Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus最新文献

{"title":"Exploring the Accuracy and Readability of ChatGPT in Providing Information to Patients With Keratoconus.","authors":"Elishai Assayag, David Zadok, Liron Berkovitz, Yishay Weill","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240718-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20240718-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with keratoconus may lack sufficient understanding of their illness. The authors assessed the accuracy and readability of ChatGPT (OpenAI) responses to common questions regarding keratoconus and found that the provided data are precise, with minor inaccuracies. The complexity of responses requires a high reading level, which may be unsuitable for many patients. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2024;61(5):e43-e46.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cataract Formation in a Child Receiving Dabrafenib and Trametinib Therapy.","authors":"Elaine Botros, Yasmin Bradfield, Nicholas Pytel","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240722-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20240722-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors report a case of bilateral cataract in a 9-year-old girl after being treated with a combination of the targeted therapy drugs dabrafenib and trametinib. Although adverse effects have been reported with this treatment, this report is the first documented case of cataract as a complication. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2024;61(5):e47-e49.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eye Mobile Units and Their Effect on Access to Pediatric Eye Care.","authors":"Leonard B Nelson","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240909-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20240909-01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Botulinum Toxin A Injection in Horizontal Nystagmus: Effect on the Frequency of the Oscillation on a Pediatric Population.","authors":"Daiane Bergamim, Thaís Christine Dos Santos Surgik, Mariana Tosato Zinher, Teresa Cristina Nogueira de Lassus","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240409-02","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20240409-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate the effect of botulinum toxin A injection on the frequency of horizontal nystagmus in children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a non-randomized before-and-after clinical trial evaluating a cohort of children with horizontal nystagmus before and after treatment with botulinum toxin A. The toxin was injected under general anesthesia with spontaneous ventilation without intubation using the Mendonça forceps and the effect was evaluated by analyzing the frequency of the oscillation in Hertz (Hz) on video registrations before and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The current study found a statistically significant difference on the frequency of the nystagmus in children before and after the injection of botulinum toxin A, with the mean frequency decreasing from 1.55 ± 0.94 Hz before treatment to 1.04 ± 0.87 Hz at 1 month post-injection (<i>P</i> < .001) and to 1.27 ± 0.87 Hz at 6 months post-injection (<i>P</i> = .002). When comparing the data 1 and 6 months post-injection, this study found a significant increase (<i>P</i> = .001) in the frequency of the nystagmus.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The injection of botulinum toxin A is effective in reducing the frequency of oscillations in children with horizontal nystagmus both 1 and 6 months after the procedure, and can be used as a first-line, less invasive treatment aiming to decrease the frequency of oscillation. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2024;61(5):365-370.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141181241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Botulinum Toxin A Augmentation of Strabismus Surgery for Large-Angle Strabismus: A Retrospective Case Series and Literature Review.","authors":"Funda Dikkaya Çiçek, Sevil Karaman Erdur S, Nisa Karaaslan","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240708-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20240708-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report the results of botulinum toxin A (BTA)-augmented bilateral recession or monocular recession/resection surgery in a case series of patients with large-angle strabismus and review the relevant literature.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study reviewed the medical records of 24 patients treated with BTA-augmented strabismus surgery for large-angle horizontal strabismus (55 prism diopters or greater) with a minimum 6-month follow-up. Patients underwent unilateral recession-resection or bilateral rectus muscle recession surgery with intraoperative BTA injection into the recessed muscle(s). Main outcome measures were postoperative angle of deviation and success rate, defined as a final deviation of 10 prism diopters or less.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 24 patients (20 esotropia, 4 exotropia), the mean age was 9.2 years (range: 1 to 64 years). Mean preoperative deviation was 61.2 prism diopters for esotropia and 66.2 prism diopters for exotropia. Mean final postoperative deviation was 6.6 prism diopters for esotropia and 14.5 prism diopters for exotropia. Successful outcomes were achieved in 75% of patients with esotropia and 50% of patients with exotropia.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>BTA augmentation of conventional strabismus surgery dosages is a promising approach for managing large-angle strabismus, particularly esotropia. Optimal patient selection and follow-up are needed to maximize surgical success rates. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 20XX;X(X):XXX-XXX.