Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus最新文献

{"title":"Tripod Lamellar Cataract.","authors":"Sana Nadeem","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20260106-02","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20260106-02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"304"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146167826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovations in the Treatment of Retinopathy of Prematurity.","authors":"Hal Schwartzstein, Daniel T Weaver, Rudolph S Wagner","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20260612-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20260612-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":"63 4","pages":"233-236"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148550993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Quality of Vision Therapy Content on TikTok for Pediatric Visual and Learning Disorders.","authors":"Ishan Bhanot, Karanpreet Multani, Michael Puente, Emily A McCourt","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20251008-02","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20251008-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To analyze the origin and quality of health information on one social media platform on the use of vision therapy in treating pediatric visual and learning disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nine hashtags were selected, and the 20 most liked videos were independently assessed using the DISCERN and Global Quality Scoring (GQS) systems, totaling 147 videos with 11,194,000 views. Across all hashtags, vision therapy content was predominantly created by behavioral optometrists (32.2%) and vision therapy clinics (21.2%).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This content scored poorly on both the DISCERN and GQS scoring systems, demonstrating widespread misinformation. With the increasing influence of social media on health care decisions, misinformation may lead to misguided treatment choices, potentially delaying evidence-based care. These findings underscore the need for increased engagement from ophthalmologists and other medical professionals to provide accurate, research-backed information and counter the spread of misleading claims of vision therapy in treating pediatric and visual learning disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Future research should explore content across multiple platforms and broaden the scope of analysis to enhance the understanding of online health misinformation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"281-285"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145655999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From Kitten's Claw to Vision Flaw: A Case of Pediatric Central Retinal Artery Occlusion Associated With <i>Bartonella henselae</i> Infection.","authors":"Nitin Narayan Rao, Samantha De Groot, Collin Olevson, Jody Huber, Margaret Free, Gabriela Carrera, Abigail Kunz, Hayley Klein","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20260529-01","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20260529-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Central retinal artery occlusion is rare in pediatrics and typically linked to embolic or hematologic disorders. The authors describe a 13-year-old boy with acute central retinal artery occlusion and elevated <i>Bartonella henselae</i> titers following kitten exposure. Extensive evaluation was unrevealing, suggesting a rare inflammatory association between cat scratch disease and pediatric retinal arterial ischemia. The main take-away from this case is to also look for infectious causes, which are rare and not the first to be investigated for during central retinal artery occlusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":"63 4","pages":"e36-e38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148551009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Evaluation of Unilateral Recession-Plication Versus Bilateral Three-Muscle Surgery for Large-Angle Exotropia.","authors":"Kamlesh Anand, Vaibhav Nagpal, Paromita Dutta, Anju Rastogi, Kartika Anand","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20260521-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20260521-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate and compare unilateral recession-plication versus bilateral three-muscle surgery for large-angle exotropia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective interventional non-randomized comparative study was conducted involving 66 patients with large-angle exotropia, with deviation between 50 and 65 prism diopters (PD). Patients were divided into two groups: those who underwent unilateral large lateral rectus (LR) recession (≥8 mm) and medial rectus (MR) plication (>5 mm) (two-muscle group), and those who underwent bilateral LR recession (7.5 to 9 mm each eye) and MR resection (5 mm) in the non-dominant eye (three-muscle group). Patients were administered the Adult Strabismus-20 (AS-20) questionnaire before surgery and at the 3-month follow-up visit.