Journal of the American Pharmacists Association最新文献

{"title":"Perceptions of PGY1 residency program directors toward online pharmacy students.","authors":"Mohammad Sajjad, Michael R Gionfriddo, Branden D Nemecek","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>While research has identified characteristics that improve students' chances of matching into a postgraduate year 1 (PGY1) residency, it is unclear how graduating from an online pharmacy program affects these chances.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our qualitative descriptive study aimed to explore perceptions of residency program directors (RPDs) toward online pharmacy students and how these perceptions may affect match rankings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PGY1 RPDs were identified using the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists Residency Directory, recruited via email, and interviewed with a set of prespecified open-ended questions. Interviews were digitally recorded and transcribed, with transcripts being used to develop consensus codes and consequent themes and subthemes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fourteen RPDs from a variety of residency program types were interviewed. Most RPDs had positive or neutral perceptions towards online pharmacy programs. Their perceptions of the students in these programs were mixed, with some extolling drive and motivation, while others assuming laziness as motivation for pursuing an online program. RPDs mentioned that being in an online pharmacy program could negatively affect students' skills, such as patient care and communication skills, while others felt it could positively affect self-advocacy and time management skills. Despite these concerns, RPDs reiterated they use the same criteria and advice as they would for traditional students and that it would not affect their ranking.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RPDs' perceptions toward online pharmacy programs and the students in them were mixed, with some being concerned the nature of these programs would negatively impact skills needed for residency. Despite these concerns, RPDs reiterated these students will be assessed no differently from traditional students.</p>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":" ","pages":"102300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142741174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Availability of and attitudes toward harm reduction services: A rural pharmacy perspective.","authors":"Grace Marley, Erin Blythe, Salisa Westrick, Delesha M Carpenter","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102291","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There's limited information available about the range of harm reduction (HR) services provided by rural pharmacies.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study's objectives are to describe the types of HR services offered by rural pharmacies and examine pharmacists' attitudes and willingness to offer those services.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional online survey was sent to pharmacists who are members of a practice-based research network for rural community pharmacies. Pharmacists reported the frequency to which their pharmacy engage in as well as their willingness to offer the following HR services: naloxone dispensing; buprenorphine dispensing; point of care testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C (HCV); and nonprescription syringe (NPS) sales. Also, pharmacists' knowledge and willingness to sell drug test strips and attitudes toward people who inject drugs (PWIDs) were assessed. Descriptive statistics were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 61 pharmacists completed the survey (completion rate = 45.2%). Most reported dispensing naloxone 2-3 times per month (90.2%), and a third dispensed buprenorphine daily (32.8%). Only one pharmacy offered HIV testing, and none offered HCV testing. Most pharmacies (65.6%) had a policy regarding the sale of NPS, with 21.3% reporting they never dispense nonprescription syringes. Many pharmacists were willing to sell fentanyl test strips (67.2%) and xylazine test strips (50.8%). Pharmacists' most negative attitudes related to believing PWID customers make other customers feel uncomfortable and that providers keep patients on buprenorphine for too long.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Many rural community pharmacists engage in HR services and are willing to offer more. However, stigmatizing attitudes highlight the need for pharmacy-focused HR training to reduce stigma and increase knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":" ","pages":"102291"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacy 2050: A new clinical and patient experience","authors":"George Bernard Van Antwerp Jr.","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102290","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102290","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the changing demographics of the U.S. population and evolving shift in urban design, the physical experience at the community level will change how health care is delivered. This will allow for more personalized and localized care complemented by digital technologies and smart devices over the next 25 years. At the same time, the evolution of clinical research with prevention, vaccinations, 3-dimensional printing, drone delivery, clustered interspaced short palindromic repeats, and implantables, will change the pharmaceutical landscape.</div><div>Pharmacists and pharmacies have an opportunity to evolve with these changes making their role an integral part of the care team, but it is important that regulations and reimbursement also change. By 2050, pharmacists may play very different roles from clinical specialists to digital coaches and use data, artificial intelligence, and technology to help drive outcomes whereas robots and technology automate many of their current repetitive tasks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 1","pages":"Article 102290"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142631356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bringing providers into the community pharmacy: Experiential education","authors":"Rebecca M. Lahrman","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102276","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 1","pages":"Article 102276"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feasibility of reaching populations at high risk for HIV in community pharmacies","authors":"Natalie D. Crawford,&nbsp;Kristin R.V. Harrington,&nbsp;Christina Chandra,&nbsp;Daniel I. Alohan,&nbsp;Alvan Quamina,&nbsp;Omarri Beck,&nbsp;Henry N. Young","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Growing evidence has shown feasibility for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention service integration in pharmacies, including HIV testing and screening for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Yet, further work is needed to determine whether pharmacies can effectively reach those at increased risk of HIV transmission.