Journal of the American Pharmacists Association最新文献

{"title":"1043 Enhancing Residency Program Interest: Evaluating the Impact of Post Graduate Executive Committee Interventions","authors":"L. Kipper, M. Morkos, T. Khieu","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102532","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102532","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 5","pages":"Article 102532"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145117777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"1002 Analysis of Utilization of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Patients with Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease in a Primary Care Setting","authors":"S. Robbins , C. Coffey , J. Grandominico , L. Kirk , N. Tayal","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102496","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 5","pages":"Article 102496"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145117931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"1026 Potential of hydrogen sulfide donor against excitotoxicity induced by N-methyl D-aspartate (NMDA)","authors":"A. Bhinder, A. Rai, C. Opere, C. Chandler, G. Kaur, J. Borgmeier, P. Sahai, S. Singh, S. Mhatre","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102516","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102516","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 5","pages":"Article 102516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145117880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"1029 Risk of Myocardial Infarction from Osteoporosis Medications: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials","authors":"E. Van Reysen, A. Hume, K. Scroggs, K. Ward","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102518","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 5","pages":"Article 102518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145117871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication adherence and hospital readmissions: A cross-sectional analysis of Medicare Star Ratings performance","authors":"Eric P. Borrelli,&nbsp;Nathan E. Barnes,&nbsp;Peter Saad,&nbsp;Kristie Dooley,&nbsp;Heather Nelkin,&nbsp;Idal Beer,&nbsp;Julia D. Lucaci","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The Medicare Star Ratings program, administered by the Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services, includes a list of quality measures aimed at evaluating the quality of care provided by Medicare health plans. These measures include 3 medication adherence measures (non-insulin antidiabetics, renin-angiotensin system antagonists (RASA), and statins), as well as a plan all-cause readmission (PACR) measure, among dozens of other measures.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine the potential association between the 3 Medicare Star Rating medication adherence measures and the PACR measure.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An analysis of the publicly available annual health plan Medicare Star Rating performance data were conducted for the Star Rating years of 2015–2024, except years 2021–2023 when the PACR measure was not assessed by CMS. The primary outcomes were odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) evaluating the likelihood of a health plan achieving ≥4-stars on the PACR measure if it also earned ≥4-stars or 5-stars on the adherence measure(s).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Health plans that achieved ≥4-stars or 5-stars on the RASA measure had significantly higher odds of achieving ≥4-stars on the PACR measure (OR:1.53, 95% CI:1.30–1.81; OR:1.51, 95% CI:1.26–1.81; respectively), as did plans that achieved ≥4-stars or 5-stars on the statin adherence measure (OR: 1.58, 95% CI:1.31–1.86; OR:1.94, 95% CI: 1.55–2.43; respectively). There was no significant impact for the diabetes adherence measure (≥4-stars OR: 1.10, 95% CI:0.93–1.30; 5-stars OR: 1.09, 95% CI: 0.89–1.33). The likelihood of achieving ≥4-stars on the PACR measure increased non-significantly with the number of adherence measures that achieved 5-stars (all 3 adherence measures OR: 1.53, 95% CI: 1.17–2.00; only 2 adherence measures OR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.09–1.90; only 1 adherence measure OR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.87–1.41).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Health plans with higher performance on the Medicare Star Ratings adherence measures had significantly increased odds of high performance on the Medicare Star Ratings PACR measure, suggesting an association between effective medication management and reduced all-cause readmissions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 6","pages":"Article 102911"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144986446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultivating talent from within: Exploring pharmacy technician interest in pursuing a PharmD","authors":"Valerie Simmons,&nbsp;Edward A. Witt,&nbsp;Ranti Akiyode,&nbsp;S. Suresh Madhavan,&nbsp;Glen Schumock,&nbsp;Michelle Clark,&nbsp;Heather Lawrence","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The pharmacy profession continues to face a shortage of pharmacists, exacerbated by declining pharmacy school graduates, increasing prescription volume, and increased demand for other pharmacy services. The pharmacy technician population works side by side pharmacists every day and represent potential candidates for future pharmacists.