Journal of the American Pharmacists Association最新文献

{"title":"A cross-sectional evaluation of college students' access to contraception in North Carolina","authors":"Kaitlyn Queen,&nbsp;Kendall Heetderks,&nbsp;Casey Tak,&nbsp;Julie Feimster,&nbsp;Macary W. Marciniak,&nbsp;Mollie Ashe Scott","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Unintended pregnancies in college-aged women can negatively impact well-being as well as educational and economic attainment. Despite this, availability of contraception is inconsistent on college and university campuses.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to determine what barriers college students experience when accessing contraception.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>College students at 2 public universities in North Carolina were invited to participate in an online survey via flyers, emails, and social media posts. The survey assessed participant demographics and experiences obtaining contraceptives. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize demographics and chi-square or Fisher exact test, Student <em>t</em>-tests, and Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> tests, as appropriate, were used to compare responses between the 2 universities.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One hundred and ninty-five college students responded to the survey. Three out of four respondents reported that they were prescribed contraception by a health care professional off campus, and 79% remained on their parents' insurance. Eighteen percent of respondents reported difficulty obtaining contraception in the previous year and 26% had gone without birth control in the previous year. Barriers to contraception access included difficulties getting refills from providers, inconvenient hours of community pharmacies, transportation, cost, and social stigma. One in ten students reported paying out of pocket for contraception to avoid parental judgment. The most frequently used contraceptive method was the combined hormonal contraceptive pill followed by condoms. There were no clinically significant differences in experiences obtaining birth control between the 2 institutions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>College-aged women experience challenges obtaining contraception, creating opportunities for birth control pharmacists to serve this population in states that authorize pharmacist-prescribed hormonal contraception.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 6","pages":"Article 102488"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge of immunosuppressants and transplant patient management in community pharmacy","authors":"Jean Chasseray PhD,&nbsp;Elouan Demay,&nbsp;Cécile Vigneau PhD,&nbsp;Camille Boissière PhD,&nbsp;Astrid Bacle PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Immunosuppressive therapies are essential for transplant recipients and are increasingly prescribed in autoimmune and oncologic conditions. In France, community pharmacists are legally involved in therapeutic patient education (TPE) and medication counseling. However, their level of knowledge regarding immunosuppressive therapies remains poorly documented.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the knowledge of French pharmacy professionals—pharmacists, pharmacy technicians, and pharmacy students—regarding Immunosuppressive therapies, particularly in the context of transplant patient management. It also sought to identify gaps in counseling practices and educational needs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey was conducted from April 2022 to March 2023 using a 20-item online questionnaire. The survey was distributed nationally to community pharmacy professionals. Questions covered immunosuppressive therapy, patient education, lifestyle risks, and infectious precautions. Responses were weighted based on clinical importance, and group comparisons were performed using nonparametric statistical tests.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 265 participants completed the survey (177 pharmacists, 50 students, 38 technicians). Pharmacists scored significantly higher than technicians (11.76 ± 6.2 vs. 8.00 ± 6.5; <em>P</em> = 0.004). Students showed intermediate scores with greater variability. Major knowledge gaps were observed regarding missed doses, food interactions, rejection signs, and self-medication risks. Only 22.6% identified self-medication as unsafe for transplant patients. Lifestyle and travel counseling practices were inconsistent across groups. TPE training was reported by 51.4% of pharmacists, 28% of students, and 5.3% of technicians.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study revealed heterogeneous knowledge and counseling practices among pharmacy professionals regarding immunosuppressive therapies. These findings highlight the need for targeted education, integration of immunosuppressive topics into pharmacy curricula, and enhanced collaboration between hospital and community pharmacists to support safe and effective long-term care for immunosuppressed patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 6","pages":"Article 102484"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E Pluribus Unum: Pharmacists, The Profession & The Changing Needs of Society","authors":"Stephen W. Schondelmeyer","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102486","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 5","pages":"Article 102486"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144809656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacist roles enhancing substance use disorder treatment access, continuation, and education in a problem-solving court","authors":"Ekaterina Pivovarova,&nbsp;Peter D. Friedmann,&nbsp;Joseph Sawicki,&nbsp;Jeffrey Bratberg","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Problem-solving courts (PSCs) are major diversionary programs in the United States criminal legal system, mandating substance use and mental health treatment as an alternative to incarceration. While they reduce recidivism, their impact on clinical outcomes remains uncertain. A significant challenge is ensuring participants have access to and remain in evidence-based medication treatments. Notable barriers to treatment engagement and retention include a lack of relationships between PSCs and community treatment providers, as well as pharmacotherapy expertise. A case study highlights the role of a clinical pharmacist in recovery courts. The pharmacist position was created to address a gap in substance use treatment expertise in recovery courts. The position was funded by a research grant and supplemented by the state court administrative office. The pharmacist role evolved into 5 categories, a liaison between recovery courts and providers; a medication consultant, educating and advising court staff on medications and toxicology test interpretation; court participant care, through medication reviews and adherence support; court educator, providing staff with up-to-date information on new treatments, contaminants, and practical medication considerations; and participant educator on similar issues. The case describes the value of integrating pharmacists in PSCs, enhancing treatment access, participant outcomes, and medication knowledge of court staff.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 6","pages":"Article 102481"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144684000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Encouraging OTC naloxone accessibility across the United States","authors":"Declan M. Folan BS,&nbsp;Lucas G. Hill PharmD, FCCP,&nbsp;Lucas A. Berenbrok PharmD, MS","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102464","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102464","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 6","pages":"Article 102464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144677203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Untapped opportunities: The unique value proposition of women of color pharmacists","authors":"Olihe N. Okoro,&nbsp;Omolayo T. Umaru,&nbsp;Meghana S. Ray","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the United States, the profession of pharmacy has undergone significant transformation over the past 3 decades, marked by an educational transition from a “Bachelor of Science” in Pharmacy (BS/BPharm) degree to a “Doctor of Pharmacy” (PharmD) degree requirement, and a move from predominantly independent drugstores to the rise of retail chains. Concurrently, there has been a notable increase in enrollment of women from minoritized populations in pharmacy programs, and subsequently into the pharmacy workforce. The current report is a reflection upon the historical context and unique contributions of Women of Color (WoC) pharmacists in the United States, highlighting their progress and persisting challenges.</div><div>The data on enrollment into pharmacy schools and colleges demonstrate a steady increase in WoC pharmacy degree recipients, reflecting changing demographics of the pharmacy workforce. WoC pharmacists bring distinctive perspectives to healthcare delivery, particularly in understanding and addressing systemic barriers and health disparities affecting underserved communities. Their ability to provide culturally-responsive patient care and navigate complex healthcare landscapes makes them invaluable assets to healthcare delivery and the profession.</div><div>However, WoC pharmacists continue to face significant challenges, including harmful stereotypes, racial and gender discrimination, pay inequity, limited access to mentorship networks, and inadequate support for work-life integration. Despite their growing numbers and significant contributions to community health, WoC pharmacists remain severely underrepresented in leadership positions. These underscore the urgent need for educational institutions, healthcare organizations, and professional bodies to implement comprehensive strategies that foster diverse, inclusive, and supportive workplaces. These strategies should go beyond hiring initiatives, and include mentorship programs, professional development opportunities, and workplace policies that support work-life integration. Investment in the success and well-being of WoC pharmacists is crucial not only for advancing equity within the profession but also for creating a more effective health care system that better serves all communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 6","pages":"Article 102482"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144677205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rx for Change: An integrative approach to community-clinical linkages and impact on health outcomes","authors":"Rebecca R. Schoen,&nbsp;Tiffany Hatcher,&nbsp;Lisa Ripper,&nbsp;Tricia Morphew,&nbsp;Marla Breitbarth,&nbsp;Elizabeth Bunk Barton,&nbsp;Jennifer Padden Elliott","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Pharmacists provide patient education, medication management, and lifestyle support to help improve health outcomes. Expanding the pharmacist's role in community-clinical connections could increase access to health care, especially for populations that may experience multiple barriers to receiving care. The Rx for Change program was created as a response to the health disparities and high burden of chronic disease among the African American community in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This pilot study hypothesizes that a well-coordinated, integrative approach to diabetes and cardiovascular disease prevention and management will improve health outcomes in predominantly African American communities.