Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society最新文献

{"title":"Predicting neuropsychological late effects in pediatric brain tumor survivors using the Neurological Predictor Scale and the Pediatric Neuro-Oncology Rating of Treatment Intensity.","authors":"Alannah R Srsich, Mark D McCurdy, Peter M Fantozzi, Matthew C Hocking","doi":"10.1017/S1355617723000589","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617723000589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Neurological Predictor Scale (NPS) quantifies cumulative exposure to tumor- and treatment-related neurological risks. The Pediatric Neuro-Oncology Rating of Treatment Intensity (PNORTI) measures the intensity of different treatment modalities, but research is needed to establish whether it is associated with late effects. This study evaluated the predictive validity of the NPS and PNORTI for neuropsychological outcomes in pediatric brain tumor survivors.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A retrospective chart review was completed of pediatric brain tumor survivors (PBTS) (<i>n</i> = 161, <i>M</i>_age = 13.47, <i>SD</i> = 2.80) who were at least 2 years from the end of tumor-directed treatment. Attention, intellectual functioning, perceptual reasoning, processing speed, verbal reasoning, and working memory were analyzed in relation to the NPS and PNORTI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>NPS scores ranged from 1 to 11 (<i>M</i> = 5.57, <i>SD</i> = 2.27) and PNORTI scores ranged from 1 (<i>n</i> = 101; 62.7%) to 3 (<i>n</i> = 18; 11.2%). When controlling for age, sex, SES factors, and time since treatment, NPS scores significantly predicted intellectual functioning [<i>F</i>(7,149) = 12.86, <i>p</i> < .001, <i>R</i>² = .38] and processing speed [<i>F</i>(7,84) = 5.28, <i>p</i> < .001, <i>R</i>² = .31]. PNORTI scores did not significantly predict neuropsychological outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings suggest that the NPS has value in predicting IF and processing speed above-and-beyond demographic variables. The PNORTI was not associated with neuropsychological outcomes. Future research should consider establishing clinical cutoff scores for the NPS to help determine which survivors are most at risk for neuropsychological late effects and warrant additional assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41174503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Importance of validity testing in psychiatric assessment: evidence from a sample of multimorbid post-9/11 veterans.","authors":"Sahra Kim, Alyssa Currao, Emma Brown, William P Milberg, Catherine B Fortier","doi":"10.1017/S1355617723000711","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617723000711","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Performance validity (PVTs) and symptom validity tests (SVTs) are necessary components of neuropsychological testing to identify suboptimal performances and response bias that may impact diagnosis and treatment. The current study examined the clinical and functional characteristics of veterans who failed PVTs and the relationship between PVT and SVT failures.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Five hundred and sixteen post-9/11 veterans participated in clinical interviews, neuropsychological testing, and several validity measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Veterans who failed 2+ PVTs performed significantly worse than veterans who failed one PVT in verbal memory (Cohen's <i>d =</i> .60-.69), processing speed (Cohen's <i>d =</i> .68), working memory (Cohen's <i>d</i> = .98), and visual memory (Cohen's <i>d =</i> .88-1.10). Individuals with 2+ PVT failures had greater posttraumatic stress (PTS; <i>β</i> = 0.16; <i>p</i> = .0002), and worse self-reported depression (<i>β</i> = 0.17; <i>p</i> = .0001), anxiety (<i>β</i> = 0.15; <i>p</i> = .0007), sleep (<i>β</i> = 0.10; <i>p</i> = .0233), and functional outcomes (<i>β</i> = 0.15; <i>p</i> = .0009) compared to veterans who passed PVTs. 7.8% veterans failed the SVT (Validity-10; ≥19 cutoff); Multiple PVT failures were significantly associated with Validity-10 failure at the ≥19 and ≥23 cutoffs (<i>p</i>'s < .0012). The Validity-10 had moderate correspondence in predicting 2+ PVTs failures (<i>AUC</i> = 0.83; <i>95% CI</i> = 0.76, 0.91).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PVT failures are associated with psychiatric factors, but not traumatic brain injury (TBI). PVT failures predict SVT failure and vice versa. Standard care should include SVTs and PVTs in all clinical assessments, not just neuropsychological assessments, particularly in clinically complex populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust reference group normative data for neuropsychological tests accounting for primary language use in Asian American older adults.","authors":"Arunima Kapoor, Jean K Ho, Jung Yun Jang, Daniel A Nation","doi":"10.1017/S1355617723000759","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617723000759","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present study aimed to develop neuropsychological norms for older Asian Americans with English as a primary or secondary language, using data from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A normative sample of Asian American participants was derived from the NACC database using robust criteria: participants were cognitively unimpaired at baseline (i.e., no MCI or dementia) and remained cognitively unimpaired at 1-year follow-up. Clinical and demographic characteristics were compared between Primary and Secondary English speakers using analyses of variance for continuous measures and chi-square tests for categorical variables. Linear regression models compared neuropsychological performance between the groups, adjusting for demographics (age, sex, and education). Regression models were developed for clinical application to