Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus最新文献

{"title":"YouTube as a Source of Knowledge for Childhood Glaucoma.","authors":"Mohamed M Khodeiry, Qais A Dihan, Taher K Eleiwa, Amr K Hassan, Mohamed A Hassan, Tom Kornhauser, Mohamed S Sayed, Abdelrahman M Elhusseiny","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20241105-04","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20241105-04","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the quality and reliability of patient-targeted videos about childhood glaucoma on the YouTube platform.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>On March 1, 2024, a search was performed on YouTube (www.youtube.com) using the keywords \"Infantile glaucoma,\" \"childhood glaucoma,\" \"paediatric glaucoma,\" \"congenital glaucoma,\" \"juvenile glaucoma,\" \"buphthalmos,\" and \"pediatric glaucoma.\" For each video, the time since the upload date (days), duration of the videos (minutes), number of likes, dislikes, and comments, the view ratio (number of views/time since the upload date), like ratio (likes × 100) /(likes+dislikes), view power index ([like ratio × view ratio] /100), and upload source (whether it was uploaded by medical organization versus uploaded by patients or commercial organization) were recorded. Two independent reviewers blindly evaluated the patient-targeted videos using DISCERN, the <i>Journal of American Medical Association</i> (JAMA), and the Global Quality Score (GQS) criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five videos were analyzed, and 19 (64%) of them were uploaded by physicians or medical organizations. The overall median (interquartile range) scores for DISCERN, JAMA, and GQS criteria were 2.5 (1.8 to 3.0), 2.5 (2.0 to 2.5), and 3.5 (2.5 to 4.0), respectively. No significant differences in scoring were noted between the two reviewers. The duration of the videos was significantly correlated with the GQS; however, no other video parameters were correlated to the quality scorings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>YouTube videos of patient education about childhood glaucoma were of moderate quality and reliability. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2025;62(2):116-121.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"116-121"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mini Lens for Mini Eyes: Management of Congenital Cataract With Microcornea.","authors":"Karthika R Chandran, Shailja Tibrewal, Soveeta Rath, Suma Ganesh","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250227-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20250227-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Management of congenital cataract associated with microcornea is challenging, often due to limited options for intraocular lens implantation. This case report describes the use of a small posterior-fixated iris claw lens for optical rehabilitation of cataract with microcornea, which resulted in significant improvement in the child's visual acuity. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2025;62(3):e27-e30.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":"62 2","pages":"e27-e30"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total Retinal Detachment With an Intraocular Mass in a Young Girl.","authors":"Haley M Evans, Rolika Bansal, Michael J Shapiro, Carol L Shields","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20241105-02","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20241105-02","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"151"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atypical Ophthalmological Manifestations of Claes-Jensen Syndrome Without Intellectual Disability: A Case Report.","authors":"Felipe A Murati, Juan B Yepez, Michele Petitto, Igor Kozak, J Fernando Arevalo","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250227-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20250227-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An 8-year-old boy with prenatal-onset short stature, ophthalmological abnormalities, and dysmorphic features had a KDM5C variant typically linked to Claes-Jensen syndrome with intellectual disability, which he did not have. This atypical presentation highlights the importance of ophthalmological assessments in X-linked syndromes with variable expressivity, even without classic features. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2025;62(2):e22-e26.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":"62 2","pages":"e22-e26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular Cystinosis Experience in Southwestern Ontario.","authors":"Edward Tran, Inas Makar, Joanne Grimmer, Sapna Sharan","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20241001-02","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20241001-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate ocular treatment adherence and its impact on clinical outcomes in patients with cystinosis in southwestern Ontario, where the disease incidence is higher due to a founder effect in the Old Order Amish population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective case series of patients with ocular cystinosis seen at Victoria Hospital and the Ivey Eye Institute at St Joseph's Health Care in London, Ontario, Canada, from 2008 to 2023. The authors investigated the demographics, ocular manifestations, and visual outcomes and characteristics in pediatric patients with ocular cystinosis. They also conducted qualitative analysis to characterize medication compliance and identify treatment barriers to compliance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 14 patients with ocular cystinosis. In southwestern Ontario, the incidence of cystinosis is approximately 1 in 4,700 live births. Most patients were Old Order Amish, with a family history of cystinosis and consanguineous parents. During treatment, patients were typically asymptomatic, but photophobia was the most reported symptom. Slit-lamp examination revealed cystine crystals in the cornea of all patients; however, best corrected visual acuity and intraocular pressure were unremarkable in every case. A Fisher's exact test revealed a trend toward lower compliance in Amish patients compared to non-Amish patients (odds ratio: 0.067, <i>P</i> = .103). Significant treatment barriers for patients with ocular cystinosis were identified, including compliance issues with frequent eye drop regimens, educational and financial burdens, and geographical and cultural challenges, all impacting patient care and follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the need for improved strategies to improve treatment compliance and overcome barriers to care for patients with ocular cystinosis, particularly within the Old Order Amish population in southwestern Ontario, to ensure better clinical outcomes and quality of life. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2025;62(2):105-115.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"105-115"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing Inquiries About the Management of Retinopathy of Prematurity.","authors":"Rudolph S Wagner","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20250220-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20250220-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":"62 2","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143694283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship of Serum Diabetes Antibodies With the Development of Early Diabetic Retinopathy Findings in Children With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus.","authors":"Hüseyin Anıl Korkmaz, Beyza Dogan, Ali Devebacak, Cumali Değirmenci, Filiz Afrashi","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20241121-03","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20241121-03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To explore how serum diabetes autoantibodies are related to the development of early diabetic retinopathy in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective and observational study, 62 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus who had not yet developed clinical diabetic retinopathy were followed up for at least 5 years. Healthy volunteers aged 10 to 20 years were also included. Insulin, pancreatic islet cells, and glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) autoantibodies were measured with an RIA kit at the time of type 1 diabetes mellitus diagnosis. