medRxiv - Geriatric Medicine最新文献_第3页

The Cambridge Questionnaire for Apathy and Impulsivity Traits (CamQUAIT): a novel assessment tool for frontotemporal lobar degeneration-related syndromes 剑桥冷漠和冲动特质问卷（CamQUAIT）：额颞叶变性相关综合征的新型评估工具

medRxiv - Geriatric Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-03 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.01.24309762

Claire J Lansdall, Rebecca Susan Williams, Ian Coyle-Gilchrist, Alexander G Murley, Matthew A Rouse, Andrew Bateman, James B Rowe

{"title":"The Cambridge Questionnaire for Apathy and Impulsivity Traits (CamQUAIT): a novel assessment tool for frontotemporal lobar degeneration-related syndromes","authors":"Claire J Lansdall, Rebecca Susan Williams, Ian Coyle-Gilchrist, Alexander G Murley, Matthew A Rouse, Andrew Bateman, James B Rowe","doi":"10.1101/2024.07.01.24309762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.01.24309762","url":null,"abstract":"State of the Art: Apathy and impulsivity are common in syndromes associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). They are associated with high carer distress and poor patient outcomes. There are limited treatment options and progress has been hindered by a lack of appropriate outcome measures. This study aimed to develop a carer-rated questionnaire oriented to people with syndromes associated with FTLD. Methodology: Principal component and Rasch analysis were conducted on carer-, clinician- and patient-reported questionnaires and performance-based tests of behavioural change in the Pick′s Disease and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy Prevalence and Incidence (PiPPIN) study. We identified two key components which informed subsequent item development for a novel scale which we call the Cambridge Questionnaire for Apathy and Impulsivity Traits (CamQUAIT). The resulting scale comprised two subscales assessing ″motivation and support″ (CamQUAIT-M) and ″impulsivity and challenging behaviours″ (CamQUAIT-C). An independent sample of 132 carers for people with FTLD-associated syndromes completed the CamQUAIT, along with a battery of existing measures. The CamQUAIT was reduced to 15 items following Rasch analysis.\u0000Results: Both subscales showed good construct validity as assessed by high Person separation index (CamQUAIT-M=0.9; CamQUAIT-C=0.7) and Cronbach′s alpha (CamQUAIT-M=0.9; CamQUAIT-C=0.8). The subscales correlated moderately with each other (r=0.376, p<0.001), and with existing measures of behavioural change. Conclusion: The CamQUAIT is a targeted measurement tool to assess apathy, impulsivity, and related behavioural change in the context of FTLD-related syndromes. The scale demonstrates good measurement properties and is sensitive to group differences, providing a suitable outcome measure to evaluate novel symptomatic treatments.","PeriodicalId":501025,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Geriatric Medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141550847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aging and Diabetes: Insights from American Seniors on Self-Care Practices, A Systematic Review & Meta-Synthesis. 老龄化与糖尿病：老龄化与糖尿病：美国老年人自我护理实践的启示，系统回顾与元综合》。

medRxiv - Geriatric Medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-01 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.01.24309671

David F Lo, Ahmed Gawash, Kunal P Shah, Jasmine Emanuel, Brandon Goodwin, Don Shamilov, Gaurav Kumar, Nathan Jean, Christian P White

{"title":"Aging and Diabetes: Insights from American Seniors on Self-Care Practices, A Systematic Review & Meta-Synthesis.","authors":"David F Lo, Ahmed Gawash, Kunal P Shah, Jasmine Emanuel, Brandon Goodwin, Don Shamilov, Gaurav Kumar, Nathan Jean, Christian P White","doi":"10.1101/2024.07.01.24309671","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.01.24309671","url":null,"abstract":"This systematic review aims to unravel the intricacies of diabetic self-management among geriatric people, drawing on current insights and understanding the complex paths geriatric people navigate. A wide search was conducted in health-oriented databases, including CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library while gray literature was excluded. The search combined keywords and subject headings, focusing on the geriatric population, diabetes, self-management, and qualitative research. A three-tiered screening process was employed, with titles and then abstracts initially reviewed. Full-text analysis followed, with disagreements resolved among reviewers. In total, there were 248 participants included across these eight studies. Positive attitudes and perceptions were found to play a significant role in optimizing diabetes self-care outcomes. Support from family and friends was identified as crucial for self-care, while healthcare professionals often lacked adequate support and encouragement. Participants emphasized the importance of listening to their bodies and acknowledging hidden issues. These themes collectively highlight the multifaceted aspects of diabetes self-care and the impact of various factors on the self-management experiences of geriatric individuals with diabetes. The goal of this review is not to objectify self-management as a treatment strategy but to emphasize the importance of cultivating positive attitudes, respecting individual values, and addressing cultural and ethnic differences in healthcare practices to enhance self-management in this population. By embracing cultural diversity, understanding barriers, and respecting individual values, healthcare professionals and policymakers can improve the quality of life for the geriatric population living with diabetes.","PeriodicalId":501025,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Geriatric Medicine","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141502117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Complementary value of molecular, phenotypic and functional aging biomarkers in dementia prediction 分子、表型和功能性衰老生物标志物在痴呆症预测中的互补价值

medRxiv - Geriatric Medicine Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.23.24309078

