Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society最新文献

{"title":"Cross-domain latent profiles of MCI and dementia are most differentiated by social and emotional functioning.","authors":"Matthew L Cohen, Aaron J Boulton, Callie E Tyner, Jerry Slotkin, Sandra Weintraub, Richard C Gershon, Hiroko H Dodge, David S Tulsky","doi":"10.1017/S1355617725101276","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617725101276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Because of the complexity of Alzheimer's Disease (AD) clinical presentations across bio-psycho-social domains of functioning, data-reduction approaches, such as latent profile analysis (LPA), can be useful for studying profiles rather than individual symptoms. Previous LPA research has resulted in more precise characterization and understanding of patients, better clarity regarding the probability and rate of disease progression, and an empirical approach to identifying those who might benefit most from early intervention. Whereas previous LPA research has revealed useful cognitive, neuropsychiatric, or functional subtypes of patients with AD, no study has identified patient profiles that span the domains of health and functioning and that also include motor and sensory functioning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>LPA was conducted with data from the Advancing Reliable Measurement in Alzheimer's Disease and cognitive Aging study. Participants were 209 older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) or mild dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT). LPA indicator variables were from the NIH Toolbox® and included cognitive, emotional, social, motor, and sensory domains of functioning.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data were best modeled with a 4-profile solution. The latent profiles were most differentiated by indices of social and emotional functioning and least differentiated by motor and sensory function.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These multi-domain patient profiles support and extend previous findings on single-domain profiles and highlight the importance of social and emotional factors for understanding patient experiences of aMCI/DAT. Future research should investigate these profiles further to better understand risk and resilience factors, the stability of these profiles over time, and responses to intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12404670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Developmental Gerstmann's Syndrome in an adult: a case report.","authors":"Jessica L Mow, Rosemary Toomey","doi":"10.1017/S1355617725101185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617725101185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Developmental Gerstmann's Syndrome (DGS) is a proposed neurological disorder characterized by finger agnosia, acalculia, right-left disorientation, agraphia, and in some cases, constructional dyspraxia. Case studies of DGS are limited, particularly those reporting on assessments in adults. The present case study demonstrates the presence of DGS symptoms in a young female adult with an autoimmune disorder but no clear history of neurological damage.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This client sought academic accommodations for her undergraduate math classes. She was administered a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment, during which she demonstrated difficulties with mathematical concepts, right-left disorientation, inverted writing, mild finger agnosia, andimpairments in fine motor abilities and visual motor coordination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The client's symptoms were consistent with DGS, though variability in her performance on assessments suggests compensatory strategies she may have developed throughout her life.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our client demonstrated similarities with previously reported accounts of DGS as assessed in adults. This case proposes further evidence for DGS as a syndrome and presents challenges to assessing DGS in high-functioning adults. The case highlights a need for a standardized testing battery to assess DGS.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing everyday action in young adult athletes using the Virtual Kitchen Challenge: Relations with conventional cognitive tests.","authors":"Rachel E Mis, Taisei Ando, Takehiko Yamaguchi, Caroline Brough, Leah Michalski, Linda J Hoffman, Ingrid R Olson, Tania Giovannetti","doi":"10.1017/S135561772510101X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S135561772510101X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The ability to efficiently complete everyday tasks was evaluated with a novel, performance-based test called the Virtual Kitchen Challenge (VKC) in college athletes. Analyses focused on the effect of practice and associations between the VKC and conventional measures of cognition.