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual Reality With Eye Tracking for Pediatric Ophthalmology: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Anna Nikolaidou, Athanasia Sandali, Eirini Chatzidimitriou, Dimitra Pantelaki, Theodora Gianni, Lampros Lamprogiannis","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240620-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20240620-03","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Virtual reality presents an efficient and engaging approach to ophthalmological diagnosis and treatment in children. This systematic review investigates the current state of eye tracking technology integrated into virtual reality for the spectrum of pediatric ophthalmology. The search encompassed the MEDLINE database via PubMed, without imposing any time restrictions. A total of 20 relevant studies that met our inclusion criteria were incorporated and categorized into the following domains: diagnosis, examination, treatment, and rehabilitation use of virtual reality devices within the realm of pediatric ophthalmology. Strabismus examinations and postoperative monitoring, inherited retinal degeneration examination and visual function testing, therapy of amblyopia, glaucoma visual field testing, cerebral visual impairment rehabilitation, and neuro-ophthalmic disease examination were included in the final analysis. Pediatric ophthalmology offers a promising landscape for the integration of eye tracking technology within virtual reality, with accelerated, quantifiable, and objective examination and diagnosis, and precise, real-time measurements that are crucial in children. Virtual reality is an engaging experience, easily applied in a pediatric setting and facilitating compliance during examination and adherence to therapy. Although our systematic review provides insights into the current state of research, it is anticipated that further exploration is required for the widespread utilization of eye tracking in virtual reality within pediatric ophthalmology. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 20XX;X(X):XX-XX.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of No-Show Status: An Analysis of Pediatric Ophthalmology Patients at an Academic Ophthalmology Department in the United States.","authors":"Rucha K Borkhetaria, Zain S Hussain, Vanna Giang, Amanda L Ely","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240718-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20240718-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To identify pediatric patient and appointment characteristics associated with no-show status at a tertiary care pediatric ophthalmology clinic within a U.S. academic ophthalmology department.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional retrospective chart review was performed for all pediatric patients with a scheduled ophthalmology appointment at the Penn State Eye Center between April 1, 2022 and March 31, 2023. A multivariate logistic regression analysis assessed associations between appointment nonattendance and patient characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 8,083 scheduled visits, 1,445 (17.9%) were no-shows. Factors associated with no-show status included appointment type (new vs return odds ratio [OR]: 1.43, 95% CI: 1.26 to 1.63, <i>P</i> < .001); lower median household income (< $41,374 vs > $68,957 OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.40 to 2.55, <i>P</i> < .001; $41,374 to $68,957 vs > $68,957 OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.44, <i>P</i> < .001); non-private insurance (self-pay vs private: OR: 5.65, 95% CI: 3.87 to 8.24, <i>P</i> < .001, Medicaid vs private: OR: 2.17, 95% CI: 2.32 to 3.16, <i>P</i> < .001); commute distance 10 to 30 miles vs < 5 miles (OR: 1.49, 95% CI: 1.11 to 1.99, <i>P</i> = .008); race: unavailable vs White (OR: 2.18, 95% CI: 1.66 to 2.85, <i>P</i> < .001), Black vs White (OR: 1.86, 95% CI:1.53 to 2.27, <i>P</i> < .001), Other vs White (OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.27 to 1.70, <i>P</i> < .001); ethnicity: Hispanic vs non-Hispanic (OR: 1.92, 95% CI: 1.62 to 2.27, <i>P</i> < .001); and language preference: Spanish vs English (OR: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.49 to 2.32, <i>P</i> < .001), Nepali vs English (OR: 1.60, 95% CI: 1.06 to 2.43, <i>P</i> = .027), other vs English (OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.35 to 2.49, <i>P</i> < .001). Appointment reminders (phone call, <i>P</i> = .013); text message, <i>P</i> < .001; other, <i>P</i> = .013) all resulted in a greater propensity to show, but email communication alone did not (<i>P</i> = .674).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Certain patient and appointment characteristics that are linked to a higher rate of no-show status can inform targeted initiatives to improve health care outcomes, resource utilization, and clinical efficiency in the pediatric ophthalmology community. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 20XX;X(XX):XXX-XXX.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Female Leadership in Pediatric Ophthalmology: A Descriptive Analysis.","authors":"Laurel Lam, Leonard B Nelson, Betul N Bayraktutar, Karen E Lee","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240620-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20240620-01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine female representation among current chiefs of pediatric ophthalmology services of academic medical centers and children's hospitals, as well as program directors of ophthalmology residency and pediatric ophthalmology fellowship programs in the United States.