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To assess community pharmacy technicians' interest in pursuing a PharmD degree and to identify the barriers preventing them from completing their prepharmacy requirements.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A 20-question survey was sent to 6020 locations in a large, national community pharmacy. Pharmacy technicians with over 1 year of experience were invited to voluntarily complete the survey. The survey and study procedures were reviewed and approved by Advarra IRB (#Pro00055252) and descriptive statistics were calculated to summarize and evaluate the results.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 2476 pharmacy technicians participated in the survey with a demographic profile reflecting the chain and national averages. A large majority of technicians (75%) expressed interest in pursuing a PharmD degree, much higher than the 1% of the technician workforce who currently advance into pharmacy school. For those interested, the key barriers to pursuing their prepharmacy requirements were identified as the financial cost of tuition and fees (86%) and balancing work, family, and school (69%). The factors they identified as most desirable to help them overcome the barriers were a program fully funded by the employer (88%) and access to an online program with flexibility to pursue courses at their own pace (79%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings indicate a substantial interest among pharmacy technicians in pursuing a career as a pharmacist. In exploring strategies to enhance and establish new pathways into pharmacy school, it is essential to identify approaches that reduce the financial burden associated with prerequisite coursework. Additionally, providing flexible and convenient class schedules is critical to supporting this working adult population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 6","pages":"Article 102913"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144986517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding clinician support preferences related to the use of pharmacogenomic results in electronic health records: A qualitative study in an academic health system","authors":"Erika N. Dreikorn,&nbsp;Seth Sacchi,&nbsp;Katherine Riden,&nbsp;Philip E. Empey,&nbsp;Mylynda B. Massart,&nbsp;Lucas A. Berenbrok","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Integrating pharmacogenomic (PGx) test results into electronic health records (EHRs) represents a crucial step in the advancement of precision medicine. However, successful implementation is often hindered by lack of, or gaps in, clinician training; lack of clinician confidence; and system-level barriers such as limited awareness of PGx utility, complex interpretation of results, and time constraints.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Through qualitative analysis, this study aimed to identify clinician preferences regarding the educational, technical, and workflow supports needed to effectively integrate PGx results into EHRs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Clinicians practicing in a large academic health system in Western Pennsylvania, including physicians, advanced practice nurses, physician assistants, and pharmacists, were invited to participate in this study. The research team developed a semi-structured interview guide using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research as a framework. Interviews were conducted using videoconferencing software, transcribed, and analyzed using inductive reasoning analysis to identify key barriers and proposed solutions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixteen interviews were conducted, which revealed 7 themes: (1) contextualization of utility; (2) clinician confidence and comfort; (3) consultations; (4) resulting and alerting; (5) communication of pharmacogenomic results; (6) decelerators; and (7) education preferences. Participants emphasized the need for simplified workflows, specialty-specific training, embedded EHR tools, and patient-centered communication strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Clinician-preferred strategies, including intuitive clinical decision support tools, modular education resources, and streamlined communication pathways, are critical to successful PGx implementation. These findings offer a practical blueprint for integrating PGx into clinical practice and inform scalable models for precision medicine adoption across health systems. Further research should explore nuanced themes to further accelerate PGx deployments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 6","pages":"Article 102912"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144986453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Planning for and creating strong nomination submissions for honors and awards","authors":"Nancy A. Alvarez,&nbsp;Brian L. Erstad","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102909","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102909","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An important activity for pharmacists and other pharmacy personnel is to sponsor nomination submissions for individuals or organizations deserving of honors/awards. This paper provides considerations for nominator pre-planning and planning activities to generate a strong nomination submission. Time, strategic thinking, and the use of advocacy and storytelling skills to construct a compelling narrative for the nomination can increase the likelihood of a successful and celebratory outcome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 6","pages":"Article 102909"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144986497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the impact of CYP2D6 testing on outcomes in patients taking opioids","authors":"Halle Brady,&nbsp;Max Weaver,&nbsp;Jordan Baye,&nbsp;Amanda Massmann","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102905","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102905","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>CYP2D6</em> affects metabolism of several opioids; however, the clinical impact of genetic variants on efficacy has limited evidence in large patient populations.