Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus最新文献

Implementing Generative AI to Enhance Patient Education on Retinopathy of Prematurity. 运用生成式人工智能加强早产儿视网膜病变患者教育。

IF 1 4区医学

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20250515-01

Qais A Dihan, Andrew D Brown, Ana T Zaldivar, Kendall E Montgomery, Muhammad Z Chauhan, Seif E Abdelnaem, Arsalan A Ali, Sayena Jabbehdari, Amr Azzam, Ahmed B Sallam, Abdelrahman M Elhusseiny

{"title":"Implementing Generative AI to Enhance Patient Education on Retinopathy of Prematurity.","authors":"Qais A Dihan, Andrew D Brown, Ana T Zaldivar, Kendall E Montgomery, Muhammad Z Chauhan, Seif E Abdelnaem, Arsalan A Ali, Sayena Jabbehdari, Amr Azzam, Ahmed B Sallam, Abdelrahman M Elhusseiny","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250515-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20250515-01","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of large language models (LLMs) in generating patient education materials (PEMs) on retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).Methods: ChatGPT-3.5 (OpenAI), ChatGPT-4 (OpenAI), and Gemini (Google AI) were compared on three separate prompts. Prompt A requested that each LLM generate a novel PEM on ROP. Prompt B requested generated PEMs at the 6th-grade reading level using the validated Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) readability formula. Prompt C requested LLMs improve the readability of existing, human-written PEMs to a 6th-grade reading level. PEMs inserted into Prompt C were sourced through a Google search of \"retinopathy of prematurity.\" Each PEM was analyzed for readability (SMOG, Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level [FKGL]), quality (Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool [PEMAT], DISCERN), and accuracy (Likert Misinformation Scale).Results: LLM-generated PEMs were of high quality (median DISCERN = 4), understandable (PEMAT-U ≥ 70%), and accurate (Likert = 1). Prompt B generated more readable PEMs than Prompt A (P < .001). ChatGPT-4 and Gemini rewrote PEMs (Prompt C) from a baseline readability level (FKGL: 8.8 ± 1.9, SMOG: 8.6 ± 1.5) to the targeted 6th-grade reading level. Only ChatGPT-4 rewrites maintained high quality and reliability (median DISCERN = 4).Conclusions: LLMs, particularly ChatGPT-4, can serve as strong supplementary tools to automate the process of generating readable and high-quality PEMs for parents on ROP. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 20XX;X(X):XXX-XXX.].","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stereopsis Outcome in Refractive Accommodative Esotropia Successfully Treated With an Age of Onset Within 6 Months of Life. 屈光调节性内斜视成功治疗且发病年龄在6个月以内的立体视结果。

IF 1 4区医学

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20250515-03

Teiji Yagasaki, Yoshimi Yokoyama, Ayaka Yagasaki, Kenta Hozumi

{"title":"Stereopsis Outcome in Refractive Accommodative Esotropia Successfully Treated With an Age of Onset Within 6 Months of Life.","authors":"Teiji Yagasaki, Yoshimi Yokoyama, Ayaka Yagasaki, Kenta Hozumi","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250515-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20250515-03","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate factors influencing stereopsis outcomes in patients with fully refractive accommodative esotropia (RAET) that developed within the first 6 months of life, and were successfully aligned within 10 prism diopters of orthophoria.Methods: This retrospective study included 29 patients with RAET, aged 6 months or younger at onset. Patients were divided into two groups based on stereopsis outcomes: measurable (n = 11) and nil (n = 18). The study variables included age at esotropia onset, age at initial visit, age at first wearing of glasses, duration of misalignment, duration of treatment, cycloplegic refraction, and angle of ocular deviation. Additionally, the relationship between the timing of initial wearing of glasses (≤ 8 months) and stereopsis outcomes was analyzed.Results: No significant differences were found between the measurable and nil groups in any of the measured variables. The frequencies of measurable stereopsis outcomes also showed no significant differences between patients with a duration of misalignment of 4 months or less (n = 7) and those with a duration of more than 4 months (n = 22) (57% [4/7] vs 32% [7/22]; P = .375, Fisher's exact test). However, the frequencies of measurable stereopsis outcomes in patients treated with first wearing of cycloplegic glasses at 8 months or younger (n = 9) were significantly higher than those treated with first wearing of cycloplegic glasses at older than 8 months (n = 20) (66% [6/9] vs 25% [5/20]; P = .048, Fisher's exact test).Conclusions: The most important factor associated with a measurable stereopsis outcome was age at first wearing of cycloplegic glasses (≤ 8 months), with 66% of these patients achieving measurable stereopsis. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 20XX;X(X):XXX-XXX.].","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Influence of Myopia Progression in Children on the Risk of Retinal Detachment: A Comprehensive Outcomes Analysis. 儿童近视进展对视网膜脱离风险的影响：一项综合结果分析。