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We aimed to describe the HIV risk profiles and willingness to obtain HIV prevention services from a sample of pharmacy clients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional pilot study aimed to develop a culturally appropriate pharmacy-based PrEP delivery model among Black men who have sex with men. Two pharmacies were recruited from low-income, underserved communities and participants were recruited within pharmacies for screener and social and behavioral surveys. Individuals were grouped by PrEP eligibility due to sexual risk, injection drug use risk, or both, and demographic and willingness measures were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 460 pharmacy clients, 81 (17.6%) would have been eligible for PrEP due to sex or injection drug use risk. Most were eligible due to sexual risk (58.0%), while a substantial proportion were eligible due to injection drug use (27.2%) or a combination of sexual and injection drug use risk behaviors (42.0%). Of these eligible, the median age was 31 years (interquartile range = 28.32) and most had ≥1 female (75.3%) or male (96.3%) partner in the past 6 months. There was high willingness to receive a free HIV test in a pharmacy (90.1%). Most were willing to screen for PrEP in a pharmacy (95.1%) despite these services not being available in the state where this study was performed. There were no differences in willingness to obtain pharmacy-based HIV prevention services across risk groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study shows that pharmacies in disadvantaged areas can serve a key role in preventing and decreasing the transmission of HIV by reaching populations with high HIV burden and providing HIV prevention services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"64 6","pages":"Article 102239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142146711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A shared passion for providing care","authors":"Diana D. Martínez-Nava BA, BS","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102269","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"64 6","pages":"Article 102269"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacists are the medication, and medication literacy, experts","authors":"Heather A. Johnson PharmD, BCACP","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102267","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"64 6","pages":"Article 102267"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing health literacy and patient communication from the lens of science","authors":"Aleda M.H. Chen PharmD, PhD, MS, FAPhA","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102268","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"64 6","pages":"Article 102268"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142553176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1544-3191(24)00308-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1544-3191(24)00308-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"64 6","pages":"Article 102277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of an outpatient clinical pharmacy service at an adult cystic fibrosis center","authors":"Olga Marshall,&nbsp;Engy Dous,&nbsp;Kaitlyn Simpson,&nbsp;Cheng-Shiun Leu,&nbsp;Jiying Han,&nbsp;Claire Keating,&nbsp;Emily DiMango","doi":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102270","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.japh.2024.102270","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>High treatment burden can adversely impact health outcomes in people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF). There is a continued need for medication adherence education and further research to evaluate impact of cystic fibrosis (CF) pharmacist interventions in an ambulatory care setting.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate whether pharmacist integration into an outpatient adult CF clinic can positively impact patient satisfaction and medication adherence through various pharmacist-based interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>At a single urban medical center, a clinical pharmacist on an adult CF care team conducted comprehensive counseling sessions with PwCF. During these visits, types of pharmacist interventions were documented. Patients were provided a baseline and postcounseling survey to assess satisfaction with the pharmacist visit. Adherence to cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) modulator and mucolytics were tracked 12 months before and 12 months after the counseling session.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 723 pharmacist interventions were performed throughout 100 pharmacist visits in 100 PwCF. Most common interventions were inhaler technique education (17%), drug interaction identification (12%), provision of drug education material (12%), and medication refills (12%). Prior to any intervention, 97% of patients felt they could benefit from a pharmacist visit. Postcounseling survey results demonstrated that 98% of patients found pharmacist counseling to be beneficial. Medication adherence rate prior to pharmacy intervention was 81.9% for CFTR modulators and 62.5% for mucolytics, and 86.9% (<em>P</em> = 0.143) and 63.6% (<em>P</em> = 0.773), respectively, after pharmacist intervention.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Integration of a clinical pharmacist within the CF clinic can help improve satisfaction and understanding of medication use among PwCF. Nearly all PwCF favorably perceived pharmacist counseling. We report that various pharmacist interventions including optimizing medication use knowledge, reinforcing adherence strategies, and streamlining timely access to treatment can contribute to enhanced care of PwCF.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50015,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the American Pharmacists Association","volume":"65 1","pages":"Article 102270"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}