Journal of Structural Geology最新文献

{"title":"The 2023 Mw7.7 Pazarcik earthquake caused a reversal in vertical motion along the SW branch of the East Anatolian fault","authors":"Zheng Gong ,&nbsp;Haibing Li ,&nbsp;Huiping Zhang ,&nbsp;Kerem Kuterdem ,&nbsp;Shiguang Wang ,&nbsp;Jialiang Si ,&nbsp;Yong Zheng ,&nbsp;Peng Liang ,&nbsp;Chenglong Li ,&nbsp;Chuanyou Li ,&nbsp;Zhikun Ren ,&nbsp;Jingxing Yu ,&nbsp;Xiaocheng Zhou ,&nbsp;Yueren Xu ,&nbsp;Zhifa Ma ,&nbsp;Junjie Li ,&nbsp;Fangtou Tang","doi":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>While the structural deformation at the Arabia-Anatolia-Africa junction is critical for understanding eastern Mediterranean tectonics, it remains debatable (extensional or compressional). Field survey of the 2023 Mw7.7 Pazarcik earthquake surface rupture along the Amanos Range, and microstructure and composition analyses of related fault rock were performed to investigate this issue. The surface rupture shows transtensional branches, with the main and secondary strands displaying sinistral (normal) offsets of 2.0–4.0 (0.4–0.9) and 1.0 (0.2) m. Slip plane of the secondary fault is marked by a ∼20 cm wide extensional fracture dividing fault breccia from gouge. Meanwhile, the gouge (26 % calcite, 38% serpentine and 36% smectite) is also dominated by tension cracks microscopically. In contrast to the widespread extensional deformation, geological evidence imply that this fault had experienced reverse slip in the Quaternary, as shown by thrusting of serpentine onto alluvium and the consistency of R foliations with reverse shear. We interpret it as the SW continuation of the East Anatolia fault (EAF) that was formerly characterized by transpressional deformation, and reactivated transtensionally due to the change of fault strike during this earthquake. In the broader Mediterranean tectonics framework, the Amanos segment might be interpreted as a recently formed component linking the Karasu fault to the EAF.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141139187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coupling of supra-to sub-salt structures during gravity gliding: A physical analogue modelling investigation","authors":"Sian L. Evans ,&nbsp;Christopher A-L. Jackson ,&nbsp;Sylvie Schueller ,&nbsp;Jean-Marie Mengus","doi":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105171","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Viscous salt layers can introduce significant structural complexity to the basins in which they are deposited. Along basin margins, salt typically flows basinward due to regional tilting of the margin, and can be influenced by the geometry of the surface that it flows over (e.g. fault scarps on the base-salt surface). This interaction can lead to coupling of sub- and supra-salt structures, with the orientation and distribution of base-salt structures reflected in the structure of the overburden. However, the controls on the degree of strain coupling during salt-detached translation are relatively poorly understood, in particular the roles played by the thickness and mechanical heterogeneity of the salt unit. This is, in part, caused by difficultly in deconvolving the relative contribution of variables such as salt thickness, the magnitude of base-salt relief, sediment supply, and regional tectonic regime. In addition, seismic reflection data provide only the present structure of the basin, from which its evolution must be inferred.</p><p>To evaluate the influence of salt thickness and heterogeneity on sub-to supra-salt strain coupling during salt-detached translation in the extensional domain, we present a series of physical analogue models with controlled boundary conditions. We use a model apparatus with a simple geometry comprising three oblique basal steps, and vary the thickness and composition of the salt analogue in each experiment to evaluate the proposed variables. X-ray tomography allows us to image the internal structure during model evolution and therefore gain a 4D view of its structural development. Results show that supra-salt structures associated with thicker and more homogeneous salt units are characterised by symmetric extensional structures and large diapirs, with significant vertical and lateral displacements and only weak coupling to the underlying base-salt relief. Conversely, thinner and more heterogeneous salt units are characterised by asymmetric extensional structures and primary welds, with restricted vertical displacement, such that the resultant overburden structure is strongly coupled to the geometry of the base-salt surface. These results document the important role of base-salt relief in the structural evolution of salt basins and provide model analogues that are valuable assets in seismic interpretation efforts on salt-influenced basin margins.