IF 1 4区医学

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20250515-02

Shon Shmushkevich, Shannan Berzack, Sandi Bajrami, Patrick Higgins, Rudolph S Wagner

{"title":"The Influence of Myopia Progression in Children on the Risk of Retinal Detachment: A Comprehensive Outcomes Analysis.","authors":"Shon Shmushkevich, Shannan Berzack, Sandi Bajrami, Patrick Higgins, Rudolph S Wagner","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250515-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20250515-02","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the long-term association between childhood myopia and the risk of retinal detachment over a 10-year follow-up period.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the TriNetX platform, which included 66 United States health care organizations' electronic medical records. Children diagnosed as having myopia (n = 151,499) were compared to a control group of children without myopia who received routine health examinations (n = 5,073,124). Propensity score matching was applied to control for age, gender, and race, resulting in 145,814 patients in each cohort for analysis.Results: Within the study period from October 16, 2004 to October 16, 2024, 657 children (0.5%) in the myopic cohort and 63 children (0.04%) in the control cohort developed retinal detachment. The risk difference was 0.004 (95% CI: 0.004 to 0.004, P < .001), with a risk ratio of 10.43. The odds ratio was 10.47 (95% CI: 8.09 to 13.56). The average number of retinal detachments per child between the cohorts was not statistically significant.Conclusions: Children with myopia are at an increased risk of retinal detachment over a 10-year period. This highlights an urgent need for early detection and monitoring of these children to prevent myopia progression and retinal detachment. The findings reinforce the growing need for public health measures and clinical approaches aimed at slowing myopia progression in pediatric populations. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 20XX;X(X):XXXXXX.].","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-4"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144499038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Adult-Onset Comitant Esotropia: Patient Characteristics and Medical Evaluation. 成人并发性内斜视：患者特征和医学评价。

IF 1 4区医学

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20250404-05

Iniya K Adhan, Laurel Lam, Matthew Wallingford, Karen E Lee, Tobin Thuma, Khanh Bui, Nikhil Mehta, Nathan Delacth, Angela Yang, Bruce Schnall, Kammi B Gunton

{"title":"Adult-Onset Comitant Esotropia: Patient Characteristics and Medical Evaluation.","authors":"Iniya K Adhan, Laurel Lam, Matthew Wallingford, Karen E Lee, Tobin Thuma, Khanh Bui, Nikhil Mehta, Nathan Delacth, Angela Yang, Bruce Schnall, Kammi B Gunton","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250404-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20250404-05","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To categorize the demographics, clinical profile, and medical work-up findings in adult-onset comitant esotropia (AOCET).Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective study of adult patients with AOCET and without a history of childhood strabismus, prior strabismus surgery, ocular trauma, recent concussion, other neurologic symptoms excluding diplopia, duction deficit, or evidence of sixth cranial nerve palsy. Patients were analyzed by age of onset and refractive error.Results: Two hundred sixty-eight patients were included, for which the mean age was 53.7 ± 19.3 years. There were more women (62.7%) than men (37.3%) overall and in every age decade. The mean refractive error was -3.22 ± 3.84 diopters, with myopia being prevalent in the younger decades, whereas the proportion of hypermetropia increased as age of onset increased. The overall mean distance esotropia was 17.2 ± 13.1 prism diopters, and was seen in an inverse relationship pattern with higher mean esotropia in the younger cohorts and lower mean esotropia in older patients. An etiology for esotropia was identified in 18 of 268 (6.7%) but only revealed new diagnoses for 6 patients: 4 thyroid eye disease, 1 myasthenia gravis, and 1 multiple sclerosis.Conclusions: The study revealed a predominantly female, White, and myopic cohort. Testing for thyroid eye disease, myasthenia gravis, and neuroimaging rarely found an underlying medical cause for AOCET. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 20XX;X(X):XXX-XXX.].","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Endogenous Endophthalmitis in Children: A 5-Year Retrospective Study in Vietnam. 越南儿童内源性眼内炎的5年回顾性研究