Andreas Engvig, Karl Trygve Kalleberg, Lars T. Westlye, Esten H. Leonardssen, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)

{"title":"Complementary value of molecular, phenotypic and functional aging biomarkers in dementia prediction","authors":"Andreas Engvig, Karl Trygve Kalleberg, Lars T. Westlye, Esten H. Leonardssen, Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI)","doi":"10.1101/2024.06.23.24309078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.06.23.24309078","url":null,"abstract":"DNA methylation age (MA), brain age (BA), and frailty index (FI) are putative aging biomarkers linked to dementia risk. We investigated their relationship and combined potential for prediction of stages of cognitive impairment and future risk of dementia using the ADNI database. Of several MA algorithms, DunedinPACE had the strongest association with neuropsychological tests and was included alongside BA and FI in predictive analyses.\u0000The pairwise correlations between age- and sex-adjusted measures for MA (aDundedinPACE), brain age (aBA), and frailty (aFI) were low (all <0.15). In a prediction model including age, sex, and aFI, we achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.95 for differentiating cognitively normal controls (CN) from dementia patients in a held-out test set. The best models for CN vs. mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and MCI vs. dementia contained age, sex, aFI and aBA as predictors, and achieved out-of-sample AUCs of 0.82 and 0.83 respectively. When combined with clinical biomarkers (apolipoprotein E ε4 allele count, memory, executive function), a model including aBA and aFI predicted 5-year dementia risk among MCI patients with an out-of-sample AUC of 0.83. aDunedinPACE did not improve the predictions. FI had a stronger adverse effect on prognosis in males, while BA's impact was greater in females.\u0000Our findings highlight complementary value of BA and FI in dementia prediction. The results support a multidimensional view of dementia, including an intertwined relationship between the biomarkers, sex, and prognosis. The tested MA's limited contribution suggests caution in their use for individual risk assessment of dementia.","PeriodicalId":501025,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Geriatric Medicine","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141502118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Influence of Parkinson’s Disease on Depression Through Structural Equation Modeling 通过结构方程模型分析帕金森氏症对抑郁症的影响

medRxiv - Geriatric Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.29.24308144

Jasmine Moon, Jonah Winninghoff, Mariam Paracha

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of Real-World Mobility Recovery after Hip Fracture using Digital Mobility Outcomes 利用数字移动结果评估髋部骨折后的实际移动恢复情况

medRxiv - Geriatric Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-31 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.31.24308265

Monika Engdal, Kristin Taraldsen, Carl-Philipp Jansen, Raphael Simon Peter, Beatrix Vereijken, Clemens Becker, Jorunn L Helbostad, Jochen Klenk

引用次数: 0

Post-stroke delirium and associations with neuroimaging biomarkers on routine Computed Tomography (CT): a cohort study 脑卒中后谵妄及其与常规计算机断层扫描（CT）神经影像生物标志物的关系：一项队列研究

medRxiv - Geriatric Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-29 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.28.24308083

Amanda Barugh, Andrew Farrall, Karen Ferguson, Susan Shenkin, Alasdair MacLullich, Gillian Mead

引用次数: 0

Naïve Bayes is an interpretable and predictive machine learning algorithm in predicting osteoporotic hip fracture in-hospital mortality compared to other machine learning algorithms 与其他机器学习算法相比，在预测骨质疏松性髋部骨折院内死亡率方面，奈维贝叶斯是一种可解释、可预测的机器学习算法

medRxiv - Geriatric Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.10.24307161