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191814124001238/pdfft?md5=236db859990b12fdee1a24f848b2c1cc&pid=1-s2.0-S0191814124001238-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141131932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of evolution of slip-surface structure in Indian sandstone to changes in friction coefficient for a wide range of slip rates","authors":"Tetsuro Hirono ,&nbsp;Hiromichi Yano ,&nbsp;Kiyokazu Oohashi ,&nbsp;Takeshi Miyamoto ,&nbsp;Akihiro Ito","doi":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105167","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although many experimental studies have investigated the frictional properties of sandstone, few of them have considered the evolution of slip-surface structures with changes of friction coefficient over a wide range of slip rates. Here we report the results of rock-on-rock rotary shear experiments on specimens of Indian sandstone at slip rates from 2 × 10⁻⁴ to 1 m s⁻¹. The resultant slip behaviors and microscale surface structures indicate two types of dependency on slip rate. At high slip rates (≥5 × 10⁻¹ m s⁻¹), the friction between the sandstone blocks fluctuated markedly and the surfaces of the blocks were intensively worn. At low slip rates (≤1 × 10⁻¹ m s⁻¹), the friction decreased gradually with increasing slip distance and the slip surfaces became reflective. The high slip-rate experiments produced abundant rock fragments (∼10–100 μm diameter), whereas the slip surfaces after low slip-rate experiments were highly polished fault mirrors accompanied by abundant rounded ultrafine grains (∼100 nm diameter). Such slip-rate-dependent evolution of slip-surface structures in Indian sandstone may arise from the relatively low cohesiveness of that rock. This insight may further our understanding of faulting and sliding mechanisms in sandstone near the ground surface.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141097695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of lateral variations in décollement strength on the structure of fold-and-thrust belts: Insights from viscous wedge models","authors":"Sreetama Roy ,&nbsp;Ernst Willingshofer ,&nbsp;Santanu Bose","doi":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fold-and-thrust belts (FTBs) evolve over a mechanically weak basal décollement that separates the overlying intensely deformed rocks from the underlying less deformed ones. Although deformation structures in FTBs commonly show lateral continuity, a closer inspection reveals distinctive variations in structural style (e.g., fold style) along and across mountain belts. This study uses laboratory-scale viscous models to investigate the influence of lateral décollement strength variations on the spatio-temporal evolution of strain patterns in FTBs. These experiments, simulating crustal-scale deformation, show notable changes in the mode of tectonic wedge growth, including the topographic evolution and ductile strain pattern distribution. For example, the deformation front propagates faster over weakly coupled décollement than the laterally adjacent strongly coupled segment, leading to along-strike variations of the topographic slope and curved outline of the deformation front. Constrictional strain, characteristic of regions of weak coupling, is transient and replaced by flattening strain beyond ∼20 % bulk shortening. The latter prevails in regions over strong décollement, whereas complex strain histories mark the transition zone between weak and strong décollements. Based on our modelling results, we propose that variations in décollement strength may cause the segmentation of deformation processes and the development of transverse faults in FTBs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141096151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying fault interpretation uncertainties and their impact on fault seal and seismic hazard analysis","authors":"Billy J. Andrews ,&nbsp;Zoë K. Mildon ,&nbsp;Christopher A.L. Jackson ,&nbsp;Clare E. Bond","doi":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fault-horizon cut-off data extracted from seismic reflection datasets are used to study normal fault geometry, displacement distribution, and growth history. We assess the influence of three seismic interpretation factors (repeatability, measurement obliquity, and fault cut-off type) on fault parameter uncertainty. Two repeat interpretations resulted in mean differences of 5–15% for throw, 11–42% for heave, 9–31% for displacement, and 7–27% for dip across faults. Measurement obliquity, where faults are interpreted using non-perpendicular transects to fault strike, show increasing uncertainty with increasing obliquity. Uncertainty in throw is 14–24% at obliquities &gt;20° and 6–13% where obliquities &lt;20°. Continuous cut-offs, including non-discrete deformation, generally exhibit greater uncertainties compared to discontinuous (discrete) cut-offs. We consider the effect of interpretation factors on fault parameters used in seismic hazard assessment (SHA) and fault seal, using the established Shale Gouge Ratio (SGR). Even modest measurement obliquities and repeatability errors can affect inputs for SHA, causing large differences in throw- or slip-rate and inferred fault length. Measurement obliquity and repeatability have a variable impact on SGR calculations, highlighting the additional importance of sedimentary layer thickness and distribution. Our findings raise questions about the optimum workflow used to interpret faults and how uncertainties in fault interpretation are constrained and reported.