IF 1 4区医学

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20250404-04

Ngan-Ha Nguyen, Minh-Phu Nguyen, Hung Phu Trang Nguyen, Hoa Kieu Mai, Son Truong Do, Hai Xuan Ho, Anshuman Agrawal, Bo Wang, Michael X Repka

{"title":"Endogenous Endophthalmitis in Children: A 5-Year Retrospective Study in Vietnam.","authors":"Ngan-Ha Nguyen, Minh-Phu Nguyen, Hung Phu Trang Nguyen, Hoa Kieu Mai, Son Truong Do, Hai Xuan Ho, Anshuman Agrawal, Bo Wang, Michael X Repka","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250404-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20250404-04","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To describe the findings and outcomes in pediatric endogenous endophthalmitis cases over a 5-year period in Vietnam.Methods: All cases of pediatric endogenous endophthalmitis seen at Vietnam National Eye Hospital from 2016 to 2020 (n = 157) were retrospectively studied. Data on epidemiology, microbiology, clinical manifestations, ultrasound findings, and outcomes were collected and analyzed. Success was defined as visual acuity of counting fingers at 1 meter or better if visual acuity testing could be done, and a fully attached retina, controlled intraocular pressure, and no phthisis bulbi.Results: The mean patient age was 6.0 ± 3.8 years. Gram-positive cocci were the most common causative agents (45.2%), followed by Gram-negative bacilli (10.8%). Among 31 cases in which both vitreous and aqueous specimens were collected, 17 (54.8%) showed discordant microbiological results. The overall treatment success rate was 38.2%. An initial visual acuity better than light perception was associated with a higher success rate (45.8% vs 16.7%, P < .05). Children presenting with ultrasound grade 3 vitreous opacity had a lower success rate compared to those with grades 1 and 2 combined (38.1% vs 69.6%, P < .05).Conclusions: Gram-positive cocci were the most frequently identified pathogens in children with endogenous endophthalmitis in Vietnam. The low agreement between smear stain and culture results indicates that using both methods could enhance diagnostic accuracy. Initial visual acuity at admission and the degree of vitreous opacity were recognized as important prognostic factors for treatment outcomes. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 20XX;X(X):XXX-XXX.].","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quality and Readability of Patient Educational Materials Generated by ChatGPT-4o for Pediatric Ophthalmologic Surgeries. chatgpt - 40生成的儿童眼科手术患者教材的质量和可读性

IF 1 4区医学

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20250404-01

Albert Yang, Mark Reid, Angeline M Nguyen, Sudha Nallasamy, Federico G Velez, Alejandra G de Alba Campomanes, Melinda Y Chang

{"title":"Quality and Readability of Patient Educational Materials Generated by ChatGPT-4o for Pediatric Ophthalmologic Surgeries.","authors":"Albert Yang, Mark Reid, Angeline M Nguyen, Sudha Nallasamy, Federico G Velez, Alejandra G de Alba Campomanes, Melinda Y Chang","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250404-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20250404-01","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate the quality and readability of ChatGPT-4o-generated (ChatGPT) (OpenAI) patient education materials (PEMs) about pediatric ophthalmo-logic surgical procedures and compare these to PEMs from the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) website.Methods: The authors prompted ChatGPT-4o to provide PEMs on four procedures-strabismus surgery without adjustable sutures, strabismus surgery with adjustable sutures, pediatric cataract surgery, and nasolacrimal duct probing. The prompt requested responses at a 6th grade level in both Spanish and English. English ChatGPT responses were compared to AAPOS PEMs on quality (using the Quality of Generated Language Outputs for Patients [QGLOP] scale) and readability. English and Spanish ChatGPT responses were also compared on quality and readability.Results: Based on average scores from the four procedures, AAPOS PEMs were superior to English ChatGPT responses on the accuracy, currency, and tone sub-scales of the QGLOP score (4.0 ± 0 vs 2.79 ± 0.79, P = .0021; 3.79 ± 0.26 vs 3.38 ± 0.71, P = .033; 4.0 ± 0 vs 3.42 ± 0.69, P = .042, respectively). There was no significant difference in readability between AAPOS PEMs and English ChatGPT responses. English and Spanish Chat- GPT responses did not significantly differ on quality or readability.Conclusions: ChatGPT-4o-generated PEMs on pediatric ophthalmologic surgical conditions are currently inferior in quality to PEMs on the AAPOS website. However, because ChatGPT is continually being updated and trained, this study should be repeated in the future to determine whether metrics improve over time. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 20XX;X(X):XXX-XXX.].","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Efficacy of Mydrin-P Microdrops Over Standard Dose Mydrin-P for Pupil Dilation in Retinopathy of Prematurity Examination. Mydrin-P微滴剂与标准剂量Mydrin-P治疗早产儿视网膜病变瞳孔扩张疗效比较的随机对照试验。