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>81 college athletes with and without self-reported concussion completed conventional cognitive tests and the VKC, a nonimmersive virtual-reality task that requires manipulating virtual objects on a touch screen to prepare a breakfast and lunch under two conditions: 1) Training condition with feedback and 2) Test condition without feedback. VKC performance was scored for completion time, percent of time working on-screen, number of interactions with target and distractor objects. Paired t-tests compared VKC Training and Test conditions, correlations examined relations between VKC performance and cognitive tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>VKC performance was significantly better after practice, as noted by faster completion time, fewer screen interactions, and a higher proportion of time spent on-screen during Test vs. Training conditions. Interactions with distractors were too infrequent for analyses. Correlations showed VKC Training was associated with episodic memory abilities whereas VKC Test scores were associated with executive function. VKC scores did not differ between participants with versus without concussion.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The VKC is a promising portable performance-based measure of subtle functional difficulties for young, high-functioning participants. The VKC automated scoring makes it highly efficient for large studies and clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cannabis use and cognition in older adults: Preliminary performance-based neuropsychological test results and directions for future research.","authors":"Kyler Mulhauser, Daniel Sullivan, Jessica L Bair, Anthony N Correro, Subhamoy Pal, Jonathan Reader, Benjamin M Hampstead, Bruno Giordani","doi":"10.1017/S1355617725101203","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617725101203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We evaluated performance-based differences in neuropsychological functioning in older adults (age 65+) across the dementia continuum (cognitively intact, mild cognitive impairment, and dementia) according to recent cannabis use (past six months).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A sample of 540 older adults from a well-characterized observational cohort was included for analysis. Participants completed a standardized questionnaire assessing cannabis use in the six months prior to the study visit and completed a comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. We used traditional cross-sectional analyses (multivariate, univariate) alongside causal inference techniques (propensity score matching [PSM]) to evaluate group differences according to recent cannabis use status. We also examined whether cannabis-related problem severity, a risk factor for cannabis use disorder (CUD), was associated with cognitive outcomes among those reporting recent cannabis use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately 11% of participants reported using cannabis in the prior six months, with the median user consuming cannabis two to four times per month. Participants with recent cannabis use performed similarly across all five domains of neuropsychological functioning compared to those with no cannabis use. Among older adults reporting recent cannabis use, those with elevated risk for CUD demonstrated lower memory performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These preliminary results are broadly consistent with other findings indicating that low-frequency cannabis use among older adults, including those along the dementia continuum, is generally well tolerated from a cognitive perspective. However, among older adults who used cannabis, elevated symptoms of CUD may negatively impact memory performance. Future research should explore how variations in cannabis use patterns, individual characteristics, and clinical phenotypes influence cognitive outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12464934/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Both sides of the bell curve: Base rates of high and low scores in cognitively unimpaired and impaired older adults and their relationship to biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Kevin Duff, Chase Presley, Jace B King, John M Hoffman, Rune Raudeberg","doi":"10.1017/S1355617725101227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S1355617725101227","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To further investigate the \"other side of the bell curve\" hypothesis, the current study examined the number of low and high scores on a neuropsychological battery: 1) in cognitively unimpaired or impaired older adults, 2) as they relate to biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 3) as they relate to traditional scores on this battery.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In 68 cognitively unimpaired and 97 cognitively impaired participant, the number of low (i.e., ≤ 16^th percentile) and high (i.e., ≥ 75^th percentile) scores on the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) were calculated, compared between the two groups, and related to biomarkers of AD (i.e., amyloid deposition, hippocampal volumes, ε4 alleles of Apolipoprotein E (APOE)) and RBANS Total score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this cognitively diverse sample, low and high scores were common, with approximately 75% having at least one low score and 86% having at least one high score. Unimpaired participants had significantly more high scores and fewer low scores than their impaired counterparts. The number of low scores was significantly related to more amyloid deposition, smaller hippocampal volume, and having one or more copies of the ε4 allele of APOE. The number of high scores was similarly related with these biomarkers. Low/high scores were comparable to traditional scores on the RBANS in identifying cognitively impaired participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Support for the \"other side of the bell curve\" hypothesis was equivocal in these analyses, with both sides of the bell curve appearing to provide relevant information in a cognitively diverse sample.