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean preoperative deviation for distance in the two-muscle (n = 34) and three-muscle (n = 32) groups was 56.53 ± 5.62 and 54.89 ± 5.83 PD, respectively (<i>P</i> = .849). The mean postoperative deviation was 9.29 ± 3.16 PD in the two-muscle group and 8.44 ± 3.54 PD in the three-muscle group at the 6-month postoperative visit (<i>P</i> = .303). A successful motor outcome was observed in 25 of 34 patients (73.53%) in the two-muscle group and 24 of 32 patients (75%) in the three-muscle group (<i>P</i> = 1.00). Both groups showed a statistically significant improvement in AS-20 scores. There was a comparable low-grade limitation of ocular motility in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In patients with large-angle exotropia up to 65 PD, two-muscle surgery achieved acceptable ocular alignment with no statistically significant difference in motor outcomes or motility limitations compared to traditional three-muscle surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148273471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systemic Inflammatory Markers and Their Relationship With Optic Nerve Head Alterations in Pediatric Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.","authors":"Eyupcan Sensoy, Sanıye Uke Uzun, Mehmet Emre Ayan, Ayse Kacar Bayram","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20260415-03","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20260415-03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate systemic hematological inflammatory markers in pediatric patients with newly diagnosed idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) and to investigate their associations with optic nerve head involvement assessed by retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 33 pediatric patients with IIH and 32 age- and sex-matched controls. Complete blood count parameters were recorded at diagnosis. Derived inflammatory indices (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, systemic immune-inflammation index, systemic inflammatory response index [SIRI], and pan-immune-inflammation value [PIV]) were calculated. RNFL thickness was measured using optical coherence tomography, and associations with inflammatory markers, Frisén grade, and lumbar puncture opening pressure were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Neutrophil and immature granulocyte counts, as well as the SIRI and PIV, were significantly higher in the pediatric IIH group compared with the control group (all <i>P</i> < .05). Immature granulocyte count showed moderate and significant correlations with average and temporal RNFL thickness and Frisén grade (<i>P</i> ≤ .04). Neutrophil count correlated moderately with temporal RNFL and Frisén grade, whereas SIRI was weak and PIV was modestly associated with Frisén grade; PIV also correlated with temporal RNFL (<i>P</i> ≤ .04). Receiver operating characteristic analysis indicated that immature granulocyte count had the highest discriminative performance for pediatric IIH (area under the curve = 0.689).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study indicates that inflammatory markers, including immature neutrophil and granulocyte counts, as well as SIRI and PIV, may be elevated in pediatric IIH. Among these, immature granulocyte count showed the most consistent correlation with disease-related structural findings, suggesting its potential role as an inflammatory indicator in IIH. These results highlight possible links between systemic inflammatory parameters and IIH and related optic nerve involvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148273546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating Large Language Models to Improve Spanish Patient Education on Childhood Glaucoma.","authors":"Mallika Tyagi, Qais A Dihan, Ahmad F Alzein, Olga C Salamanca, Dania A Rahal, Mariam Vila Delgado, Carina T Sanvicente, Mohamed Khodeiry, Ayman G Elnahry, Christiane Rolim-de-Moura, Ta C Chang, Daniel E Maidana, Abdelrahman M Elhusseiny","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20260416-02","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20260416-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness of ChatGPT-4o (OpenAI) in enhancing the readability and quality of Spanish patient educational materials (PEMs) on childhood glaucoma, and to determine whether they are written above the recommended 6th-grade reading level (per American Medical Association recommendation).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional comparative study analyzed 10 original Spanish-language PEMs on \"glaucoma infantil.\" Each was inputted into ChatGPT-4o using a Spanish-language prompt requesting improved readability to a score of 70 or greater on the INFLESZ scale (adaptation of the Flesch-Szigriszt Index for Spanish-language texts), which is equivalent to a 4th- to 6th-grade reading level. Original and revised PEMs were compared using the INFLESZ scale. Additionally, three native Spanish-speaking ophthalmologists assessed each PEM's quality using a published 15-point Likert scale evaluating helpfulness, truthfulness, and harmlessness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Original PEMs had a mean INFLESZ score of 56.6 ± 4.9 (8th-grade level). ChatGPT-4o significantly improved readability to 69.6 ± 2.3 (4th- to 6th-grade level, <i>P</i> < .001). Revised PEMs had fewer syllables, words, and complex words without a significant difference in sentence count. Quality remained high across both groups (median score = 15, <i>P</i> = .74), and no hallucinations were observed in artificial intelligence-generated text.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ChatGPT-4o can be used as a supplemental tool by health care professionals to improve the readability of existing Spanish PEMs on childhood glaucoma, without sacrificing the quality, accuracy, or reliability of their content.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148273522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TeleROP-NI: Modernizing Retinopathy of Prematurity Screening in Northern Ireland to Enhance Decision-making and Ensure Sustainability.","authors":"Barnaby Carr, Eibhlin McLoone, Michael O'Gallagher, Kate Shirley, Sonia George, Linda Hamilton","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20260408-02","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20260408-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To present safety and effectiveness data on a real-world retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) telemedicine screening model in Northern Ireland and to evaluate a novel virtual multidisciplinary team (MDT) approach to ROP decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were collected on all ROP screens performed in Northern Ireland between May 1, 2023, and October 31, 2023. A total of 431 screens (N = 127 infants) were undertaken: 250 by imagers only, 40 by both imagers and ophthalmologists using binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy, and 141 by ophthalmologists only. A survey of MDT members (n = 17) assessed the perceived value of the virtual MDT model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-eight percent of screens were completed by ROP imagers, with 98.2% sensitivity in detecting any ROP, 100% sensitivity in detecting treatment-warranted ROP, and 100% specificity of determining absence of ROP. Ninety-eight percent of imaging screens were tolerated by infants. The MDT survey demonstrated favorable feedback, including how TeleROP-NI increases the likelihood of trainees undertaking ROP screening.