Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus最新文献

{"title":"Microflow Imaging of Fetal Retinoblastoma.","authors":"Monica Lewis, Monique Riemann, Luis Goncalves, Aparna Ramasubramanian","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240425-01","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20240425-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Unscreened Premature Infants Presenting With Advanced Stages of Retinopathy of Prematurity in South India: An Analysis of 220 Eyes.","authors":"Abhishek Das, Prema Subramaniam, Parag K Shah, Narendran Venkatapathy","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240508-02","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20240508-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the demographic profile of premature infants presenting with stage 4B and stage 5 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) at a tertiary referral center in South India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective review including all premature infants with stage 4B and 5 ROP between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2022. Parameters included the newborns born at the tertiary care nursery of various institutes, gestational age, birth weight, age at presentation to the hospital, risk factors, screening details, neonatal intensive care unit details, reason for consultation, and timing of referral to the center.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two hundred twenty eyes of 110 premature infants were included. Of 110 infants, 6 were born within the same city and 104 were from other districts or states. Mean birth weight was 1,125 ± 360 g and mean gestational age at birth was 28 ± 2 weeks. Mean age was 42 ± 82 weeks and median age at presentation was 17 weeks (range: 2.86 to 591 weeks). Male-to-female infant ratio was 1.34:1. Fifty (45.4%) infants had bilateral stage 5 ROP, 17 (15.4%) had stage 5 in one eye and stage 4B in the other eye, 15 (13.6%) had bilateral stage 4B and 23 (20.9%) had stage 4B in one eye and stage 4A/stage 3 in the other eye. Five (4.5%) had stage 5 in one eye and vitreous hemorrhage/stage 4A in the other eye. Among those with bilateral stage 5 ROP, 90% were from neighboring districts/states. Fifty-two (47.27%) infants underwent vitreoretinal surgery. Of 110 infants, 28 (25.45%) were self-referred (late presentation due to family-related issues), 80 (72.73%) were referred by ophthalmologists either after a few sessions of late screening or for further management, 1 (0.91%) was referred through telescreening, and 1 was referred from pediatricians directly to the hospital.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the importance of awareness of the disease and screening of premature infants. Lack of these two factors leads to late presentation of these infants with advanced stages and serious implications. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2024;61(5):339-343.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term Ocular Alignment and Sensory Outcomes After Medial Rectus Recession for High AC/A Ratio Esotropia.","authors":"Kanwar Mohan, Suresh Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240508-03","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20240508-03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report long-term ocular alignment and sensory outcomes after medial rectus recession for high accommodative convergence/accommodation (AC/A) ratio esotropia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The medical records of consecutive patients who had undergone unilateral or bilateral medial rectus recession for high AC/A ratio esotropia and were observed postoperatively for a minimum of 5 years were reviewed retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 34 patients were included. Twenty-three patients (68%) used bifocals preoperatively. The mean age at surgery was 11.5 ± 4.4 years (range: 2.5 to 19.0 years). The mean postoperative follow-up was 7.5 ± 2.3 years (range: 5.0 to 15.25 years). Overall, 21 patients (62%) had surgical success at their last follow-up visit. Age at surgery, preoperative angle of distance and near deviation, distance-near disparity, and preoperative bifocal wear did not predict motor outcome after surgery. Preoperative presence of peripheral binocular single vision was a significant favorable factor for surgical success. At the last follow-up visit, 21% of patients had a recurrence of high AC/A ratio esotropia and 9% each had consecutive exotropia (intermittent [3%] and constant [6%]) and basic esotropia. Peripheral binocular single vision was achieved in 64% of patients and stereopsis in 28%. Bifocal segment was eliminated postoperatively in 70% of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nearly two-thirds of patients with high AC/A ratio esotropia achieved a successful long-term motor outcome and peripheral binocular single vision, and nearly one-fourth achieved stereopsis. Recurrence of high AC/A ratio esotropia occurred in some patients, and consecutive exotropia and basic esotropia in a few. Bifocal segment was eliminated postoperatively in 70% of patients. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2024;61(5):344-350.