Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo最新文献

{"title":"Interaction between the Judiciary and Political Processes: Analyzing the Impact of Political Factors on the Professional Training of Specialists","authors":"Viktor G. Bondarev, Ekaterina P. Tsyplakova","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.8.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.8.2","url":null,"abstract":"The interaction between the judiciary and political processes has many dimensions, such as the appointment of judges, political attitudes, the training of judicial professionals, support for their professional development, the influence of political forces and groups on judicial processes and the enforcement of judicial decisions. Examining these linkages allows for a better understanding of the complexity and dynamics of the relationship between the judiciary and the political sphere, as well as identifying possible challenges and problems faced by professionals in the judiciary. The article analyzes the mechanisms by which political processes affect the professional training and development of judicial professionals, such as political appointments, legislative changes, public policy, funding, and other factors. Examples of the impact of political factors on the judiciary are given, highlighting negative and positive aspects. The authors emphasize the importance of maintaining the independence, objectivity and competence of judicial training and the need to continuously monitor and respond to changes in the political environment.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135620369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in Support for Political Parties in Andalusia’s Regional and Municipal Elections (2018–2023)","authors":"Andrey V. Baranov","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.8.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.8.1","url":null,"abstract":"The study of the dynamics of support for political parties in Andalusia’s regional and municipal elections is rel-evant for understanding the trends in the development of the Spanish political system, the decentralization of the state and the factors of electoral behavior. Attention is focused on the agenda of pre-election rivalry, politi-cal positioning of the main subjects of politics in the autonomous community, and changes in their electoral support. National factors playing a significant role in increasing the influence of right-wing parties and splitting left-wing forces are noted, resulting in the return of the Andalusian regional electorate to support the three main parties instead of the five. The practical significance of the topic is to determine the similarities and differences of regional electoral processes in the countries of Southern Europe. Despite the qualitative difference between the party systems in Spain and the Russian Federation, it is feasible to apply in our country the experience of inter-party coalitions in regional and municipal elections and to reduce the barrier at this territorial level.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135620118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"American Propaganda of Freedom and Uniqueness of Personality through the Images of DC Comics Antiheroes","authors":"Alexandra S. Temerbaeva","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.8.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.8.11","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this article is to determine the role of American comics as one of the most effective tools of political propaganda of such American values as freedom, perceived as permissiveness, and the uniqueness of the individual, manifested in the rejection of traditional norms. So that the propaganda works effectively all over the world, the US actively uses mass culture. In the modern world, one of its most popular elements are DC comics – graphic stories. They are very popular among young people. At first glance, these pictures, which are only entertaining in nature, are a powerful relay of American values, through which the necessary ideas are easily fixed in the minds of young readers. As iconic characters of such works, the article considers the Joker and Har-ley Quinn. In conclusion, it argues for the idea that such mass culture media become an instrument of political propaganda and serve to implement the concept of “soft power” on the part of the United States towards other countries, pursuing the goal of spreading America’s influence in the world.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135620119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peculiarities of Cost Management in IT Companies","authors":"Olga A. Naumova, Svetlana A. Palevskaya","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.8.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.8.18","url":null,"abstract":"The article defines the peculiarities of calculating the cost of IT products, as well the types of companies pro-ducing them. It is emphasized that an objective assessment of the planned cost of software will help to more accurately predict the future financial result, which will determine the further adoption of management deci-sions. Software development costs necessarily affect its pricing, which largely determines the competitiveness of the future product. The work reflects the results of the authors’ study of the process of formation of labor costs for software production in modern Russian development companies. It is noted that the planning of over-head costs in such organizations is carried out in proportion to labor costs. To improve the effectiveness of their management, the authors developed a deviation matrix used to monitor the level of costs and identify the need for adjusting the planned indicators.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135620368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Modern Problems and Development Prospects of Public Inspections and Public Control Groups in the Russian Federation: Constitutional and Legal Analysis","authors":"Vitaly V. Goncharov","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.8.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.8.21","url":null,"abstract":"The present article is focused on the constitutional and legal analysis of modern problems and prospects for the development of public inspections and public control groups in Russia. The author examines the place and role of the above-mentioned entities in the mechanism for organizing and implementing this institution of civil society. The analysis of the main approaches in the legislation regarding the regulation of the legal status, powers, organization and activities of public inspections and public control groups is carried out. Among the problems of the development of these subjects of public control, the following have been formalized and inves-tigated: the lack of consolidation of this institution of civil society in the Constitution of the Russian Federation; weak unification of regional legislation and municipal regulations governing their organization and activities; their lack of real powers; lack of elaboration in legislation and scientific literature of specific forms and types of public control measures for of them; insufficient funding for their activities; weak use of modern digital technol-ogies, foreign practice, as well as the experience of the functioning of people’s control groups in the USSR; lack of elaboration of a system of measures of responsibility for countering their legitimate activities. The system of measures to resolve these problems and the main directions of development of these subjects of public control are substantiated.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135620111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining Priorities for “Smart Specialization” of the Belgorod Region Based on the Conjugation of Industrial and Scientific–Technological Competencies","authors":"Julia V. Lyshchikova","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.8.