compute demographically adjusted <i>z</i>-scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Secondary English speakers were younger than Primary English speakers (<i>p</i> < .001). There were significant differences between the groups on measures of mental status (Mini-Mental State Examination, <i>p</i> = .002), attention (Trail Making Test A, Digit Span Forward Total Score, <i>p</i> <.001), language (Boston Naming Test, Animal Fluency, Vegetable Fluency, <i>p</i> < .001), and executive function (Trail Making Test B, <i>p</i> = .02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Separate normative data are needed for Primary vs. Secondary English speakers from Asian American backgrounds. We provide normative data on older Asian Americans to enable clinicians to account for English use in the interpretation of neuropsychological assessment scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11014765/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139998114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perception of cognitive change by individuals with Parkinson's disease or essential tremor seeking deep brain stimulation: Utility of the cognitive change index.","authors":"Katie Rodriguez, Rachel N Schade, Francesca V Lopez, Lauren E Kenney, Adrianna M Ratajska, Joshua Gertler, Dawn Bowers","doi":"10.1017/S1355617723000620","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617723000620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Cognitive Change Index (CCI-20) is a validated questionnaire that assesses subjective cognitive complaints (SCCs) across memory, language, and executive domains. We aimed to: (a) examine the internal consistency and construct validity of the CCI-20 in patients with movement disorders and (b) learn how the CCI-20 corresponds to objective neuropsychological and mood performance in individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) or essential tremor (ET) seeking deep brain stimulation (DBS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>216 participants (<i>N</i> = 149 PD; <i>N</i> = 67 ET) underwent neuropsychological evaluation and received the CCI-20. The proposed domains of the CCI-20 were examined via confirmatory (CFA) and exploratory (EFA) factor analyses. Hierarchical regressions were used to assess the relationship among subjective cognitive complaints, neuropsychological performance and mood symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PD and ET groups were similar across neuropsychological, mood, and CCI-20 scores and were combined into one group who was well educated (<i>m</i> = 15.01 ± 2.92), in their mid-60's (<i>m</i> = 67.72 ± 9.33), predominantly male (63%), and non-Hispanic White (93.6%). Previously proposed 3-domain CCI-20 model failed to achieve adequate fit. Subsequent EFA revealed two CCI-20 factors: memory and non-memory (<i>p</i> < 0.001; CFI = 0.924). Regressions indicated apathy and depressive symptoms were associated with greater memory and total cognitive complaints, while poor executive function and anxiety were associated with more non-memory complaints.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Two distinct dimensions were identified in the CCI-20: memory and non-memory complaints. Non-memory complaints were indicative of worse executive function, consistent with PD and ET cognitive profiles. Mood significantly contributed to all CCI-20 dimensions. Future studies should explore the utility of SCCs in predicting cognitive decline in these populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10997739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41151123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Six elements test vs D-KEFS: what does \"Ecological Validity\" tell us?","authors":"Yana Suchy, Michelle Gereau Mora, Stacey Lipio Brothers, Libby A DesRuisseaux","doi":"10.1017/S1355617723000723","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617723000723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Extensive research shows that tests of executive functioning (EF) predict instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs) but are nevertheless often criticized for having poor ecological validity. The Modified Six Elements Test (MSET) is a pencil-and-paper test that was developed to mimic the demands of daily life, with the assumption that this would result in a more ecologically valid test. Although the MSET has been extensively validated in its ability to capture cognitive deficits in various populations, support for its ability to predict functioning in daily life is mixed. This study aimed to examine the MSET's ability to predict IADLs assessed via three different modalities <i>relative</i> to traditional EF measures.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Participants (93 adults aged 60 - 85) completed the MSET, traditional measures of EF (Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System; D-KEFS), and self-reported and performance-based IADLs in the lab. Participants then completed three weeks of IADL tasks at home, using the Daily Assessment of Independent Living and Executive Skills (DAILIES) protocol.