Journal of Research in Medical Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Significance of fragmented QRS and predictors of outcome in ST-elevation myocardial infarction.","authors":"Serdar Türkmen, Mehmet Bozkurt, Yusuf Hoşoğlu, Mehmet Göl","doi":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_68_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_68_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Fragmented QRS (fQRS) might be associated with certain characteristics in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients and inhospital adverse events.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A sum of 500 patients were gone over retrospectively. Patients with STEMI, all undergone percutaneous coronary intervention, were grouped as fQRS (-) and fQRS (+). Characteristics of the patients, major adverse cardiac event (MACE), death in hospital, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), stent thrombosis, slow flow myocardial perfusion, development of ventricular tachycardia (VT) and fibrillation, cardiogenic shock and cardiopulmonary arrest were filtered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FQRS (-) group was composed of 207 patients whose mean age was 61.1 ± 12.1, whereas 293 patients were there in fQRS (+) with a mean age of 66.7 ± 10.6 (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Thrombolysis in MI (TIMI) (<i>P</i> < 0.01), the global registry of acute coronary events (GRACE) (<i>P</i> < 0.01) scores, white blood cell count, neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, MACE and the ratio of death in hospital and VT in the hospital were significantly higher in fQRS (+) group (<i>P</i> < 0.001, for remaining all). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, TIMI scores above 2 and GRACE scores above 109 were determined as independent predictors of MACE in the entire patient group (odds ratio [OR]: 2.022; 95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.321-3.424<i>, P</i> = 0.003; OR: 1.712; 95% CI: 1.156-2.804<i>, P</i> = 0.008).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>FQRS (+) and fQRS (-) patients markedly differ from each other in terms of certain demographic and clinical features and TIMI and GRACE scores have a significant predictive value for MACE in all STEMI patients' group.</p>","PeriodicalId":50062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"29 ","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11162084/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evaluation of human endogenous retroviral env expression in normal and cancerous tissues of the breast.","authors":"Shaian Tavakolian, Hossein Goudarzi, Ebrahim Faghihloo","doi":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_141_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_141_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Both internal and external risk factors can accelerate the progression of breast cancer which is the reason why clinicians have tried to find new biomarkers for this health problem. Human endogenous retrovirus-W (HERV-W) can be one of these biomarkers, as it has been mentioned that some genes of this virus are able to have either higher or lower expression in numerous cancerous cells. In this study, we aimed to compare HERV-W envelope expression in breast cancer tissues and normal ones since its effects on this malignancy have not been clear.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We collected 46 breast cancer tissues and their normal adjacent ones. After extracting the RNA of breast samples, we evaluated the expression of HERV-W envelope syncytin-1 and 2 using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in different kinds of breast cancer stages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data showed that more than 13% of patients had a family history of breast cancer; moreover, approximately half of the tissues were estrogen receptor or progesterone receptor positive. Lymph node metastasis was seen in 52% of the patients, and about 40% of tumors were larger than 2 cm. Real-time PCR showed that syncytin-1 and 2 had upward regulation with (*<i>P</i> < 0.05) and (**<i>P</i> < 0.01), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>As the expression of HERV-W Env (syncytin-1, syncytin-2) was higher in breast cancerous tissues in comparison with normal ones, we believe that these genes may have a role to play in monitoring patients suffering from this type of cancer. However, further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"29 ","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11162086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of recurrence of joint symptoms after COVID-19 in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Cross-sectional study.","authors":"Afsaneh Akbarpour, Mansour Salesi, Anahita Babak","doi":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_782_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_782_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In this study, the relationship between involvement by COVID-19 and the recurrence of symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was investigated.