Journal of Thoracic Imaging最新文献

{"title":"Development and Validation of a Prediction Model of Hemoptysis After Computed Tomography-guided Percutaneous Transthoracic Needle Biopsy.","authors":"Sowon Jang, Minseon Kim, Jeong Sub Lee, Sung Hyun Yoon, Junghoon Kim, Jihang Kim, Kyung Won Lee","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000863","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000863","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To develop and validate a nomogram to predict hemoptysis after percutaneous transthoracic needle biopsy (PTNB) by integrating clinical and radiologic data, facilitating pre-biopsy decision-making.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This single-center, retrospective cohort study included 1383 patients who underwent 1389 PTNB procedures between 2020 and 2022. The participants were randomly allocated to the training and validation cohorts. Logistic regression was performed to discern the independent predictors of hemoptysis within the clinical and radiologic variables. A nomogram was developed based on pre-biopsy variables obtained before the biopsy, and its performance was subsequently evaluated. The goodness of fit of the nomogram was compared with that of another model, which integrated pre-biopsy and post-biopsy variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 1389 procedures, hemoptysis was observed in 128 (9.2%) cases. Current smoking status, lesion size of <25 mm, consolidation-type lesions, presence of the computed tomography bronchus sign, and perilesional vascularity were independent predictors of PTNB-related hemoptysis. The nomogram based on the pre-biopsy variables showed fair discrimination abilities (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.79 and 0.76 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively) and strong calibration agreement in the training and validation cohorts. The model fit was good in both cohorts ( P = 0.41 and 0.55 in the training and validation cohorts, respectively). No significant difference was observed in the model fit between the pre-biopsy nomogram and the model incorporating pre-biopsy and post-biopsy variables ( P = 0.88).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The proposed nomogram utilizing pre-biopsy variables could predict hemoptysis before PTNB.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145356717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolving Landscape of Chest Wall Reconstruction: A Multimodality Imaging Approach.","authors":"Rupali Jain, Julia C Jacob, John D Jacob, Drew A Torigian, Achala Donuru","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000871","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chest wall reconstruction (CWR) is a complex and evolving field that clinically benefits from the use of multimodal radiologic imaging. This review summarizes the essential role of multimodal imaging, such as ultrasound (US), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and positron emission tomography (PET), in preoperative and postoperative CWR evaluation. Preoperative CWR planning involves characterization of defects, assessment of surrounding structures, and guidance for surgical approach and implant selection. Postoperative CWR evaluation focuses on monitoring graft/flap viability, assessing structural integrity, and identifying complications such as infection or hardware failure. This article guided radiologists in approaching CWR cases and creating effective reports to guide patient management.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146013121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Approach to Quantify Acute Pulmonary Embolism Using Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography.","authors":"Michal Buk, Jiri Weichet, Josef Kroupa, Viktor Kocka, Hana Malikova","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000868","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000868","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is the third leading cardiovascular cause of death. Current risk assessment approaches emphasize right ventricular (RV) dysfunction and thrombus burden quantification via computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA). Traditional scoring systems, such as the Modified Miller Score (MMS) or Refined Miller Score (RMS), estimate thrombus burden but tend to oversimplify partial vessel occlusion. This study proposes a novel Obstruction Index (OI) derived from direct thrombus and vessel area measurements from CTPA imaging to improve quantification accuracy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study analyzed imaging data from 20 patients with intermediate- to high-risk APE. Pre-randomization and posttreatment CTPA scans were assessed for RV/LV ratio, MMS, RMS, and OI. OI was derived from measured thrombus and vessel areas at defined pulmonary artery levels and from the calculated obstruction ratio. Correlations between RV/LV ratio reduction and reduction of MMS, RMS, and OI were evaluated using the Spearman correlation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean RV/LV ratio reduced significantly post treatment (1.498±0.396 to 1.156±0.275), as did MMS (-4.5±4.3), RMS (-4.925±4.2), and OI (-4.49±3.9). OI demonstrated a stronger correlation with RV/LV ratio reduction ( r =0.448, P =0.048) compared with MMS ( r =0.279, P =0.234) and RMS ( r =0.261, P =0.265).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The OI outperforms MMS and RMS in accuracy when reflecting thrombus burden reduction and shows statistically significant correlation with RV/LV ratio reduction. Direct thrombus and vessel area measurements appear to be superior for precise and reproducible APE quantification, and are especially useful for posttreatment imaging follow-ups.