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathologic Change in the Anterior Part of the Posterior Fixation Suture After a Faden Operation in an Animal Model.","authors":"Seung-Hyun Kim, Eunseok Kang, Boram Kang, Suk-Gyu Ha","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240521-04","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20240521-04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To observe postoperative histological changes in the anterior part of the posterior fixation suture after a Faden operation in an animal model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A posterior fixation suture was placed at two points 6 mm posterior to the insertion of the extraocular muscle on the superior rectus muscle of the right eye in eight rabbits. The superior rectus muscle of the left eye was used as a control. The eyes were enucleated and the anterior portion of the posterior fixation suture, including the myoscleral junction, was extracted 4 weeks after surgery. Postoperative adhesion was graded from 0 to 4 based on histologic findings (hematoxylin-eosin and Masson's trichrome staining).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Histological evaluation revealed diffuse fibrosis at the myoscleral junction and the anterior part of the posterior fixation suture after the Faden operation. The graded scores for fibrosis, acute inflammation, chronic inflammation, and foreign body reactions in the Faden operation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (<i>P</i> < .05). Postoperative diffuse fibrosis of the myoscleral junction and anterior-to-posterior fixation sutures were observed in an animal model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Histologic changes may affect ocular alignment and motility, making reoperation unpredictable after the Faden procedure. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2024;61(5):371-375.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141472097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Congenital Trochlear-Oculomotor Synkinesis in a 5-Month-Old Infant.","authors":"Ghadah H Alnosair, Faisal A AlTahan","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240725-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20240725-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oculomotor synkinesis is an unusual phenomenon that encompasses various presentations with few associations reported in the literature. It can occur with or without a previous setting of oculomotor nerve injury. The authors present the first reported case of bilateral congenital trochlear-oculomotor synkinesis in a 5-month-old infant. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2024;61(5):e50-e53.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Single-Stage Bilateral Corneal Neurotization for Neurotrophic Keratopathy in Stüve-Wiedemann Syndrome: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Jordan E Wiebe, Lucas W Rowe, Charline S Boente, Gregory H Borschel","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240807-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20240807-04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors report the surgical management and outcomes of neurotrophic keratopathy in two patients with Stüve-Weidemann syndrome who underwent single-stage bilateral corneal neurotization. Both patients experienced improvement in corneal sensation based on Cochet-Bonnet aesthesiometry measurements or cotton tip testing in addition to clinical improvement in ocular surface health. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2024;61(5):e54-e58.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fewer Pediatric Ophthalmologists and an Uneven Distribution Affect Access to Pediatric Care.","authors":"Robert W Arnold, Erin Herlihy, Mitchell B Strominger, Leonard B Nelson","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240812-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20240812-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quality, Reliability, Readability, and Accountability of Online Information on Leukocoria.","authors":"Taher K Eleiwa, Qais A Dihan, Andrew D Brown, Ana T Zaldivar, Seif E Abdelnaem, Ahmed B Sallam, Paul H Phillips, Ayman G Elnahry, Abdelrahman M Elhusseiny","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240425-02","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20240425-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the quality, reliability, and readability of online patient educational materials on leukocoria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, the Google search engine was searched for the terms \"leukocoria\" and \"white pupil.\" The first 50 search outcomes were evaluated for each search term based on predefined inclusion criteria, excluding duplicates, peer-reviewed papers, forum posts, paywalled content, and multimedia links. Sources were categorized as \"institutional\" or \"private.\" Three independent raters assessed each web-site for quality and reliability using DISCERN, Health on the Net Code of Conduct (HONcode), and JAMA criteria. Readability was evaluated using seven formulas: Flesch Reading Ease (FRE), Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) Index, Automated Readability Index (ARI), Linsear Write (LW), Gunning Fog Index (GFI), and Coleman-Liau Index (CLI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 51 websites were included. Quality, assessed by the DISCERN tool, showed a median score of 4, denoting moderate to high quality, with no significant differences between institutional and private sites or search terms. HONcode scores indicated variable reliability and trustworthiness (median: 10, range: 3 to 16), with institutional sites excelling in financial disclosure and ad differentiation. Additionally, institutional and private sites performed well in reliability and accountability, as measured by the JAMA Benchmark criteria (median: 3; range: 1 to 4). Readability, averaging an 11.3 ± 3.7 grade level, did not differ significantly between site types or search terms, consistently falling short of the recommended sixth-grade level for patient educational materials.