploying methodologies at this intersection poses challenges that\u0000are distinct from other AI settings, thus motivating the development of ethical\u0000guidelines tailored to AI-enabled optimization. This paper highlights the need\u0000to go beyond fairness-driven algorithms to systematically address ethical\u0000decisions spanning the stages of modeling, data curation, results analysis, and\u0000implementation of optimization-based decision support tools. Accordingly, this\u0000paper identifies ethical considerations required when deploying algorithms at\u0000the intersection of AI and optimization via case studies in power systems as\u0000well as supply chain and logistics. Rather than providing a prescriptive set of\u0000rules, this paper aims to foster reflection and awareness among researchers and\u0000encourage consideration of ethical implications at every step of the\u0000decision-making process.","PeriodicalId":501112,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - CS - Computers and Society","volume":"210 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gaps or Hallucinations? Gazing into Machine-Generated Legal Analysis for Fine-grained Text Evaluations 空白还是幻觉？凝视机器生成的法律分析，进行精细文本评估

arXiv - CS - Computers and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: arxiv-2409.09947

Abe Bohan Hou, William Jurayj, Nils Holzenberger, Andrew Blair-Stanek, Benjamin Van Durme

{"title":"Gaps or Hallucinations? Gazing into Machine-Generated Legal Analysis for Fine-grained Text Evaluations","authors":"Abe Bohan Hou, William Jurayj, Nils Holzenberger, Andrew Blair-Stanek, Benjamin Van Durme","doi":"arxiv-2409.09947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/arxiv-2409.09947","url":null,"abstract":"Large Language Models (LLMs) show promise as a writing aid for professionals\u0000performing legal analyses. However, LLMs can often hallucinate in this setting,\u0000in ways difficult to recognize by non-professionals and existing text\u0000evaluation metrics. In this work, we pose the question: when can\u0000machine-generated legal analysis be evaluated as acceptable? We introduce the\u0000neutral notion of gaps, as opposed to hallucinations in a strict erroneous\u0000sense, to refer to the difference between human-written and machine-generated\u0000legal analysis. Gaps do not always equate to invalid generation. Working with\u0000legal experts, we consider the CLERC generation task proposed in Hou et al.\u0000(2024b), leading to a taxonomy, a fine-grained detector for predicting gap\u0000categories, and an annotated dataset for automatic evaluation. Our best\u0000detector achieves 67% F1 score and 80% precision on the test set. Employing\u0000this detector as an automated metric on legal analysis generated by SOTA LLMs,\u0000we find around 80% contain hallucinations of different kinds.","PeriodicalId":501112,"journal":{"name":"arXiv - CS - Computers and Society","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142269358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

LLMs as information warriors? Auditing how LLM-powered chatbots tackle disinformation about Russia's war in Ukraine 法学硕士是信息战士？审核由 LLM 驱动的聊天机器人如何处理有关俄罗斯乌克兰战争的虚假信息

arXiv - CS - Computers and Society Pub Date : 2024-09-16 DOI: arxiv-2409.10697

Mykola Makhortykh, Ani Baghumyan, Victoria Vziatysheva, Maryna Sydorova, Elizaveta Kuznetsova

引用次数: 0