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted on 112 patients with RA with and without a history of COVID-19. The severity and recurrence of RA symptoms were measured and recorded by the Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS-28) index and clinical evaluations by a rheumatologist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that the recurrence of RA in patients with and without a history of COVID-19 had a statistically significant difference (<i>P</i> < 0.001). In addition, there was a statistically significant relationship between erythrocyte sedimentation rate, visual analogue scale (VAS), tender joint count, swollen joint count, and DAS-28 and the history of COVID-19 (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study showed that infection with COVID-19 leads to the recurrence of joint symptoms in RA patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":50062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"29 ","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11162082/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The connection between hypertension and diabetes and their role in heart and kidney disease development.","authors":"Ali Ahmed Mohammed Hezam, Hanan Basheer Mohammed Shaghdar, Liying Chen","doi":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_470_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_470_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertension and diabetes are two common metabolic disorders that often coexist in the same individual. Their concurrence increases the risk of cardiovascular disease, renal dysfunction, and other complications. Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of morbidity and mortality in individuals with diabetes, and hypertension further aggravates this condition. Interestingly, hypertension and diabetes share several common pathophysiological mechanisms including insulin resistance, vascular inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, obesity, and oxidative stress suggesting a cross-talk between these two conditions that could potentially contribute to the development of other human diseases. Effective management of diabetes should include a multifaceted approach that addresses not only glycemic control but also blood pressure (BP) and lipid control. Treatment plans should be individualized to each patient's needs and should involve a combination of lifestyle modifications and medications to achieve optimal control. With the availability of newer antidiabetic medications such as SGLT inhibitors and GLP1 receptor agonists, it is crucial to consider their potential to reduce BP, enhance kidney function, and lower the risk of cardiovascular diseases when initiating treatment for glycemic control. A more profound comprehension of the shared underlying mechanisms between these conditions could pave the way for the development of innovative therapeutic approaches to tackle them. Our review offers an in-depth analysis of the literature, providing a holistic view of the mechanisms underlying diabetes-hypertension comorbidity and its implications on heart and kidney diseases. The present article concludes by discussing current approaches for managing hypertensive diabetic patients to create a set of comprehensive individualized recommendations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"29 ","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11162087/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How much natural ventilation rate can suppress COVID-19 transmission in occupancy zones?","authors":"Amir Nejatian, Faranak Ebrahimian Sadabad, Farshad M Shirazi, Seyed Faraz Nejati, Samaneh Nakhaee, Omid Mehrpour","doi":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_796_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_796_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous research has emphasized the importance of efficient ventilation in suppressing COVID-19 transmission in indoor spaces, yet suitable ventilation rates have not been suggested.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study investigated the impacts of mechanical, natural, single-sided, cross-ventilation, and three mask types (homemade, surgical, N95) on COVID-19 spread across eight common indoor settings. Viral exposure was quantified using a mass balance calculation of inhaled viral particles, accounting for initial viral load, removal via ventilation, and mask filtration efficiency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results demonstrated that natural cross-ventilation significantly reduced viral load, decreasing from 10,000 to 0 viruses over 15 minutes in a 100 m2 space by providing ~1325 m3/h of outdoor air via two 0.6 m2 openings at 1.5 m/s wind speed. In contrast, single-sided ventilation only halved viral load at best.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Natural cross-ventilation with masks effectively suppressed airborne viruses, lowering potential infections and disease transmission. The study recommends suitable ventilation rates to reduce COVID-19 infection risks in indoor spaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":50062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"28 ","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10953753/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of oral zinc on hemoglobin and dose of erythropoietin in hemodialysis patients.","authors":"Shiva Seirafian, Awat Feizi, Shahrzad Shahidi, Shirin Sadat Badri, Mohammad Hossein Rouhani, Pejman Pourazari Najafabadi, Elham Kabiri Naeini","doi":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_271_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_271_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In hemodialysis (HD) patients, low serum zinc level could cause hyporesponsivity to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents and lead to anemia. This study investigated the effects of oral zinc supplements on the required dose of erythropoietin in patients undergoing HD.