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019181412400110X/pdfft?md5=b196fca8167bb43bdc9add543af2c730&pid=1-s2.0-S019181412400110X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141025183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An alternative experimental configuration to generate wrench zone above a viscous layer","authors":"B.C. Vendeville ,&nbsp;G. Corti ,&nbsp;M. Boussarsar ,&nbsp;O. Ferrer","doi":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Analogue modelling of wrench tectonics typically utilizes a rigid basement with a velocity discontinuity under a brittle or brittle-viscous cover, such as in Riedel experiments, which confines fault localization in the overlaying model. However, such a set-up is hardly compatible with modeling brittle-ductile systems such as the upper and lower crust or a brittle sedimentary cover overlying a viscous evaporitic layer. To achieve a more realistic experimental approach, Bruno Vendeville designed an alternative experimental set-up decoupling the basement from the brittle overburden with a viscous layer in which the basement is not involved. In this configuration, strike-slip movement is driven laterally rather than from the base up, facilitated by “weak zones” that preferentially localize the deformation during shortening and enable sliding between compartments. This original approach provides greater flexibility for modeling complex strike-slip settings, allowing for more freedom for strike-slip structures to form and evolve through time.</p><p>Although the experiments described in this work were conducted in the late 1990s, the co-authors have chosen to revisit and adapt this earlier work for this Special Issue to underscore Bruno's influence on another aspect of salt tectonics and his pioneering foresight in the field of analogue modelling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141041602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-scale hydrostructural approach for karst environment. Application to the Arcier hydrosystem (eastern France)","authors":"V. Klaba ,&nbsp;H. Celle ,&nbsp;P. Trap ,&nbsp;F. Choulet ,&nbsp;L. Smeraglia ,&nbsp;A. Malard ,&nbsp;N. Carry","doi":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Based on a multi-scale and hydrostructural approach, this study presents the most relevant methodology to be applied to a karst hydrosystem in order to get a full understanding of underground water flow. It implies a complete structural analysis, from the hydrosystem scale to the outcrop scale, including the intermediate scale of the major geological structures. We illustrate the method in the Arcier hydrosystem, in the northwestern border of the Jura fold-and-thrust belt (Eastern France).</p><p>Field mapping and structural analysis allow to update the geological vision of the hydrosystem with two kink-type fault propagation folds, including a trishear kinematic model, on either side of a plateau presenting a hollow-and-dome configuration. Fracturing analysis reveals a fault-fracture network that we infer governs the entire hydrosystem. A Riedel pattern is highlighted, characterized by a N–S-striking (N355° ± 5), sinistral strike-slip, regional shear zone. Then, two 3D geological models, at different scales, constructed with <em>MOVE</em> and <em>Visual Karsys</em> softwares are combined with water levels and artificial tracer tests. It reveals a multilayer aquifer and a redefinition of groundwater circulations for the Arcier hydrosystem.</p><p>The results demonstrate a strong geological control of karstic hydrosystems on groundwater circulations, proving that classical hydrogeological methods, such as natural and/or artificial tracers, must be combined with rigorous geological analysis. Moreover, the multi-scale approach provides an explanation of groundwater circulation based on the intersection between 3D geometry of impervious layers delimiting the aquifers and their base water level, instead of the 2D view (section or map) requiring systematic recourse to inferred vertical faults to cross permeability barriers vertically or laterally. This study also brings a new vision to the local protection of the water resource.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141038151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A graphical method and workflow for the generation of structure contours for horizontal cylindrical folds","authors":"Graham J. Potts","doi":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A graphical method developed for the construction of structure contours for inclined planar surfaces has been extended to curved or folded surfaces with cylindrical geometries and horizontal axes. These structure contours can be used to constrain the outcrop trace of a folded contact on a geological map. The extended method requires, as a minimum, a field of orientation data and the map position of a single elevation on the contact under investigation. The method utilises orientation data collected on and around a partially mapped trace of a folded contact to constrain the outcrop trace throughout a geological map. The method uses a vertical cross-section that is parallel to the profile plane of any folds present. Crest, trough and hinge points identified in the cross-section can be projected on to the geological map in their correct positions and elevations. Similarly, structure contours on fold axial surfaces can be projected on to the geological map and the contours