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145758074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myocardial Fibrosis Evaluated by T1 Mapping and Its Relationship to Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, Strain, and T2 Value in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Without Late Gadolinium Enhancement.","authors":"Yang Zhi, Tian-Yue Zhang, Fu-Dan Gui, Miao Wen, Liang-Chao Gao, Yi-Tian Long, You Yi, Fu Bing, Shu-Yue Pan","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000862","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000862","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate T1 and T2 values and to investigate their association with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy and strains in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) without late gadolinium enhancement (LGE).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Forty-eight HCM patients without LGE and 20 age-matched and sex-matched healthy subjects who underwent 3.0 T cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) were enrolled. Cine, T1, and T2 mapping and LGE sequencing were conducted. Unpaired t test, Mann-Whitney U test, χ 2 test, Spearman correlation analysis, and univariable and multivariable linear regression were performed in this study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with HCM without LGE had a relatively higher global circumferential strain (GCS) than the control group (-19.82% [-21.81%, -17.52%] vs -17.48% ± 3.42; P = 0.020). In contrast, the global longitudinal strain (GLS) in HCM patients without LGE was lower than that in the control group (-12.07% ± 2.89 vs -13.93% ± 3.03; P = 0.021). In addition, native T1 values, extracellular volume (ECV), and T2 values were elevated in HCM patients without LGE compared with those in the control group (all P < 0.05). Moreover, higher native T1 values were associated with elevated T2 values (r = 0.301, P = 0.038). LV mass index (β = 0.375 [95% CI: 8.107 to 35.151], P = 0.002) and GCS (β = 0.623 [95% CI: 0.974 to 2.883], P < 0.001) were independently associated with elevated LV ejection fraction when max LV wall thickness, T2 value, global radial strain (GRS), and GLS were added to the multivariate regression model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In HCM without LGE, elevated T1, T2, and ECV values and reduced GLS occurred despite preserved LV ejection fraction. These findings demonstrate that myocardial interstitial fibrosis and cellular edema may precede the early stages of HCM.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145287565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"60 kVp Coronary CT Angiography as a Screening Tool on Asymptomatic Patients: An Initial Experience.","authors":"Yicheng Han, Liying Peng, Guozhi Zhang, Shifeng Yang, Congshan Ji, Hui Gu, Ximing Wang","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000869","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate the feasibility of using 60 kVp coronary CT angiography (CCTA) combined with deep learning-based CT reconstruction as a screening tool on asymptomatic patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 156 asymptomatic patients (body mass index, 24.4 ± 2.2 kg/m 2 ) with at least one coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factor were prospectively enrolled for taking an experimental ultra-low dose 60 kVp CCTA followed by a routine 120 kVp CCTA. Stenosis detection, plaque analysis, and image quality assessment were performed on both scans, with 120 kVp CCTA serving as the reference.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean effective dose and mean contrast medium (CM) dosage were 0.4 ± 0.1 mSv and 27.0 ± 3.2 mL, respectively, for 60 kVp CCTA, corresponding to a 91.5% and 50.0% reduction as compared with 120 kVp CCTA. In both analyses for all plaque types and noncalcific plaques, the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in stenosis detection were >92% with 60 kVp CCTA on per-segment, per-vessel, and per-patient basis, and in particular, the negative predictive value was ≥ 97%. However, compared to 120 kVp CCTA, 60 kVp CCTA led to a significant overestimation in plaque volume and stenosis severity ( P <0.01), as well as inferior subjective scores regarding vessel and lumen delineation ( P <0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite overestimation in plaque volume and stenosis severity, 60 kVp CCTA showed excellent stenosis detection capability with ultra-low radiation dose and reduced CM dosage that may potentially be adopted as a screening tool for asymptomatic patients in routine practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145710282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Retrosternal Adhesions Using Preoperative CT to Predict Cardiovascular Injury During Sternotomy.","authors":"André Vaz, Ludmila Mintzu Young, Marcelo Biscegli Jatene, Fabio Biscegli Jatene, Leonardo Augusto Miana","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000870","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000870","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To identify preoperative CT findings linked to retrosternal adherence-related intraoperative cardiovascular injury and develop predictive scores with the potential to guide surgical planning.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted on patients undergoing CT within 30 days of sternotomy (first sternotomy or resternotomy) from 2019 to 2023. CT images were reviewed for retrosternal adherence patterns, classified as distance, contact, or adherence, and localized by segment (upper, middle, or lower retrosternal thirds) or by organ (innominate vein, aorta, right ventricle, right atrium, or pulmonary artery). Logistic regression was used to identify the significant predictors from which the scores were developed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 429 patients, 105 (24%) had cardiovascular injuries, including re-entry and postcardiopulmonary bypass injuries. Middle third adherence ( P <0.001), calcification ( P <0.001), and age ( P =0.002) were significant predictors in the segment approach. Aortic ( P =0.001) and right atrial ( P =0.034) adherence, calcification ( P <0.001), and age ( P =0.001) were significant predictors in the organ-specific approach. CAST (Calcification, Age, Sternal Thirds) and ARCA (Aorta, Right Atrium, Calcification, Age) scores were derived to predict intraoperative cardiovascular injuries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Preoperative CT can identify patients at high risk for intraoperative cardiovascular injury during sternotomy. The CAST and ARCA scores offer a reliable, CT-based approach for assessing this risk, potentially enhancing surgical planning and preemptive intervention strategies, thereby improving outcomes in high-risk cardiac reoperations.