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In a double-blinded randomized trial, 76 HD patients were assigned to 2 groups of 38. One group (intervention) was treated with oral zinc supplements of 210 mg, daily for 6 months, and the other group (control) used placebo capsules for 6 months. The serum zinc level, hemoglobin level, and required dose of erythropoietin, albumin, ferritin, ferrous, and total iron-binding capacity were evaluated 3 and 6 months after intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Repeated measures ANOVA did not show a significant increase in Hb level after 6 months of intervention (<i>P</i> = 0.28). However, the required dose of erythropoietin was decreased, but the changes were not statistically significant (<i>P</i> > 0.05). The changes in the other variables were not statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Oral zinc supplementation in HD patients could not increase hemoglobin level irrespective of their serum zinc level.</p>","PeriodicalId":50062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"28 ","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10953733/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of propofol intravenous general anesthesia and inhalational anesthesia on T-lymphocyte activity after breast cancer surgery: A meta-analysis.","authors":"Daqi Sun, Kunyue Li, Ziqi Chai, Lijuan Wang, Shimin Gu, Na Sun, Yu Zhang, Yuxia Wang, Tao Wang","doi":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_336_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_336_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers in women. General anesthesia is a commonly used anesthesia method for breast cancer surgery, and studies have confirmed that general anesthesia can induce immunosuppression in breast cancer patients and increase the metastasis rate of tumors. However, the difference between the effects of intravenous general anesthesia and inhalation anesthesia on the function of T-lymphocytes is still controversial, and it is necessary to explore reasonable anesthesia methods to reduce immunosuppression caused by surgery and anesthesia.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Databases (Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI, and Wanfang) were searched (up to October 2022) for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing intraoperative inhalation anesthesia and propofol intravenous anesthesia in breast cancer patients, with the outcome of T-lymphocyte subsets. The meta-analysis was performed by STATA 14.0.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six RCTs with 352 patients were included in the study. Compared with inhalation anesthesia, there was no difference in T-lymphocyte subsets between the two groups immediately after surgery, but the activities of CD4⁺ T cells in patients with propofol anesthesia were higher (standard mean difference [SMD] = 0.234, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.003-0.466, <i>P</i> = 0.047, <i>I</i>² = 44.1%) than those under inhalation anesthesia 1 day after surgery, and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ activities in patients with propofol anesthesia were higher (SMD = 304, 95% CI: 0.072-0.537, <i>P</i> = 0.010, <i>I</i>² = 48.0%) than those under inhalation anesthesia 1 day after surgery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There were no differences in the effects of propofol and inhalation anesthetics on T-lymphocytes immediately after surgery, but the inhibitory effects of inhalation anesthetics on CD4⁺ and CD4⁺/CD8⁺ cells were stronger 1 day after surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":50062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"28 ","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10953746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of PD1/PD-L1 combined with anti-angiogenic drugs in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Xueyu Duan, Xiaobo Liu, Ruixiang Chen, Yanjiao Pu","doi":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_166_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_166_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Protein-1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) therapy have become an important treatment approach for patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but primary or secondary resistance remains a challenge for some patients. PD-1/PD-L1 combined with anti-angiogenic drugs (AAs) in NSCLC patients have potential synergistic effects, and the survival benefit may vary based on a treatment order. To investigate the efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 combined with AAs as the treatment for patients with advanced NSCLC.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We comprehensively searched EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases from January 2017 to September 2022. The Cochrane risk bias tool evaluated the quality of included randomized clinical trials. Newcastle-Ottawa-Scale score was used to evaluate the quality of retrospective studies. Publication bias was evaluated by funnel plot, Begg's test, and Egger's test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventeen articles were finally selected, involving 5182 patients. Meta-analysis results showed that PD1/PD-L1 combined with AAs therapy significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.61, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.50-0.75, <i>P</i> < 0.00001), overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.71-0.88, <i>P</i> < 0.00001), and objective response rate (ORR) (risk ratio = 0.88, 95% CI: 0.81-0.96, <i>P</i> = 0.004), with the statistically significant difference. The sensitivity analysis demonstrated the robustness of the PFS, ORR, and OS.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with AAs in treating advanced patients has exhibited notable therapeutic advantages when contrasted with monotherapy. Specifically, the administration of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in conjunction with AAs, or sequential treatment involving PD-1/PD-L1 followed by AAs, has shown enhanced therapeutic efficacy in this patient population.