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data collection for this cross-sectional study occurred between December 2023 and February 2024, using publicly available sources to compile a list of academic medical centers and children's hospitals, as well as ophthalmology residency programs and pediatric ophthalmology fellowship programs that participated in the 2023-2024 San Francisco Match. Chi-squared analyses were performed using Excel 2021 software, where a <i>P</i> value less than .05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the dedicated pediatric ophthalmology services across academic medical centers and children's hospitals in the United States, 38.3% (64/167) are led by a female chief. Female representation was greater at children's hospitals (40.0%, 36/90) than at academic medical centers (36.4%, 28/77), although no significant difference was observed (<i>P</i> = .69). Gender distribution was near equivalent at both academic training program levels, with slightly more female directors of fellowship programs (45.7%, 21/46) than ophthalmology residency programs (42.3%, 52/123) (<i>P</i> = .33).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The authors report near equivalent female representation in the leadership of academic training programs at the residency and fellowship level. However, the proportion of female pediatric ophthalmology division chiefs lags behind the actual gender composition of the workforce. Given the increasing prevalence of female pediatric ophthalmologists, promotion of concordant representation in leadership is necessary to reflect the changing sociocultural landscape and to close the gender gap. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 20XX;X(X):XX-XX.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bevacizumab for Retinopathy of Prematurity is Not Associated With Systemic Hypertension.","authors":"Mizna Akbar, Ema Avdagic, Christine Carlos, Michael Blair, Carina Yang, Sarah Hilkert Rodriguez","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240620-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3928/01913913-20240620-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To evaluate for an association between systemic hypertension and intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) treatment, due to a 2020 case report of a neonate with ROP developing systemic hypertension and posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) after IVB and limited data on long-term safety of IVB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort study was conducted using vital signs for 90 days, comparing IVB to laser treatment. The primary outcome was short-term hypertension, recorded for at least 3 consecutive days following treatment. As a secondary outcome, infants treated with IVB were also compared to infants with severe ROP who experienced spontaneous regression without treatment. Rates of long-term hypertension, based on chart diagnoses at discharge, were also reviewed. Neuroimaging was re-reviewed to evaluate for vasogenic edema consistent with PRES.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 137 infants with severe ROP were included, of whom 94 required treatment. There were no baseline differences in neonatal comorbidities comparing laser to IVB. There was no difference on unadjusted or adjusted logistic regression comparing odds of short-term hypertension after IVB to laser (adjusted odds ratio: 0.69, 095% CI: 0.25, 1.87). There was no significant difference in the rate of long-term hypertension diagnoses by treatment group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The lack of association between IVB and short-term systemic hypertension is reassuring. Further studies are warranted to confirm this. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 202X;XX(X):XXX-XXX.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141983763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prematurity May Affect the Postoperative Sensory Results in Children With Strabismus.","authors":"Leyla Niyaz, Nurullah Kocak, Mustafa Subası, Ozlem Eski Yucel","doi":"10.3928/01913913-20240208-02","DOIUrl":"10.3928/01913913-20240208-02","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To analyze the motor and sensory outcomes of strabismus surgery in children born preterm (premature group) and full-term (control group).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was performed at a tertiary university hospital. Children who underwent strabismus surgery between 2012 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. The success of surgery, postoperative over-correction and undercorrection rates, and stereopsis and fusion test results were compared between the premature and control groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 70 patients in the premature group (mean gestational age: 31.25 weeks; range: 24 to 35 weeks) and 242 patients in the control group. The amounts of preoperative and postoperative deviations and overcorrection, undercorrection, and success rates were similar between the premature and control groups (<i>P</i> > .05). Stereopsis improved from 560 to 300 arc/sec postoperatively in the premature group (<i>P</i> = .066) and from 1,156 to 685 arc/sec in the control group (<i>P</i> < .001). The rate of fusion increased from 12.5% to 25% in the premature group (<i>P</i> = .50) and from 17% to 47% in the control group (<i>P</i> < .001). The analysis of strabismus subgroups revealed significant improvement of fusion in full-term patients (<i>P</i> < .001) and not in preterm patients (<i>P</i> = .50) with esotropia. Preoperative amount of deviation was the only risk factor for surgical success (<i>P</i> < .001). Age, sex, history of prematurity, and spherical equivalent refraction were not correlated with undercorrection (<i>P</i> > .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regardless of the type of strabismus, although the functional results after strabismus surgery were similar in preterm and full-term patients, the gain of stereopsis and central fusion was significantly higher in full-term patients compared to preterm patients. <b>[<i>J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus</i>. 2024;61(4):267-272.]</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50095,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140121223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}