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Stages of Objective Memory Impairment and neuroimaging as risk factors of incident cognitive impairment.","authors":"Kellen K Petersen, Ali Ezzati, Bhargav T Nallapu, Richard B Lipton, Reisa A Sperling, Kathryn V Papp, Dorene M Rentz, Keith A Johnson, Ellen Grober","doi":"10.1017/S1355617725101240","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617725101240","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The Stages of Objective Memory Impairment (SOMI) system, based on the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT), is a potential marker of subtle cognitive impairment in cognitively normal persons defined by a Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) = 0. We investigated SOMI's ability to predict incident cognitive impairment (CDR >0) in combination with demographic features and neuroimaging biomarkers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cognitively unimpaired participants (CDR = 0) from the Harvard Aging Brain Study had baseline FCSRT scores, MRI, FDG-PET, and PiB-PET as well as follow-up CDRs for 5 years. Cox proportional hazards models with correction for multiple testing assessed the predictive validity of SOMI and neuroimaging biomarkers for progression (CDR >0). Comprehensive sensitivity analyses examined alternative outcomes and stricter screening criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants (<i>N</i> = 231) were 73.7 years (SD = 6.0), 60.2% were female, 29.0% were APOE4 positive, and 54 (23.4%) progressed to CDR >0. At baseline, 67% were SOMI-0, 22% were SOMI-1, 4% were SOMI-2, and 7% were SOMI-3/4. After multiple testing correction, hazard ratios (HRs) using SOMI-0 as reference were: SOMI-1 = 2.06 (CI: 1.09 - 3.88), SOMI-2 = 2.85 (CI: 1.08 - 7.54), and SOMI-3/4 = 3.73 (CI: 1.58 - 8.79, <i>p</i> = 0.016). SOMI-3/4 remained significant across most biomarker models. Entorhinal thickness emerged as the most robust biomarker predictor (HR = 0.57 - 0.65, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.015). Sensitivity analyses confirmed robustness across alternative outcomes and stricter screening criteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SOMI stages predict progression to incident cognitive impairment with SOMI-3/4 maintaining significance after rigorous multiple testing correction. Entorhinal thickness provides the strongest biomarker enhancement to prediction models. SOMI demonstrates substantial incremental predictive value beyond standard demographic and biomarker predictors.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12418808/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144976909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating change in educators' brain injury knowledge and self-efficacy following completion of <i>TeachABI</i>.","authors":"Sara A Marshall, Kylie D Mallory, Danielle DuPlessis, Christine C Muscat, Andrea Hickling, Shannon E Scratch","doi":"10.1017/S1355617725101161","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617725101161","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Acquired Brain Injury (ABI) is a leading cause of childhood disability, yet educators report a gap in knowledge about supporting students with ABI when they return to school. We tested our <i>TeachABI</i> professional development module to examine how it impacted educators' ABI knowledge and self-efficacy for supporting students with ABI.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Fifty educators filled out questionnaires about their knowledge and self-efficacy at three time points: pre-module, post-module, and 60 days post-module. Score differences were examined across time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants' ABI knowledge, subjective knowledge of the module learning objectives, and self-efficacy increased from pre- to post-module, and these gains were maintained at 60 days.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This suggests that <i>TeachABI</i> is a tool for better equipping educators to support students with ABI.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144884196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alzheimer's Polygenic Risk and Clinical Severity Manifest in Greater Cognitive Intra-Individual Variability.","authors":"Chin Hong Tan","doi":"10.1017/S1355617725101252","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617725101252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Cognitive intra-individual variability (IIV) is a neuropsychological marker reflecting divergent performance across cognitive domains. In this brief communication, we examined whether clinical severity, apolipoprotein E (<i>APOE</i>) ε4 carriers, and higher polygenic risk were associated with higher cognitive IIV, and whether higher polygenic risk and cognitive IIV synergistically influence clinical severity.