</p>","PeriodicalId":50062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"29 ","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10956568/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140208148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy of a polyherbal formulation from traditional Persian medicine in patients with calcium kidney stones: A randomized, double-blinded clinical trial.","authors":"Ramin Ansari, Iman Karimzade, Majid Nimrouzi, Shahrokh Ezatzadegan, Mohammad Mehdi Hosseini, Mohammad Mehdi Zarshenas","doi":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_670_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_670_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>10%-15% of the world's population suffers from kidney stones. Nearly 50% increase was observed in diagnosing and treating nephrolithiasis in the last decades. Effective medical treatment for the disease is not yet well established. Moreover, there is an increasing global demand to manage diseases using complementary and alternative medicine. This study aimed to formulate and assess the safety and efficacy of a multi-ingredient formulation from traditional Persian medicine (TPM) known as <i>Mofatet</i> powder in patients suffering from calcium kidney stones.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The aqueous extract of <i>Mofatet</i> powder was prepared, freeze-dried, and formulated as capsules. 26 patients in the drug group and 25 patients in the placebo group used 500 mg capsules of the drug/placebo twice daily for 5 weeks. Ultrasonography/kidney, ureter and bladder imaging, urine analysis, and biochemical parameters were evaluated before and after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The imaging results showed a 60.73% decrease (<i>P</i> < 0.001) in stone size in the drug group. Moreover, the urinary calcium decreased (<i>P</i> = 0.02) and the urinary magnesium increased (<i>P</i> < 0.001) in the drug group. No remarkable changes were observed in the placebo group in these parameters. No significant effect was observed in aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen levels in none of the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study suggests that <i>Mofatet</i> powder was effective in reducing calcium kidney stones size with no potential nephro/hepatotoxicity. After confirming these results in larger clinical trials with longer duration, this formulation can be considered a treatment for nephrolithiasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"29 ","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10956567/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140208152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonpharmacological interventions and outcomes in the management of complications of human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1-related myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis: A systematic review.","authors":"Malihe Davoudi, Reza Boostani, Zahra Sadat Manzari","doi":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_300_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jrms.jrms_300_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human T-cell lymph tropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I)-related myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) is a progressive inflammatory process affecting the spinal cord that occurs as a result of HTLV 1. The use of nonpharmacological approaches has always been one of the treatment strategies in these patients, but disagreement about these interventions and their results has led to their limited use. Therefore, this study aimed to identify nonpharmacological interventions and their consequences in these patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We followed the Cochrane Handbook for systematic reviews of interventions. The present report is organized according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses. This study was conducted at PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus, among all published studies by December 30, 2021. Keywords were: HTLV-1, Human T-lymph tropic virus 1, HTLV-I-associated myelopathy, HAM/TSP, tropical spastic paraparesis, nonpharmacological intervention, nonpharmacological treatment, massage, physiotherapy, acupuncture, acupressure, and exercise. The quality of the studies was assessed using JADAD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 288 articles, 11 were eligible for data extraction published between 2014 and 2021. 90/9% of studies were randomized clinical trials. 81/8% of articles were of high quality. The total sample size was 253 people, of which 137 (54/15%) were women. Approaches such as exercise and motion therapy, electrotherapy, behavioral therapy, and virtual reality can be used for these patients. With these interventions, results such as improved mobility and balance, physical condition, pain, quality of life, muscle spasticity, maximum inspiratory pressure, and urinary symptoms can be achieved.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The most common physical therapy method used in studies was active and passive body movements, which are associated with positive results for patients. Due to the small sample size in this group of studies, it is necessary to conduct more clinical trials for more accurate conclusions. Furthermore, due to the limited number of studies that have used electrical stimulation or combined intervention packages, it is not possible to say with certainty what effect these methods have on patients. It is necessary to conduct more clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":50062,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Medical Sciences","volume":"28 ","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10953734/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140177468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}