Journal of Thoracic Imaging最新文献

{"title":"The Relationship Between Cardiac CT-based Left Atrial Structure and Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Postablation Atrial Fibrillation Recurrence Within 2 Years.","authors":"Yuan Yuan, Yinsu Zhu, Dandan Wu, Jun Wang, Shushen Lin, Yaxin Zhu, Yi Xu, Feiyun Wu","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000789","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to explore the association of cardiac CT-based left atrium (LA) structural and functional parameters and left atrial epicardial adipose tissue (LA-EAT) parameters with postablation atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence within 2 years.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Contrast-enhanced cardiac CT images of 286 consecutive AF patients (median age: 65 y; 97 females) who underwent initial ablation between June 2018 and June 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Structural and functional parameters of LA, including maximum and minimum volume and ejection fraction of LA and left atrial appendage (LAA), and LA-EAT volume, were measured. The body surface area indexed maximum and minimum volume of LA (LAVI max , LAVI min ) and LAA (LAAVI max , LAAVI min ), and LA-EAT volume index (LA-EATVI) were calculated. Independent predictors of AF recurrence were determined using Cox regression analysis. The clinical predictors were added to the imaging predictors to build a combined model (clinical+imaging). The predictive performance of the clinical, imaging, and combined models was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 108 (37.8%) patients recurred AF within 2 years after ablation at a median follow-up of 24 months (IQR=11, 32). LA and LAA size and LA-EAT volume were significantly increased in patients with AF recurrence ( P <0.05). After the multivariable regression analysis, LA-EATVI, LAAVI max , female sex, AF duration, and stroke history were independent predictors for AF recurrence. The combined model exhibited superior predictive performance compare to the clinical model (AUC=0.712 vs. 0.641, P =0.023) and the imaging model (AUC=0.712 vs. 0.663, P =0.018).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cardiac CT-based LA-EATVI and LAAVI max are independent predictors for postablation AF recurrence within 2 years and may provide a complementary value for AF recurrence risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"351-358"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141155656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Resolution Fidelity Comparison Between Energy Integrating and Deep Silicon Photon Counting CT: Implications for Pulmonary Imaging.","authors":"Aria M Salyapongse, Jeffrey P Kanne, Prashant Nagpal, Nicholas C Laucis, B Keegan Markhardt, Zhye Yin, Scott Slavic, Meghan G Lubner, Timothy P Szczykutowicz","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000788","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We investigated spatial resolution loss away from isocenter for a prototype deep silicon photon-counting detector (PCD) CT scanner and compare with a clinical energy-integrating detector (EID) CT scanner.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We performed three scans on a wire phantom at four positions (isocenter, 6.7, 11.8, and 17.1 cm off isocenter). The acquisition modes were 120 kV EID CT, 120 kV high-definition (HD) EID CT, and 120 kV PCD CT. HD mode used double the projection view angles per rotation as the \"regular\" EID scan mode. The diameter of the wire was calculated by taking the full width of half max (FWHM) of a profile drawn over the radial and azimuthal directions of the wire. Change in wire diameter appearance was assessed by calculating the ratio of the radial and azimuthal diameter relative to isocenter. t tests were used to make pairwise comparisons of the wire diameter ratio with each acquisition and mean ratios' difference from unity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Deep silicon PCD CT had statistically smaller ( P <0.05) changes in diameter ratio for both radial and azimuthal directions compared with both regular and HD EID modes and was not statistically different from unity ( P <0.05). Maximum increases in FWMH relative to isocenter were 36%, 12%, and 1% for regular EID, HD EID, and deep silicon PCD, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deep silicon PCD CT exhibits less change in spatial resolution in both the radial and azimuthal directions compared with EID CT.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"344-350"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11495528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140864036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invasive Pulmonary Infection of Malassezia Species in a Patient With Ulcerative Colitis: A Case Report.","authors":"Aya Yamada, Yuko Nishimoto, Ryosuke Taiji, Arisa Kameda, Kosuke Fujimoto, Fumikazu Koyama, Yuji Nishihara, Kei Kasahara, Maiko Takeda, Fumi Okada, Akira Watanabe, Nagaaki Marugami, Toshihiro Tanaka","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RTI.0000000000000815","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Malassezia species are lipophilic yeasts recognized for causing skin manifestations, such as pityriasis versicolor. In addition, Malassezia can lead to invasive infection, mostly intravascular catheter-associated sepsis-related lipid-containing total parenteral nutrition in neonates and immunocompromised hosts. We experienced a case of invasive pulmonary Malassezia infection in a patient with refractory ulcerative colitis undergoing immunosuppressive treatment without lipid-containing total parenteral nutrition. Computed tomography (CT) images showed multiple lung nodules with CT halo signs. Finally, he underwent a partial right middle lobectomy and was diagnosed with invasive pulmonary malasseziosis through a genetic analysis. Multiple lung nodules on CT images may be found in invasive pulmonary malasseziosis in immunosuppressed patients with a central venous catheter.