The prediction limits of the National Adult Reading Test and its abbreviated and international variants

IF 2.6 4区 心理学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Ian van der Linde, Peter Bright
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective:

Premorbid tests estimate cognitive ability prior to neurological condition onset or brain injury. Tests requiring oral pronunciation of visually presented irregular words, such as the National Adult Reading Test (NART), are commonly used due to robust evidence that word familiarity is well-preserved across a range of neurological conditions and correlates highly with intelligence. Our aim is to examine the prediction limits of NART variants to assess their ability to accurately estimate premorbid IQ.

Method:

We examine the prediction limits of 13 NART variants, calculate which IQ classification system categories are reachable in principle, and consider the proportion of the adult population in the target country falling outside the predictable range.

Results:

Many NART variants cannot reach higher or lower IQ categories due to floor/ceiling effects and inherent limitations of linear regression (used to convert scores to predicted IQ), restricting clinical accuracy in evaluating premorbid ability (and thus the magnitude of impairment). For some variants this represents a sizeable proportion of the target population.

Conclusions:

Since both higher and lower IQ categories are unreachable in principle, we suggest that future NART variants consider polynomial or broken-stick fitting (or similar methods) and suggest that prediction limits should be routinely reported.

全国成人阅读测验及其缩写本和国际变体的预测限度
目的:病前测试是对神经系统疾病发作或脑损伤之前的认知能力进行评估。由于有确凿证据表明单词熟悉程度在各种神经系统疾病中都能得到很好的保留,并且与智力高度相关,因此需要对视觉呈现的不规则单词进行口语发音的测试(如全国成人阅读测试(NART))被普遍使用。我们的目的是研究 NART 变体的预测极限,以评估它们准确估计病前智商的能力。方法:我们研究了 13 种 NART 变体的预测极限,计算出原则上可以达到的智商分类系统类别,并考虑目标国家成人人口中超出可预测范围的比例。结果:由于下限/上限效应和线性回归(用于将分数转换为预测智商)的固有局限性,许多 NART 变体无法达到较高或较低的智商类别,从而限制了评估病前能力(从而限制了损伤程度)的临床准确性。结论:由于较高和较低智商类别原则上都无法达到,我们建议未来的 NART 变体考虑采用多项式拟合或断棒拟合(或类似方法),并建议定期报告预测极限。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.40
自引率
3.80%
发文量
185
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society is the official journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, an organization of over 4,500 international members from a variety of disciplines. The Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society welcomes original, creative, high quality research papers covering all areas of neuropsychology. The focus of articles may be primarily experimental, applied, or clinical. Contributions will broadly reflect the interest of all areas of neuropsychology, including but not limited to: development of cognitive processes, brain-behavior relationships, adult and pediatric neuropsychology, neurobehavioral syndromes (such as aphasia or apraxia), and the interfaces of neuropsychology with related areas such as behavioral neurology, neuropsychiatry, genetics, and cognitive neuroscience. Papers that utilize behavioral, neuroimaging, and electrophysiological measures are appropriate. To assure maximum flexibility and to promote diverse mechanisms of scholarly communication, the following formats are available in addition to a Regular Research Article: Brief Communication is a shorter research article; Rapid Communication is intended for "fast breaking" new work that does not yet justify a full length article and is placed on a fast review track; Case Report is a theoretically important and unique case study; Critical Review and Short Review are thoughtful considerations of topics of importance to neuropsychology and include meta-analyses; Dialogue provides a forum for publishing two distinct positions on controversial issues in a point-counterpoint format; Special Issue and Special Section consist of several articles linked thematically; Letter to the Editor responds to recent articles published in the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society; and Book Review, which is considered but is no longer solicited.
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