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This large study involved up to 24,248 participants (mean age = 72) from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) and multiple regression controlling for age, sex, and education was used to analyze the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that disease severity (B = 0.055, SE = 0.001, <i>P</i> < 0.001), <i>APOE</i> ε4 carriers (B = 0.02, SE = 0.003, <i>P</i> < 0.001), and higher polygenic risk (B = 0.02, SE = 0.004, <i>P</i> < 0.001) were associated with higher cognitive IIV. Polygenic risk and cognitive IIV also interacted to influence clinical severity, beyond <i>APOE</i> ε4 (B = 0.11, SE = 0.05, <i>P</i> = 0.02), such that individuals with high polygenic risk and cognitive IIV had the greatest clinical severity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Heightened polygenic risk and increased cross-domain cognitive variation are implicated in dementia and may impact clinical decline in tandem.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144876440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Screening for a \"trifecta\" of executive function patterns in a large cohort of individuals with Parkinson's disease.","authors":"Rachel N Schade, Katie Rodriguez, Lauren E Kenney, Adrianna M Ratajska, Kelly D Foote, Justin D Hilliard, Michael S Okun, Dawn Bowers","doi":"10.1017/S1355617725101239","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617725101239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined three neurocognitive patterns or \"clinical pearls\" historically viewed as evidence for executive dysfunction in Parkinson disease (PD): 1) letter < category fluency; 2) word list < story delayed recall; 3) word list delayed recall < recognition. The association between intraindividual magnitudes of each neuropsychological pattern and individual performance on traditional executive function tests was examined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A clinical sample of 772 individuals with PD underwent neuropsychological testing including tests of verbal fluency, word list/story recall, recognition memory, and executive function. Raw scores were demographically normed (Heaton) and converted to z-scores for group-level analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Letter fluency performance was worse than category fluency (<i>d</i> = -0.12), with 28% of participants showing a discrepancy of ≥ -1.0 SD. Delayed recall of a list was markedly poorer than story recall (d = -0.86), with 52% of the sample exhibiting ≥ -1.0 SD deficits. Lastly, delayed free recall was worse than recognition memory (d = -0.25), with 24% showing a discrepancy of ≥ -1.0 SD. These patterns did not consistently correlate with executive function scores. The word list < story recall pattern was more common in earlier than later PD stages and durations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among the three pearls, the most pronounced was stronger memory performance on story recall than word lists, observed in more than half the sample. Only ¼ the participants exhibited all three neurocognitive patterns simultaneously. The variability in patterns across individuals highlights the heterogeneity of cognitive impairment in PD and suggests that intra-individual comparisons may offer a more nuanced insight into cognitive functioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144876443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive trajectories in older adults with essential tremor.","authors":"Samantha A Dargie, Silvia Chapman, Sandra Rizer, Ali Ghanem, Diane S Berry, Edward D Huey, Elan D Louis, Stephanie Cosentino","doi":"10.1017/S1355617725101069","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S1355617725101069","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Despite recent attention to the increased risk of cognitive impairment in older adults with essential tremor (ET), there are only limited data on the trajectories of cognitive change in ET or the demographic and motor predictors of such change.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This study included 148 cognitively normal individuals with ET (mean age = 76.7 ± 9.7 years) at baseline and had at least one follow-up evaluation (mean years of observation = 5.2 ± 1.6). Generalized Estimating Equations examined rates of change in six composite cognitive outcomes as a function of time, as well as demographic (age, sex, and education) and motor predictors (tremor severity, age of tremor onset, presence of rest tremor, cranial tremor, intention tremor, tandem gait) of rates of change. Demographics, medication use, and mood symptoms at baseline were covariates for all models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants evidenced a decline in global cognition, executive function, and attention (<i>p</i> _<i>range</i> = <0.001-0.044) over time. Older age predicted faster decline in all cognitive outcomes except attention (<i>p</i> _<i>range</i> <i>=</i><0.001-0.025). Tremor severity predicted faster decline in executive function (<i>p</i> = 0.011). Rest tremor predicted faster decline in executive function and attention (<i>p</i> = 0.033, 0.017). Tandem gait missteps predicted faster decline in memory and visuospatial ability (<i>p</i> = 0.026, 0.028).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Results point to a dissociation in the predictive value of different motor features for specific aspects of cognitive decline. These results shed light on the earliest manifestations of cognitive impairment in older adults with ET and implicate different pathways by which heterogeneous cognitive changes emerge.</p>","PeriodicalId":49995,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12363655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144876441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}