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MSET predicted only IADLs completed at home, while the D-KEFS predicted IADLs across all three modalities. Further, the D-KEFS predicted home-based IADLs <i>beyond</i> the MSET when pitted against each other, whereas the MSET did not contribute beyond the D-KEFS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Traditional EF tests (D-KEFS) appear to be superior to the MSET in predicting IADLs in community-dwelling older adults. The present results argue against replacing traditional measures with the MSET when addressing functional independence of generally high-functioning and cognitive healthy older adult patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140095025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utility of the INECO Frontal Screening and the Frontal Assessment Battery in detecting executive dysfunction in early-onset cognitive impairment and dementia.","authors":"Anna-Leena Heikkinen, Veera Tikkanen, Tuomo Hänninen, Christer Hublin, Anne M Koivisto, Toni T Saari, Anne M Remes, Teemu I Paajanen, Johanna Krüger","doi":"10.1017/S1355617723000619","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617723000619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The INECO Frontal Screening (IFS) and the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB) are executive dysfunction (ED) screening tools that can distinguish patients with neurodegenerative disorders from healthy controls and, to some extent, between dementia subtypes. This paper aims to examine the suitability of these tests in assessing early-onset cognitive impairment and dementia patients.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In a memory clinic patient cohort (age mean = 57.4 years) with symptom onset at ≤65 years, we analyzed the IFS and the FAB results of four groups: early-onset dementia (EOD, <i>n</i> = 49), mild cognitive impairment due to neurological causes (MCI-n, <i>n</i> = 34), MCI due to other causes such as depression (MCI-o, <i>n</i> = 99) and subjective cognitive decline (SCD, <i>n</i> = 14). Data were gathered at baseline and at 6 and 12 months. We also studied the tests' accuracy in distinguishing EOD from SCD patients and ED patients from those with intact executive functioning. Correlations with neuropsychological measures were also studied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The EOD group had significantly (<i>p</i> < .05) lower IFS and FAB total scores than the MCI-o and SCD groups. Compared with the FAB, the IFS showed more statistically significant (<i>p</i> < .05) differences between diagnostic groups, greater accuracy (IFS AUC = .80, FAB AUC = .75, <i>p</i> = .036) in detecting ED and marginally stronger correlations with neuropsychological measures. We found no statistically significant differences in the EOD group scores from baseline up to 6- or 12-months follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>While both tests can detect EOD among memory clinic patients, the IFS may be more reliable in detecting ED than the FAB.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41157996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alzheimer disease biomarkers are associated with decline in subjective memory, attention, and spatial navigation ability in clinically normal adults.","authors":"Taylor F Levine, Steven J Dessenberger, Samantha L Allison, Denise Head","doi":"10.1017/S135561772300070X","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S135561772300070X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Subtle changes in memory, attention, and spatial navigation abilities have been associated with preclinical Alzheimer disease (AD). The current study examined whether baseline AD biomarkers are associated with self- and informant-reported decline in memory, attention, and spatial navigation.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Clinically normal (Clinical Dementia Rating Scale (CDR®) = 0) adults aged 56-93 (<i>N</i> = 320) and their informants completed the memory, divided attention, and visuospatial abilities (which assesses spatial navigation) subsections of the Everyday Cognition Scale (ECog) annually for an average of 4 years. Biomarker data was collected within (±) 2 years of baseline (i.e., cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) p-tau₁₈₁/Aβ₄₂ ratio and hippocampal volume). Clinical progression was defined as CDR > 0 at time of final available ECog.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Self- and informant-reported memory, attention, and spatial navigation significantly declined over time (<i>p</i>s < .001). Baseline AD biomarkers were significantly associated with self- and informant-reported decline in cognitive ability (<i>p</i>s < .030), with the exception of p-tau₁₈₁/Aβ₄₂ ratio and self-reported attention (<i>p</i> = .364). Clinical progression did not significantly moderate the relationship between AD biomarkers and decline in self- or informant-reported cognitive ability (<i>p</i>s > .062). Post-hoc analyses indicated that biomarker burden was also associated with self- and informant-reported decline in total ECog (<i>p</i>s < .002), and again clinical progression did not significantly moderate these relationships (<i>p</i>s > .299).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AD biomarkers at baseline may indicate risk of decline in self- and informant-reported change in memory, attention, and spatial navigation ability. As such, subjectively reported decline in these domains may have clinical utility in tracking the subtle cognitive changes associated with the earliest stages of AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of facial biofeedback on hypomimia, emotion recognition, and affect in Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Sarah Roßkopf, Theresa Friederike Wechsler, Stefanie Tucha, Andreas Mühlberger","doi":"10.1017/S1355617723000747","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617723000747","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Facial expressions are a core component of emotions and nonverbal social communication. Therefore, hypomimia as secondary symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD) has adverse effects like social impairment, stigmatization, under-diagnosis and under-treatment of depression, and a generally lower quality of life. Beside unspecific dopaminergic treatment, specific treatment options for hypomimia in PD are rarely investigated. This quasi-randomized controlled trial evaluated the short-term effects of facial electromyogram (EMG) based biofeedback to enhance facial expression and emotion recognition as nonverbal social communication skills in PD patients. Furthermore effects on affect are examined.