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study confirms that the TeleROP-NI significantly reduced ophthalmologist workload and streamlined organizational barriers. Imaging of infants by nonclinicians is a safe and valuable practice, which allows an MDT approach to collective decision-making when treating patients in an area of medicine with serious clinical and medicolegal implications if disease is missed.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148273527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular Microstructural Alterations in Children With Spina Bifida: An Optical Coherence Tomography Study.","authors":"Gamze Ucan Gunduz, Sema Nizam Tekcan, Duygu Erdem, Ozgur Taskapilioglu, Guven Ozkaya, Ozgur Yalcinbayir","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20260417-01","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20260417-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate microstructural alterations in the retina, choroid, and optic nerve head in children with spina bifida using optical coherence tomography.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-eight children with spina bifida and 32 children without spina bifida were included in this cross-sectional study. Both groups were matched for age and sex. Comprehensive ophthalmological examinations included optical coherence tomography imaging of the macula, choroid, and peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age was 10.2 ± 3.5 years. Axial length was significantly shorter in patients with spina bifida (<i>P</i> = .025), and hyperopia was more frequent (<i>P</i> < .001). Central macular thickness was similar between the two groups (<i>P</i> = .553). However, single retinal layer analysis revealed significant differences. In patients with spina bifida, the outer nuclear layer was thicker (<i>P</i> = .019) and the inner nuclear and outer plexiform layers were thinner (<i>P</i> = .038, <i>P</i> = .035). Subfoveal and nasal choroidal thicknesses were greater in patients with spina bifida (<i>P</i> = .012, <i>P</i> = .038). However, there was no significant difference in choroidal thickness after comparing the two groups by controlling the axial length variable.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children with spina bifida may have retinal and choroidal alterations detectable with optical coherence tomography. Choroidal changes may be related to shorter axial length, whereas retinal alterations could reflect impaired macular development in spina bifida.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148273560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Visual Sequelae of Shaken Baby Syndrome: A Retrospective Study of 52 Cases.","authors":"Emilie Boulert, Sabine Defoort-Dhellemmes, Damien Wargnez, Vasily Smirnov, Isabelle Drumare","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20260416-01","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20260416-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To perform a clinical descriptive analysis of the long-term ophthalmological sequelae present in shaken baby syndrome and to evaluate a possible correlation between the grade of initial retinal hemorrhage at diagnosis and the severity of ophthalmological sequelae at school age and whether there was an association between the resorption time of initial retinal hemorrhages and ophthalmological sequelae.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-two children aged 5 to 11 years with retinal hemorrhages and confirmed shaking injury were included. Visual acuity, fundus, macular optical coherence tomography, retinal nerve fiber layer, and visual fields were evaluated and analyzed according to initial retinal hemorrhage severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the study population, 50% of children had macular impairment seen on optical coherence tomography (epiretinal membrane, retinal atrophy, internal limiting detachment, or vitreous abnormality), 42.3% had amblyopia (18% functional amblyopia and 24% organic amblyopia), 42% had strabismus, 40% had fundus abnormality (scar visible on fundus or infrared), 37% had retinal nerve fiber layer deficiency, 8% had visual field impairment (chiasmatic or retrochiasmatic impairment), and 2% had cortical blindness. Children had significantly more ophthalmological sequelae if the retinal hemorrhages were grade 3 according to the 2011 Haute Autorité de Santé (HAS) classification (French classification of retinal hemorrhages based on their number and topography). The longer the retinal hemorrhage resorption time, the more significant the ophthalmological sequelae appeared to be.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Shaken baby syndrome is responsible for numerous ophthalmological sequelae. Some are irreversible (epiretinal membrane), whereas others are reversible and can be rehabilitated (amblyopia). Detecting ophthalmological sequelae is important to monitor for complications that may arise and also contributes to the child's integration into society.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148037201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}