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.8.17","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the approaches of foreign and Russian authors to determining the priorities of the “smart specialization” of regions. It is established that the current approaches are mainly of a complex nature and in-clude the adaptation of methodological approaches of foreign organizations, for example, the European Clus-ter Observatory, the definition of alternative development scenarios and differentiated structural models of spe-cialization; using localization indicators to identify the core specialization of regions, as well as indicators of relative technological advantage and technological connectivity to identify additional opportunities for diversifi-cation based on interregional ties with an emphasis on the development of end-to-end digital technologies; formation of spatial contexts of “smart specialization” taking into account the degree of industrial and organiza-tional density and diversity, institutional structures, system features, political opportunities, past experience of innovative strategies, the level of political centralization; identification of a “bundle of competencies” (a flexible set of economic activities or interrelated industries depending on the key competencies of the region) based on the study of the industry, patent, innovation and publication components of regional specialization. As a result, the author’s methodological approach to determining the priorities of “smart specialization” based on the con-jugation of sectoral specialization of global, national and macro-regional level and scientific and technological competencies of the region in the context of geographical, structural-technological and cognitive proximity is proposed. Approbation of the research tools resulted in the construction of a scenario model for determining the priorities of “smart specialization” of the Belgorod region within the application of entrepreneurial search procedures involving all stakeholders (regional authorities, business community, scientific community and res-idents of the region). The implementation of the proposed approach will allow all regions, including those not widely included in the global or national division of labor, to find a promising niche for development at the mac-ro-regional level, and also takes into account the possibilities of intersectoral convergence and the use of ac-cumulated competencies of regions in the field of end-to-end digital technologies.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135620373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scenarios of a Possible Solution to the Korean Issue: The 38th Parallel and the Global Paradigm of Changing the “Centers of Power”","authors":"Alexey S. Kharlanov, Ivan A. Molchanov","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.6.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.6.15","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the current situation around the Korean Peninsula. The current positions of the countries taking part in the resolution of the Korean question are assessed. Probable scenarios for stabilizing the situa-tion in the region are being considered, including the possibility of reuniting the peoples of the North and South. Issues of interaction between the Russian Federation and the two Korean republics in trade, economic, scien-tific and technical spheres are highlighted. It is emphasized that the continuing attempts of the United States and China towards taking the place of the irremovable leader in the Asia-Pacific region lead to an increase in threats on the Korean Peninsula, reformatting the tasks of further military construction in Asia, especially in the defense doctrines of Japan and South Korea. The issue of preserving the region’s nuclear-free status and its states’ policy of nonparticipation in nuclear tests remains relevant.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"275 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135090065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wikipedia as Space for a Memorial Confrontation between Catalan and Spanish Historical Memory","authors":"Maksym V. Kirchanov","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.6.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.6.1","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to analyze the perception of Catalan nationalism in the Catalan and Spanish ver-sions of Wikipedia as modern space for the development and actualization of collective historical memory and national identities. The author analyzes how agents of historical politics in Catalonia and Castile, using the vir-tual space of Wikipedia, construct various images of the history of Catalan nationalism and its political deriva-tives. The novelty of the research consists in the analysis of the virtual space of Wikipedia as a sphere of actual-ization of different versions of collective historical memory for Catalonia and Spain. The author analyzes: the perception of Catalan nationalism experience in the Catalan and Spanish sections of Wikipedia; various points of view on the history of Catalan nationalism presented in the virtual space; the perception of the history of Cat-alan nationalism as space of memory wars and memorial confrontations. The study also shows that the virtual-ization of collective memory has become a factor stimulating various and mutually exclusive ways of perceiv-ing the historical past, as presented in articles in the Catalan and Spanish sections of Wikipedia focused on the history of Catalan nationalism. It is assumed that the virtual space of the Catalan and Spanish versions of Wik-ipedia are just as susceptible to politicization as the academic environment of the regional historiographies of Spain. The results of the study suggest that the trends of memory virtualization will contribute to the Catalan-Spanish memorial confrontation.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135090072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospects for the Development of Counter-Terrorism Institutions and Technologies in Angola","authors":"Rodrigesh P.D.D. Santush","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.6.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.6.6","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the growth of the terrorist threat in modern Angola and the prospects for its reduction. It is argued that the emerging situation is due to a combination of economic, political and social factors. Ensuring the stable development of society requires Angola to improve the quality of social institutions in terms of coun-ter-terrorism technology development. In particular, it is necessary to take into account possible terrorist innova-tions, which, in the absence of an institutional response, can make the country’s population more vulnerable to terrorist propaganda. Long-term counteraction to terrorism in Angola should be linked to the state program of economic development of lagging regions and economic diversification. The state development of the IT in-dustry looks particularly promising, which will not only strengthen the country’s economy, but also allow the state to develop effective counter-terrorism technologies in the digital space. A decisive contribution to reducing the level of the terrorist threat should be made by institutional changes that involve the legitimisation of Cabin-da's political elites, as well as the formation of a strong national identity, which is impossible without building a more inclusive education system.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135090180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leadership Community in the System of Regional Public Policy (Based on the Study of the Participants’ Community of the “Leaders of Kuban” Personnel Project)","authors":"Irina V. Samarkina, Inna V. Miroshnichenko, Laura A. Shpiro","doi":"10.24158/pep.2023.6.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24158/pep.2023.6.2","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of a study of the regional leadership community (participants of five seasons of the Governor’s Personnel Project “Leaders of Kuban – Moving Up!”), conducted in 2022 by online question-naire to assess the career development, professional potential and effectiveness of institutional mechanisms for recruiting youth leaders into the system of public administration of Krasnodar Krai. The authors come to the following conclusions: the community of leaders in the region includes representatives of different age groups of society, combining the potential of energy and experience; leadership potential is concentrated mainly in local centers; the leadership community is mainly focused on realizing its potential in the region. The region’s leadership potential is concentrated in the system of public policy, but this potential is unevenly distributed: the maximum concentration of leadership potential is in the social sphere, the economy and business. Representa-tives of the leadership community are focused on the further search for social lifts and career advancement, they are open to using various innovative recruitment formats for the socio-political and administrative-political elite of the region.","PeriodicalId":499954,"journal":{"name":"Obŝestvo: politika, èkonomika, pravo","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135090061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}