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The patient educational materials on leukocoria demonstrated moderate to high quality, commendable reliability, and accountability. However, the readability scores were above the recommended level for the layperson. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2024;61(5):332-338.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence, Risk Factors and Development of Retinopathy of Prematurity in Mid-Preterm and Late-Preterm Infants.","authors":"Eşay Kıran Yenice, Caner Kara, Ayşen Sumru Kavurt, Fatih Işleyen","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240508-05","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20240508-05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the incidence, risk factors, and development of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in midpreterm and late-preterm infants born at 32 to 36 6/7 weeks of gestational age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The ophthalmic examination findings and risk factors of 5,477 preterm infants who underwent ophthalmological examination were evaluated retrospectively. The rates of any stage and severe ROP (requiring treatment) development and treatment options were recorded. The risk factors were analyzed by using logistic regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 5,477 infants were included in the study, of whom 2,715 (49.57%) were mid-preterm and 2,762 (50.43%) were late-preterm. The rates of any stage and severe ROP were 8.2% (n = 223) and 0.6% (n = 15) in mid-preterm infants, respectively. In late-preterm infants, the rate of any stage ROP was 2.1% (n = 59), and no severe ROP was detected. There was no significant difference in mean birth weight in mid-preterm infants between infants with any stage ROP and severe ROP (<i>P</i> = .104). Of the 15 infants (0.3%) who required treatment, 14 (0.2%) infants had laser photocoagulation, 1 (0.01%) had intravitreal bevacizumab, and 2 (0.03%) had additional therapy (laser photocoagulation and intravitreal bevacizumab). In logistic regression analysis, a significant association was found between treatment requirement and transport from an external center (<i>P</i> < .001, ß = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although ROP development rates decrease as birth weight and gestational age increase, late-preterm infants should be examined for ROP at least once, especially those born in low-income countries because ROP development can still be observed. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus.</i> 2024;61(5):351-357.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term, Low-Dose Oral Azithromycin Treatment for Chronic Severe Bilateral Blepharokeratoconjunctivitis in Pediatric Patients.","authors":"Esin Sogutlu Sari, Ahmet Tuncer Ozmen, Meral Yildiz, Berna Akova, Mehmet Baykara, Shole Hasanova","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240508-06","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20240508-06","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral azithromycin treatment combined with topical antibiotic and anti-inflammatory agents in pediatric patients with chronic severe bilateral blepharokeratoconjunctivitis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients younger than 14 years with chronic and severe bilateral blepharokeratoconjunctivitis were reviewed retrospectively. Consecutive patients receiving oral azithromycin treatment were included. All patients received oral azithromycin (5 mg/kg/single dose daily) for at least 4 weeks combined with topical antibiotic and anti-inflammatory agents. Before and after the treatment, clinical symptoms were noted, and corneal and conjunctival fluorescein staining and corneal neovascularization were graded. Meibomian gland secretion and meibomian gland plugging were also assessed. All patients completed at least 3 months of follow-up after completion of the oral azithromycin treatment. Patients' clinical data at the time of diagnosis and last follow-up visit were statistically compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-nine children (58 eyes, mean age of 6.51 years) were included. The mean time of oral azithromycin use was 5.87 weeks (range: 4 to 10 weeks). Clinical symptoms and signs and visual acuity were significantly improved after treatment. The mean fluorescein staining and corneal neovascularization grades and meibomian gland secretion and meibomian gland plugging scores also improved after treatment (<i>P</i> < .001). Eyelid distortion or fornix shortening was not observed. At the last follow-up visit, all patients were stable with treatment only with daily eyelid hygiene, topical cyclosporine, and artificial tears.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Long-term, low-dose oral azithromycin combined with topical antibiotic and anti-inflammatory agents is an effective treatment option for pediatric patients with chronic severe bilateral blepharokeratoconjunctivitis. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2024;61(5):358-364.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}