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to assess the impact of CYP2D6 phenotype on pain response in an elective pharmacogenomics (PGx) screening population prescribed opioids.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective review was conducted on hospitalized patients with <em>CYP2D6</em> genotyping, prescribed either codeine, tramadol, hydrocodone, or oxycodone within 24 months prior to PGx testing and through 36 months after results. Pain scores were abstracted on a 10-point analog scale and categorized into 3 cohorts (mild, moderate, and severe) based on their baseline pain score. Baseline pain score was measured within 30 min of each opioid dose administration. Percentage changes in pain scores from baseline to 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours following each respective opioid dose administration were analyzed. Morphine milligram equivalents (MME) were averaged amongst the days of opioid administration.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 8062 patients were analyzed. Oxycodone was the most administered (4856, 41%). Mild pain cohort poor metabolizers (PMs) had significant increase in pain scores compared to normal metabolizers (NMs) at all hours from baseline (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). PMs in moderate and severe pain cohorts had significantly decreased pain score reduction than NMs at all hours from baseline (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). PMs had significantly higher MME compared to NMs in these cohorts (15 vs. 10, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>CYP2D6 PMs had significantly less pain score reduction. CYP2D6 genotyping can lead to effective use of opioids in pain management and may display greater impact on efficacy of oxycodone than previously studied. Full implication of PGx testing is limited by the study's retrospective nature. PMs across all pain intensity cohorts had significantly less reduction in pain scores from baseline compared to NMs (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). These results encourage further investigation into prospective pre-emptive <em>CYP2D6</em> testing regarding effective pain management by optimizing opioid administration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 6","pages":"Article 102905"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144860075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing pharmacy workflow to enhance the integration of HIV prevention services","authors":"Alexis Hudson,&nbsp;Dorie Josma,&nbsp;Joseph Morris,&nbsp;Roderick Hopkins,&nbsp;Chante Hamilton,&nbsp;Donald G. Klepser,&nbsp;Henry N. Young,&nbsp;Natalie D. Crawford","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Community pharmacies are well-positioned to expand access to HIV prevention services, including pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), by offering convenient, community-based care in areas with high HIV burden. Yet, the operational realities of incorporating oral PrEP into existing workflows, particularly within independently owned pharmacies operating under restrictive prescribing policies, remain underexplored. Workflow assessments and task modeling offer an opportunity to inform scalable strategies for service integration.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To examine community pharmacy workflow patterns and resource use to inform the development of a real-world model for integrating PrEP services into independent pharmacy settings, while ensuring service quality and reducing stigma.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Structured workflow, resource observations, and hierarchical task analysis (HTA) were conducted in 7 independently owned community pharmacies in high-HIV-prevalence areas of Atlanta, Georgia. Observers recorded routine staffing patterns, task flow, and infrastructure availability. HTA was used to map medication dispensing tasks and identify realistic entry points for PrEP-related services such as counseling, education, and dispensing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Pharmacies exhibited consistent core dispensing processes but differed in staffing configurations, space for private consultations, and capacity to support additional services. The HTA-informed analysis yielded a composite model aligning PrEP service elements with existing workflows to minimize disruption and support patient-centered care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study offers a formative approach to aligning PrEP delivery with routine pharmacy operations through direct workflow analysis and task modeling. The resulting model reflects the unique context of independently owned pharmacies in the U.S. Southeast and provides a practical foundation for future implementation efforts in similar settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 6","pages":"Article 102903"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144850350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}