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was used to evaluate the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) and parafoveal vascular density (PVD) for the development of early diabetic retinopathy among the groups. Patients' OCTA findings were compared with those of healthy volunteers. The obtained data were analyzed via IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, version 27.0. Spearman's rank correlation test and regression analysis were performed to determine independent predictors of OCTA and type 1 diabetes mellitus parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighteen boys and 44 girls with type 1 diabetes mellitus with a median age of 15.6 years (range: 10.08 to 20.88 years) were evaluated. Healthy control participants with a median age of 15.3 years (range: 14.2 to 18.2 years) were also included. The mean FAZ was greater in the type 1 diabetes mellitus group than in the healthy control group (<i>P</i> = .013 and .119, respectively). The mean PVD was significantly lower in the type 1 diabetes mellitus group than in the healthy control group. There was no significant correlation between serum diabetes autoantibodies (GAD and insulin autoantibodies) and FAZ or PVD (FAZ and GAD; <i>r</i> = 0.138, <i>P</i> = .286, FAZ and anti-insulin; <i>r</i> = 0.100, <i>P</i> = .441, PVD and GAD; <i>r</i> = -0.151, <i>P</i> = .24, PVD and anti-insulin; <i>r</i> = -0.087, <i>P</i> = .499).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Type 1 diabetes mellitus in children without clinically detectable diabetic retinopathy is associated with impaired retinal microcirculation and irregularities at the FAZ margin. Impaired retinal microcirculation and irregularities were associated with glycated hemoglobin levels in the study group. Thus, studies with larger patient series are needed. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2025;62(2):135-142.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"135-142"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the PlenOptika QuickSee Free Portable Autorefractor in Schools in The Gambia.","authors":"Alex Loayza, Alston Lewis, Sheila Chamberlin, Rupal Trivedi, Bethany Wolf, M Millicent Peterseim","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20241105-03","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20241105-03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the ability of the monocular QuickSee Free (QSF) portable autorefractor (PlenOptika) to detect and measure refractive error relative to gold standard cycloplegic retinoscopy in a population of school-aged children in a low-resource setting in The Gambia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 101 children, aged between 3 and 17 years (10.2 ± 3.45 years) underwent visual acuity screening, autorefraction by the QSF, and complete ophthalmic examination including cycloplegic retinoscopy. The agreement of the results was evaluated by Bland-Altman plots. The sensitivity and specificity of detecting myopia, anisometropia, and astigmatism were calculated based on the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus (AAPOS) 2021 guidelines. The overall accuracy of detecting refractive error was analyzed with receiver operating characteristic curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Spherical equivalent (SE), sphere, and cylinder of the QSF all displayed moderate interclass correlation with cycloplegic retinoscopy with cylinder correlating the highest with physician measurements followed by SE, then sphere. The average bias for the QSF was slightly negative for sphere and spherical equivalents, indicating that on average the QSF tended to underestimate these measures relative to physicians. Based on AAPOS 2021 guidelines, the sensitivity and specificity (in respective order) were 62% and 93% for detecting myopia, 57% and 86% for detecting anisometropia, and 78% and 95% for detecting astigmatism. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was greater than 0.75 for all three conditions, suggesting the QSF has good predictive ability to detect myopia, anisometropia, and astigmatism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The QSF displayed moderate agreement with physician reported refractions and it also tended to underestimate spherical equivalents and sphere. The device exhibited high predictability in detecting refractive error in the low-resource setting. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2025;62(2):122-127.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"122-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142773921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Responses of Large Language Models (ChatGPT-4, Claude 3, Gemini, and Microsoft Copilot) to Frequently Asked Questions in Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Study on Readability and Appropriateness.","authors":"Serhat Ermis, Ece Özal, Murat Karapapak, Ebrar Kumantaş, Sadık Altan Özal","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240911-05","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20240911-05","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the appropriateness and readability of responses provided by four large language models (LLMs) (ChatGPT-4, Claude 3, Gemini, and Microsoft Copilot) to parents' queries pertaining to retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 60 frequently asked questions were collated and categorized into six distinct sections. The responses generated by the LLMs were evaluated by three experienced ROP specialists to determine their appropriateness and comprehensiveness. Additionally, the readability of the responses was assessed using a range of metrics, including the Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level (FKGL), Gunning Fog (GF) Index, Coleman-Liau (CL) Index, Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) Index, and Flesch Reading Ease (FRE) score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ChatGPT-4 demonstrated the highest level of appropriateness (100%) and performed exceptionally well in the Likert analysis, scoring 5 points on 96% of questions. The CL Index and FRE scores identified Gemini as the most readable LLM, whereas the GF Index and SMOG Index rated Microsoft Copilot as the most readable. Nevertheless, ChatGPT-4 exhibited the most intricate text structure, with scores of 18.56 on the GF Index, 18.56 on the CL Index, 17.2 on the SMOG Index, and 9.45 on the FRE score. This suggests that the responses demand a college-level comprehension.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ChatGPT-4 demonstrated higher performance than other LLMs in responding to questions related to ROP; however, its texts were more complex. In terms of readability, Gemini and Microsoft Copilot were found to be more successful. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2025;62(2):84-95.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"84-95"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ophthalmic Artery Chemosurgery for Optic Nerve Invasion in Retinoblastoma.","authors":"David H Abramson, Y Pierre Gobin, Jasmine H Francis","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240508-09","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20240508-09","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":" ","pages":"150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}