IF 1 4区医学

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20250424-02

Evelyn Lu, Ka Yin Leung, Wilfred Hing Sang Wong, Connie H Y Lai, Khair Jalal

{"title":"Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing the Efficacy of Mydrin-P Microdrops Over Standard Dose Mydrin-P for Pupil Dilation in Retinopathy of Prematurity Examination.","authors":"Evelyn Lu, Ka Yin Leung, Wilfred Hing Sang Wong, Connie H Y Lai, Khair Jalal","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250424-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20250424-02","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To compare the efficacy of a reduced dose of Mydrin-P (0.5% tropicamide and 0.5% phenylephrine hydrochloride) (Santen Pharmaceutical) using micro-drops with standard Mydrin-P eye drops for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) examinations.Methods: A prospective, randomized controlled, non-inferiority study was conducted in a single neonatal intensive care unit in Hong Kong. Eighteen infants with an estimated gestational age at birth of 32 weeks or less and/or birth weight of 1,500 g or less were recruited and randomized to receive either standard Mydrin-P eye drops or Mydrin-P microdrops (one-third of the standard dose). All patients were subsequently examined by an ophthalmologist for the presence of ROP. Serial pupil diameters and other clinical parameters were also measured after mydriatics were applied.Results: Eighteen infants with 46 eye examinations for ROP were included. All fundus examinations with microdrop instillation led to successful ROP assessments with no statistically significant difference compared to standard eye drops (P = .233). Mean pupil diameter did not differ between the microdrop (5.73 mm) and standard eye drop (5.47 mm) groups at the time of exami- nation. No statistically significant difference in systemic side effects was observed between the two groups.Conclusions: Mydriatic Mydrin-P microdrops demonstrated similar efficacy compared to standard Mydrin-P eye drops and should replace standard Mydrin-P for ROP screening in preterm infants with potentially fewer side effects. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 20XX;X(X):XXX-XXX.].","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shaping OCT Norms in Children: The Impact of Age, Refraction, Gender, and Ethnicity. 塑造儿童OCT规范：年龄、折射、性别和种族的影响。

IF 1 4区医学

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20250312-01

Ilias Haffane, Antonella Boschi, Demet Yüksel, Coralie Hemptinne

{"title":"Shaping OCT Norms in Children: The Impact of Age, Refraction, Gender, and Ethnicity.","authors":"Ilias Haffane, Antonella Boschi, Demet Yüksel, Coralie Hemptinne","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250312-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20250312-01","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To establish a normative database of optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters in children and examine the effects of spherical refraction, age, gender, and ethnicity on these measurements.Methods: OCT measurements were performed using spectral-domain OCT (HD-OCT Cirrus 6000) on children aged 3 to 17.9 years. A total of 274 eyes from 137 children were included. Mean age was 10.41 ± 3.79 years and mean spherical equivalent refraction was +0.23 ± 2.79 diopters. Optic nerve and macular parameters were assessed, and a normative database was established distinguishing between children younger and older than 10 years. Only participants without any ophthalmological pathology with an OCT scan quality signal of 7 or above were included.Results: The study provides a normative database for optic nerve head parameters, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), and macular thicknesses in a normal pediatric population. Age showed a significant negative correlation with rim area and the temporal quadrant of RNFL thickness and a positive correlation with central macular thickness. Refraction demonstrated a significant positive correlation with rim area, RNFL, GCL, and macular thicknesses. Ethnicity was correlated with disk area, cup-to-disk ratios, cup volume, and RNFL thickness, and central macular thickness was significantly thicker in boys.Conclusions: This study provides reference normative data for Cirrus OCT measurements in normal children. These were significantly influenced by age, refraction, gender, and ethnicity. The tendency of diminution in spherical equivalent with age likely led to a thinning of RNFL, GCL, and macular thicknesses, whereas reorganization of the foveal zone during childhood possibly explained the increase in central macular thickness with age. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strasbismus. 20XX;XX(X):XXX-XXX.].","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of ChatGPT-4, Microsoft Copilot, and Google Gemini for Pediatric Ophthalmology Questions. ChatGPT-4、Microsoft Copilot和谷歌Gemini在儿童眼科问题中的比较