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":"39 6","pages":"W100-W103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronary Atherosclerosis Progression Provides Incremental Prognostic Value and Optimizes Risk Reclassification by Computed Tomography Angiography.","authors":"Qingchao Meng, Yunqiang An, Li Zhao, Na Zhao, Hankun Yan, Jingxi Wang, Yutao Zhou, Bin Lu, Yang Gao","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000793","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study investigated the prognostic value and risk reclassification ability of coronary atherosclerosis progression through serial coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This study enrolled patients with suspected or confirmed coronary artery disease who underwent serial CCTA. Coronary atherosclerosis progression was represented by coronary artery calcium score (CACS) and segment stenosis score (SSS) progression. The baseline and follow-up CCTA characteristics and coronary atherosclerosis progression were compared. Furthermore, the incremental prognostic value and reclassification ability of three models (model 1, baseline risk factors; model 2, model 1 + SSS; and model 3, model 2 + SSS progression) for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 516 patients (aged 56.40 ± 9.56 y, 67.4% men) were enrolled. During a mean follow-up of 65.29 months, 114 MACE occurred. The MACE group exhibited higher CACS and SSS than the non-MACE group at baseline and follow-up CCTA ( P < 0.001), and demonstrated higher coronary atherosclerosis progression than the non-MACE group (ΔSSS: 2.63 ± 2.50 vs 1.06 ± 1.78, P < 0.001; ΔCACS: 115.15 ± 186.66 vs 89.91 ± 173.08, P = 0.019). SSS progression provided additional prognostic information (C-index = 0.757 vs 0.715, P < 0.001; integrated discrimination index = 0.066, P < 0.001) and improved the reclassification ability of risk (categorical-net reclassification index = 0.149, P = 0.015) compared with model 2.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Coronary atherosclerosis progression through CCTA significantly increased the prognostic value and risk stratification for MACE compared with baseline risk factor evaluation and CCTA only.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"385-391"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Assessing Immediate Efficacy After Microwave Ablation of Lung Malignancies.","authors":"Fandong Zhu, Chen Yang, Jianyun Wang, Tong Zhou, Qianling Li, Subo Wang, Zhenhua Zhao","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000797","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000797","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the imaging performance and parametric analysis of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) immediately after microwave ablation (MWA) of lung malignancies.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the MRI performance immediately after MWA of 34 cases of lung malignancies. The ablation zone parameters of lung malignancies were measured, including the long diameter (L), short diameter (S), and safety margin of the ablation zone on plain computed tomography (CT), T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI) after MWA. The study calculated the tumor volume (V 0 ), the ablation zone volume (V 1 ), and the ratio of V 0 to V 1 (V%). Statistical differences between the parameters were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ablation area of the lesion exhibited central low signal and peripheral high signal on T2WI, central high signal and peripheral equal or high signal on T1WI, and circumferential enhancement in the periphery. The safety margin measured on T2WI was greater than that measured on plain CT and T1WI. On plain CT, the L, S, and V 1 were smaller in the effective treatment group than in the ineffective treatment group ( P <0.05). On T1WI, the V% and safety margin were greater in the effective treatment group than in the ineffective treatment group ( P =0.009 and P =0.016, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MRI may be a new, valuable method to assess immediate efficacy after MWA for lung malignancies using the ablation zone parameters V% on T1WI and safety margin on T2WI.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":"392-398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11495527/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141635553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Colloid Adenocarcinoma of the Lung With Coarse Calcification.","authors":"Hikaru Watanabe, Katsunori Oikado, Yoshinao Sato, Ryota Ichikawa, Hironori Ninomiya, Mingyon Mun, Masayuki Nakao, Yosuke Matsuura, Junji Ichinose, Takashi Terauchi","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RTI.0000000000000814","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":"39 6","pages":"W108-W110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Case of Nonsmoker Pulmonary Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis With Multiple Pulmonary Nodules Disappeared and Appeared.","authors":"Midori Ueno, Haruka Oku, Yo Todoroki, Yu Murakami, Yoshiko Hayashida, Kei Yamasaki, Kazuhiro Yatera, Eisuke Katafuchi, Shohei Shimajiri, Takatoshi Aoki","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RTI.0000000000000810","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a non-smoker woman in her 40s with PLCH who presented with atypical imaging findings of multiple pulmonary noncavitary nodules without air cysts with repeated waxing and waning.