used to locate the axial traces of cylindrical folds with horizontal axes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191814124001093/pdfft?md5=f1bc6cff5fd7248569f1a3ff87908bc6&pid=1-s2.0-S0191814124001093-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141050877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative evaluation of morphometric parameters of drainage system in the forelimb and backlimb of the Asmari Anticline, Zagros, Iran","authors":"Shahram Bahrami ,&nbsp;Mohsen Ehteshami-Moinabadi ,&nbsp;Maryam Souri Tuyserkani","doi":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105151","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quantification of drainage basins and their networks on fold limbs can lead to a better understanding of spatial relationship between active tectonics and drainage variations. This study aims to evaluate the effect of vertical fold growth on the morphometry of drainage basins and their related networks formed in the Asmari Anticline in the Zagros Fold-Thrust belt. This belt is one of the youngest continental collision zones hosting one of the largest petroleum provinces in the world so that giant oil fields are found in its anticlines. We selected the Asmari Anticline due to the variability of drainage basins and stream networks across the fold's forelimb and backlimb. The basin area (Ba), topographic slope (TS), hypsometric integral (HI), basin shape (Bs), drainage basin orientation (DBO), crescentness index (CI), sinuosity of the main drainage (Smd), spacing ratio (R), and fault density (FD) for 68 drainage basins were calculated. Also, the morphometric characteristics of drainage networks including drainage density (Dd), drainage density of 1st-order streams (Dd1), and drainage frequency (Fs) were analyzed for each limb. Results show that southwestern limb (forelimb) is characterized by high topographic and dip slope, large and relatively circular basins, with high values of CI, Smd and DBO, implying pronounced lateral and headward erosion. Conversely, the smaller and elongated basins, with higher values of hypsometric integral and spacing ratio in the northeastern limb, show lower erosion of backlimb. Higher Dd, Dd1, and Fs values in the southwestern limb (9.54, 6.39, and 39.92 respectively) than the northeastern limb (8.96, 5.69, and 28.33 respectively), suggest higher rates of forelimb erosion, especially where dendritic drainage pattern is developed. This study implies that the fold's divide migration towards NE during fold growth has played a role in the variations of the morphometric parameters in the southwestern and northeastern limbs of the Asmari Anticline. Also, faults and fractures have important effects on the mentioned morphometric parameters. Higher density of faults dominantly with NW-SE trend in the SW limb, especially where trellis drainage pattern is developed, has also facilitated the lateral erosion of the steeply dipping forelimb, resulting in the enlargement of basins with higher values of Ba, CI, DBO, S (spacing of adjacent basins outlets), and Smd.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141067745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of subtle inherited basement structures on thin-skinned thrust systems: The Caledonian Thrust Front in Lapland (CaTFLap)","authors":"Taija Torvela ,&nbsp;Robert W.H. Butler","doi":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jsg.2024.105156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thin-skinned fold-thrust belts are defined by an extensive detachment surface, “the sole thrust’. The sole thrust is typically assumed to be sub-planar beneath the fold-thrust belt. The model of a planar sole thrust and, by inference, planar basement is often applied rather uncritically, whereas experimental and field studies show that basement topography is not only varied but crucial for the geometrical and kinematic evolution of fold-thrust belts. Basement topography controls on the thrust dynamics remains the least well understood parameter in fold-thrust belts, and more case studies are needed to underpin further understanding. We present field evidence from the well-exposed Caledonian Thrust Front in Lapland, showing the influence of inherited, orogen-perpendicular basement structures on the subsequent structural evolution of the Caledonian sole thrust and its underlying sedimentary rocks. Inherited orogen-perpendicular basement structures created open corrugations in the foreland that directed thrust allochthons and controlled the geometry and strain state of the sole thrust and associated rocks. We propose that even relatively small-scale structures can have a significant control on the geometry and strain state of an evolving thrust system, and that variations in thrust geometries are not simply explained by inversion or coincidental heterogeneous internal thickening (imbrication) of thrust-related units.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50035,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Structural Geology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191814124001081/pdfft?md5=7a052892cb0268376fe2d5c852aba5db&pid=1-s2.0-S0191814124001081-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141056598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}