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A sample of 34 in-patients with PD were allocated either to facial EMG-biofeedback as experimental group or non-facial exercises as control group. Facial expression during posing of emotions (measured via EMG), facial emotion recognition, and positive and negative affect were assessed before and after treatment. Stronger improvements were expected in the EMG-biofeedback in comparison to the control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The facial EMG-biofeedback group showed significantly greater improvements in overall facial expression, and especially for happiness and disgust. Also, overall facial emotion recognition abilities improved significantly stronger in the experimental group. Positive affect was significantly increased in both groups with no significant differences between them, while negative affect did not change within both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study provides promising evidence for facial EMG-biofeedback as a tool to improve facial expression and emotion recognition in PD. Embodiment theories are discussed as working mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138452966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved intraindividual variability in cognitive performance following cognitive and exercise training in older adults.","authors":"Nárlon C Boa Sorte Silva, Lisanne F Ten Brinke, Allison A M Bielak, Todd C Handy, Teresa Liu-Ambrose","doi":"10.1017/S1355617723000577","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617723000577","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Increased intraindividual variability (IIV) of cognitive performance is a marker of cognitive decline in older adults. Whether computerized cognitive training (CCT) and aerobic exercise counteracts cognitive decline by reducing IIV is unknown. We investigated the effects of CCT with or without aerobic exercise on IIV in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a secondary analysis of an 8-week randomized controlled trial. Older adults (aged 65-85 years) were randomized to CCT alone (<i>n</i> = 41), CCT with aerobic exercise (<i>n</i> = 41), or an active control group (<i>n</i> = 42). The CCT group trained using the Fit Brains® platform 3×/week for 1 hr (plus 3×/week of home-based training). The CCT with aerobic exercise group received 15 min of walking plus 45 min of Fit Brains® 3×/week (plus 3×/week of home-based training). The control group received sham exercise and cognitive training (3×/week for 1 hr). We computed reaction time IIV from the Dimensional Change Card Sort Test, Flanker Inhibitory Control and Attention Test (Flanker), and Pattern Comparison Processing Speed Test (PACPS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with the control group, IIV reduced in a processing speed task (PACPS) following CCT alone (mean difference [95% confidence interval]: -0.144 [-0.255 to -0.034], <i>p</i> < 0.01) and CCT with aerobic exercise (-0.113 [-0.225 to -0.001], <i>p</i> < 0.05). Attention (Flanker congruent) IIV was reduced only after CCT with aerobic exercise (-0.130 [-0.242 to -0.017], <i>p</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A CCT program promoted cognitive health via reductions in IIV of cognitive performance and combining it with aerobic exercise may result in broader benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49684298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of a nonverbal consensus-based semantic memory paradigm in patients with epilepsy","authors":"Edwina B. Tran, Jet M.J. Vonk, Kaitlin Casaletto, Da Zhang, Raphael Christin, Siddharth Marathe, Maria Luisa Gorno-Tempini, Edward F. Chang, Jonathan K. Kleen","doi":"10.1017/s1355617724000158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s1355617724000158","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Brain areas implicated in semantic memory can be damaged in patients with epilepsy (PWE). However, it is challenging to delineate semantic processing deficits from acoustic, linguistic, and other verbal aspects in current neuropsychological assessments. We developed a new Visual-based Semantic Association Task (ViSAT) to evaluate nonverbal semantic processing in PWE. Method: The ViSAT was adapted from similar predecessors (Pyramids &amp; Palm Trees test, PPT; Camels &amp; Cactus Test, CCT) comprised of 100 unique trials using real-life color pictures that avoid demographic, cultural, and other potential confounds. We obtained performance data from 23 PWE participants and 24 control participants (Control), along with crowdsourced normative data from 54 Amazon Mechanical Turk (Mturk) workers. Results: ViSAT reached a consensus &gt;90% in 91.3% of trials compared to 83.6% in PPT and 82.9% in CCT. A deep learning model demonstrated that visual features of the stimulus images (color, shape; i.e., non-semantic) did not influence top answer choices (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.577). The PWE group had lower accuracy than the Control group (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.019). PWE had longer response times than the Control group in general and this was augmented for the semantic processing (trial answer) stage (both <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: This study demonstrated performance impairments in PWE that may reflect dysfunction of nonverbal semantic memory circuits, such as seizure onset zones overlapping with key semantic regions (e.g., anterior temporal lobe). The ViSAT paradigm avoids confounds, is repeatable/longitudinal, captures behavioral data, and is open-source, thus we propose it as a strong alternative for clinical and research assessment of nonverbal semantic memory.","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140562106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}