Jo-Wai Douglas Wang

{"title":"Naïve Bayes is an interpretable and predictive machine learning algorithm in predicting osteoporotic hip fracture in-hospital mortality compared to other machine learning algorithms","authors":"Jo-Wai Douglas Wang","doi":"10.1101/2024.05.10.24307161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.10.24307161","url":null,"abstract":"Osteoporotic hip fractures (HFs) in the elderly are a pertinent issue in healthcare, particularly in developed countries such as Australia. Estimating prognosis following admission remains a key challenge. Current predictive tools require numerous patient input features including those unavailable early in admission. Moreover, attempts to explain machine learning [ML]-based predictions are lacking. We developed 7 ML prognostication models to predict in-hospital mortality following minimal trauma HF in those aged ≥ 65 years of age, requiring only sociodemographic and comorbidity data as input. Hyperparameter tuning was performed via fractional factorial design of experiments combined with grid search; models were evaluated with 5-fold cross-validation and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). For explainability, ML models were directly interpreted as well as analyzed with SHAP values. Top performing models were random forests, naïve Bayes [NB], extreme gradient boosting, and logistic regression (AUROCs ranging 0.682 – 0.696, p>0.05). Interpretation of models found the most important features were chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular comorbidities and markers of bone metabolism; NB also offers direct intuitive interpretation. Overall, we conclude that NB has much potential as an algorithm, due to its simplicity and interpretability whilst maintaining competitive predictive performance.","PeriodicalId":501025,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Geriatric Medicine","volume":"159 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140935184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Characteristics and needs of Vietnamese technical intern trainees (care workers) in Japan: A qualitative study 日本越南技术实习生（护理人员）的特点和需求：定性研究

medRxiv - Geriatric Medicine Pub Date : 2024-05-05 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.03.24306822

Koji Hara, Tomokazu Yamamura, Li Ningyi, Pham Thu Huong

引用次数: 0

Social-media based health education plus exercise programme (SHEEP) to improve muscle function among young-old adults with possible sarcopenia in the community: A feasibility study protocol 基于社交媒体的健康教育加运动计划（SHEEP），旨在改善社区中可能患有肌肉疏松症的年轻成人的肌肉功能：可行性研究方案

medRxiv - Geriatric Medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-30 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.28.24306512

Ya Shi, Emma Stanmore, Lisa McGarrigle, Chris Todd

引用次数: 0

A randomized open-label, observational study of the novel ketone ester, bis octanoyl (R)-1,3-butanediol, and its acute effect on ß-hydroxybutyrate and glucose concentrations in healthy older adults 关于新型酮酯双辛酰(R)-1,3-丁二醇及其对健康老年人体内ß-羟丁酸和葡萄糖浓度的急性影响的随机开放标签观察研究

medRxiv - Geriatric Medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.16.24305925

Elizabeth B. Stephens, Chatura Senadheera, Stephanie Roa-Diaz, Sawyer Peralta, Laura Alexander, Wendie Silverman-Martin, Michi Yukawa, Jenifer Morris, James B. Johnson, John C. Newman, Brianna J. Stubbs

{"title":"A randomized open-label, observational study of the novel ketone ester, bis octanoyl (R)-1,3-butanediol, and its acute effect on ß-hydroxybutyrate and glucose concentrations in healthy older adults","authors":"Elizabeth B. Stephens, Chatura Senadheera, Stephanie Roa-Diaz, Sawyer Peralta, Laura Alexander, Wendie Silverman-Martin, Michi Yukawa, Jenifer Morris, James B. Johnson, John C. Newman, Brianna J. Stubbs","doi":"10.1101/2024.04.16.24305925","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.04.16.24305925","url":null,"abstract":"Bis-octanoyl (R)-1,3-butanediol (BO-BD) is a novel ketone ester (KE) ingredient which increases blood beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) concentrations rapidly after ingestion. KE is hypothesized to have beneficial metabolic effects on health and performance, especially in older adults. Whilst many studies have investigated the ketogenic effect of KE in young adults, they have not been studied in an exclusively older adult population, for whom age-related differences in body composition and metabolism may alter the effects. This randomized, observational, open-label study in healthy older adults (n = 30, 50% male, age = 76.5 years, BMI = 25.2 kg/m2) aimed to elucidate acute tolerance, blood BHB and blood glucose concentrations for 4 hours following consumption of either 12.5 or 25 g of BO-BD formulated firstly as a ready-to-drink beverage (n = 30), then as a re-constituted powder (n = 21), taken with a standard meal. Both serving sizes and formulations of BO-BD were well tolerated, and increased blood BHB, inducing nutritional ketosis (≥ 0.5mM) that lasted until the end of the study. Ketosis was dose responsive; peak BHB concentration (Cmax) and incremental area under the curve (iAUC) were significantly greater with 25 g compared to 12.5 g of BO-BD in both formulations. There were no significant differences in Cmax or iAUC between formulations. Blood glucose increased in all conditions following the meal; there were no consistent significant differences in glucose response between conditions. These results demonstrate that both powder and beverage formulations of the novel KE, BO-BD, induce ketosis in healthy older adults, facilitating future research on functional effects of this ingredient in aging.","PeriodicalId":501025,"journal":{"name":"medRxiv - Geriatric Medicine","volume":"139 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140636369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0