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":"39 6","pages":"W104-W107"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Photon-counting Detector Computed Tomography on a Quantitative Interstitial Lung Disease Machine Learning Model.","authors":"Chi Wan Koo, Sean J Huls, Francis Baffour, Cynthia H McCollough, Lifeng Yu, Brian J Bartholmai, Zhongxing Zhou","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RTI.0000000000000807","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Compare the impact of photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) to conventional CT on an interstitial lung disease (ILD) quantitative machine learning (QML) model.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A QML model analyzed 52 CT exams from patients who underwent same-day conventional and PCD-CT for suspected ILD. Lin's concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) assessed agreement between conventional and PCD-CT QML results. A CCC >0.90 was regarded as excellent, 0.9 to 0.8 as good, and <0.80 as a poor concordance. Spearman rank correlation evaluated the association between pulmonary function test results (PFT) and QML features (reticulation [R], honeycombing [HC], ground glass [GG], interstitial lung disease [ILD], and vessel-related structures [VRS]). Correlations were statistically significant if the 95% CI did not include 0.00 and P value <0.05.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Conventional and PCD-CT QML results had good to excellent concordance (CCC ≥0.8) except for total HC (CCC <0.8), likely related to better PCD-CT honeycombing delineation. Overall, compared with conventional CT, PCD-CT had consistently more statistically significant correlation with PFT for HC (9 PCD vs. 2 conventional of 28 total and regional associations), similar correlation for R (20 PCD vs. 18 conventional of 28 associations) and VRS (19 PCD vs. 23 conventional of 28 associations), and less correlation for GG extent (12 PCD vs. 20 conventional associations).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is strong agreement between conventional and PCD-CT QML ILD features except for HC. PCD-CT improved HC but decreased GG extent correlation with PFT. Therefore, even though most quantitative features were not impacted by the newer PCD-CT technology, model adjustment is necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142512036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug-induced Acute Lung Injury: A Comprehensive Radiologic Review.","authors":"Fatemeh Saber Hamishegi, Ria Singh, Dhiraj Baruah, Jordan Chamberlin, Mohamed Hamouda, Selcuk Akkaya, Ismail Kabakus","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000816","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RTI.0000000000000816","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug-induced acute lung injury is a significant yet often underrecognized clinical challenge, associated with a wide range of therapeutic agents, including chemotherapy drugs, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, and immunotherapies. This comprehensive review examines the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and radiologic findings of drug-induced acute lung injury across different drug categories. Common imaging findings are highlighted to aid radiologists and clinicians in early recognition and diagnosis. The review emphasizes the importance of immediate cessation of the offending drug and supportive care, which may include corticosteroids. Understanding these patterns is crucial for prompt diagnosis and management, potentially improving patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Gene Comutation of EGFR and TP53 by Radiomics and Deep Learning in Patients With Lung Adenocarcinomas.","authors":"Xiao-Yan Wang, Shao-Hong Wu, Jiao Ren, Yan Zeng, Li-Li Guo","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RTI.0000000000000817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study was designed to construct progressive binary classification models based on radiomics and deep learning to predict the presence of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and TP53 mutations and to assess the models' capacities to identify patients who are suitable for TKI-targeted therapy and those with poor prognoses.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 267 patients with lung adenocarcinomas who underwent genetic testing and noncontrast chest computed tomography from our hospital were retrospectively included. Clinical information and imaging characteristics were gathered, and high-throughput feature acquisition on all defined regions of interest (ROIs) was carried out. We selected features and constructed clinical models, radiomics models, deep learning models, and ensemble models to predict EGFR status with all patients and TP53 status with EGFR-positive patients, respectively. The validity and reliability of each model were expressed as the area under the curve (AUC), sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, precision, and F1 score.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We constructed 7 kinds of models for 2 different dichotomies, namely, the clinical model, the radiomics model, the DL model, the rad-clin model, the DL-clin model, the DL-rad model, and the DL-rad-clin model. For EGFR- and EGFR+, the DL-rad-clin model got the highest AUC value of 0.783 (95% CI: 0.677-0.889), followed by the rad-clin model, the DL-clin model, and the DL-rad model. In the group with an EGFR mutation, for TP53- and TP53+, the rad-clin model got the highest AUC value of 0.811 (95% CI: 0.651-0.972), followed by the DL-rad-clin model and the DL-rad model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our progressive binary classification models based on radiomics and deep learning may provide a good reference and complement for the clinical identification of TKI responders and those with poor prognoses.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142331322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}