IF 1 4区医学

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20250404-03

Tevfik Serhat Bahar, Olgar Öcal, Asli Çetinkaya Yaprak

{"title":"Comparison of ChatGPT-4, Microsoft Copilot, and Google Gemini for Pediatric Ophthalmology Questions.","authors":"Tevfik Serhat Bahar, Olgar Öcal, Asli Çetinkaya Yaprak","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250404-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20250404-03","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To evaluate the success of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT; OpenAl), Google Gemini (Alphabet, Inc), and Microsoft Copilot (Microsoft Corporation) artificial intelligence (AI) programs, which are offered free of charge by three different manufacturers, in answering questions related to pediatric ophthalmology correctly and to investigate whether they are superior to each other.Methods: ChatGPT, Gemini, and Copilot were each asked 100 multiple-choice questions from the Ophtho-Questions online question bank, which is widely used for preparing for the high-stakes Ophthalmic Knowledge Evaluation Program examination. Their answers were compared to the official answer keys and categorized as correct or incorrect. The readability of the responses was assessed using the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level, Flesch Reading Ease Score, and the Coleman-Liau Index.Results: ChatGPT, Gemini, and Copilot chatbots answered 61 (61%), 60 (60%), and 74 (74%) questions correctly, respectively. The Copilot AI program had a significantly higher rate of correct answers to questions than ChatGPT and Gemini (P = .049 and .035). Three readability analyses revealed that Copilot had the highest average score, followed by ChatGPT and Gemini, which were more challenging than the recommended level.Conclusions: Although AI chatbots can serve as useful tools for acquiring information on pediatric ophthalmology, their responses should be interpreted with caution due to potential inaccuracies. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 20XX;X(X):XXX-XXX.].","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Strabismus Surgery on Fundus Hemodynamics Based on Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Blood Flow Parameters. 基于扫描源光学相干断层扫描血管造影血流参数的斜视手术对眼底血流动力学的影响。

IF 1 4区医学

Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus Pub Date : 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.3928/01913913-20250404-02

Longxiang Huang, Huifen Zhong, Weidong Zheng

{"title":"Influence of Strabismus Surgery on Fundus Hemodynamics Based on Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Blood Flow Parameters.","authors":"Longxiang Huang, Huifen Zhong, Weidong Zheng","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250404-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20250404-02","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: To investigate the impact of strabismus surgery on fundus hemodynamics using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA).Methods: A total of 124 patients with strabismus undergoing horizontal rectus muscle surgery were included in this non-randomized contemporaneous controlled trial. Patients were divided into unilateral recession (UR) and recession-resection (RR) groups based on the number of rectus muscles operated on. The UR group was further subdivided into lateral rectus (LR) and medial rectus (MR) subgroups. SS-OCTA imaging was performed preoperatively, and at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month postoperatively, using a 12 × 12 mm macular scan to quantify hemodynamic parameters: vessel density (VD) of superficial capillary plexus (SCP) and deep capillary plexus (DCP), choroidal thickness (CT), choriocapillaris perfusion (CCP), choroidal vascular index (CVI), and choroidal vascular volume (CVV).Results: Horizontal rectus muscle surgery induced transient fundus hemodynamic changes, with significant differences observed near the fovea and peripheral retina, but not in the operated muscle quadrant. SCP and DCP increased in the peripheral retina postoperatively, while remaining stable near the fovea. CCP increased, with earlier changes near the fovea. CVV and CT increased at 1 week postoperatively, whereas CVI decreased, all returning to baseline by 1 month. The choroid exhibited more pronounced hemodynamic changes than the retina. RR surgery caused greater changes than UR, with LR surgery having a greater impact than MR surgery.Conclusions: This study highlights transient ocular hemodynamic changes following horizontal rectus muscle surgery, varying by retinal region and number of muscles operated, providing new insights into fundus hemodynamics using SS-OCTA. [J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 20XX;X(X):XXX-XXX.].","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144152701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0