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Participants met quarterly with pharmacists, enrolled in chronic disease management programs, and received support for diet and physical activity recommendations over a 1-year period. Demographic and clinical characteristics, readiness for change, program referral and participation, and clinical outcomes were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Rx for Change enrolled 52 participants that predominantly identified as Black (71.2%). One-quarter of participants were morbidly obese, one-third had Type 2 diabetes, and one-half had hypertension. Engagement with pharmacist visits was high with 82.7% completing at least 3 of 5 visits. Of those engaged with the National Diabetes Prevention Program, 25% lost 5% or more of their body weight and 75% reported completing the recommended 150 min of activity per week. Systolic blood pressure improved by an average of 11.7 mmHg for disease management program participants. Participants reported the medication reviews, health screenings, and diet and lifestyle support were helpful, with two-thirds reporting plans to work with a pharmacist in the future to promote their health.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A community-based, integrative approach was associated with improved health outcomes in predominantly African American communities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 6","pages":"Article 102480"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144669281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New onset diabetic retinopathy with glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists: A case report","authors":"Jennifer Ko,&nbsp;Yaseman Jahromi","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102475","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102475","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of acquired vision loss in middle-aged adults. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) are widely used in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Emerging evidence has suggested a possible link between GLP-1 RAs and the acceleration of DR. However, the evidence on the association between GLP-1RA therapies and risk for DR has been mixed, and there is limited guidance on how to manage new onset or worsening DR for patients taking GLP-1RA therapy. The objective of this case report is to describe the clinical decision-making involved in the management of a patient with T2D who developed new-onset and worsening retinopathy following the initiation of several GLP-1RA therapies.</div></div><div><h3>Case summary</h3><div>A 43-year-old female with T2D and class II obesity was diagnosed with mild nonproliferative DR after taking various GLP1-RA therapy (ie, exenatide ER and dulaglutide) and maintaining glycemic control for 19 months. The patient was later transitioned to subcutaneous semaglutide for additional weight loss, and diabetic macular edema was detected in the right eye 2 months after. Due to a potentially lower risk of DR complications, treatment was promptly switched to oral semaglutide. The patient's eye exam revealed that her DR improved and diabetic macular edema had significantly resolved 8 months after switching therapy.</div></div><div><h3>Practice implications</h3><div>This case highlights a progressive decline in retinal health despite well-controlled T2D and the possible contribution of GLP-1RA therapy to DR progression. Switching to GLP-1RA agents with potentially lower risk for DR, such as oral semaglutide, may be beneficial when patients develop DR on GLP1-RA therapy. Further studies that evaluate the risk of DR while using GLP-1RA therapy, as well as the risk across the GLP1-RA class, are needed. Additional guidance on managing possible new onset or worsening DR on GLP-1RA therapy is especially necessary.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 5","pages":"Article 102475"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144562639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Actions of the 2025 American Pharmacists Association House of Delegates, Nashville, TN, March 21-24, 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102456","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102456","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 4","pages":"Article 102456"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144522755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of a nation-wide priority panel report on naloxone distribution at the united states veterans health administration","authors":"M. Bounthavong,&nbsp;M.A. Harvey,&nbsp;J.E. Himstreet,&nbsp;M.L.D. Christopher","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2025.102432","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 4","pages":"Article 102432"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144770621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}