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146004496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic Significance of Phase-Resolved Functional Lung Low-field Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Comparison to Photon-Counting CT and Pulmonary Function Tests in Connective Tissue Disease-associated Interstitial Lung Diseases.","authors":"Ramona Muecke, Iram Shahzadi, Gunter Assmann, Michael Schmidt, Julius Henning Niehoff, Jens Vogel-Claussen, Andreas Voskrebenzev, Robert Grimm, Lynn Johann Frohwein, Saher Saeed, Jan Borggrefe, Christoph Moenninghoff","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000872","DOIUrl":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The diagnosis of connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung diseases (CTD-ILD) is connected to radiation exposure due to periodical CT scans. This study aims to investigate the alternative imaging method, Phase-Resolved Functional Lung (PREFUL), regarding its performance in low-field MRI. A comparison of PREFUL, photon-counting CT (PCCT) and pulmonary function tests (PFT) was performed to identify correlations that could restructure the diagnostics of CTD-ILD.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>In this prospective single-center study, free-breathing PREFUL acquisitions of CTD-ILD patients were done after clinically indicated PCCT imaging. The severity and extent of CTD-ILD in PCCT were assessed via the Warrick score and used as a reference. Spearman's correlation coefficient ( r ) was calculated to examine the association between PREFUL, PCCT, and PFT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The data of 31 CTD-ILD patients (64.32±12.36 y, 10 men) were evaluated. Most correlations of PREFUL parameters with PFT were found with the Tiffeneau-Pinelli index (FEV1/FVC). The Warrick score showed excellent inter-rater agreement and correlations ( P <0.05) with the PFT parameters forced vital capacity (FVC) and the diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide corrected for hemoglobin (DLCOc) [FVC: r =-0.43, DLCOc SB: r =-0.65, DLCOc/VA: r =-0.50]. No correlation was found between PREFUL parameters and PCCT.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The feasibility of PREFUL using low-field MRI was demonstrated in patients with CTD-ILD. Several correlations between PREFUL and PFT parameters were found, indicating that MRI can quantify lung function impairment. Nevertheless, CT remains the gold standard for CTD-ILD assessment and further research in PREFUL is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13095058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145901417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Air-Cleft Sign: Imaging and Histopathologic Findings in 7 Cases of Pulmonary Benign Metastasizing Leiomyomatosis.","authors":"Alex Diaz, Ana P Santos Lima, Anshu Bandhlish, J David Godwin, Sudhakar N J Pipavath","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RTI.0000000000000891","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Benign metastasizing leiomyomatosis (BML) is a rare complication of uterine leiomyoma and most often develops following uterine surgery. Pulmonary BML usually follows a benign clinical course and is often encountered incidentally, but may manifest clinical symptoms or even hypoxic respiratory failure in patients with large tumor burdens. In this paper, we present the \"air-cleft sign,\" a potentially useful and previously unreported CT finding in pulmonary BML patients with larger pulmonary nodules.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We queried the electronic medical record and picture archiving and communication system at our institution and identified a total of 7 cases of biopsy-confirmed pulmonary BML over the last 25 years. A team of 4 chest radiologists and a surgical pathologist reviewed these cases for key imaging and pathology findings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All 7 patients in our cohort had a history of uterine surgery or intervention before developing lung nodules. Most of the patients had nodules that demonstrated either very slow growth or long-term stability. Six of these 7 patients had nodules containing crescentic or oblong-shaped air-density clefts, and we observed these air clefts mostly in the larger nodules (average diameter 63 mm). At pathology, the air clefts corresponded to normal entrapped respiratory epithelium and are thus distinct from true cavitation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Establishing a diagnosis of pulmonary BML is difficult, given the rarity of the disease. In this small cohort of patients with pulmonary BML, we report a previously undescribed finding, the air-cleft sign, which can potentially help radiologists recognize pulmonary BML in women with multiple pulmonary nodules.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147787512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Microvascular Obstruction on Left Atrial and Ventricular Myocardial Deformation and In-hospital Complications in Reperfused ST-segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients.","authors":"Riccardo Cau, Alessandro Pinna, Pier Paolo Bassareo, Jasjit S Suri, Antonio Esposito, Luca Saba","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RTI.0000000000000865","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of microvascular obstruction (MVO) on left atrial and ventricular parameters, as well as in-hospital complications, in patients with reperfused ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) who underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) within 7 days.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included CMR scans of 95 consecutive patients with reperfused STEMI (79 males, mean age: 64.2 ± 10.3 y). Among them, 30 showed MVO presence (28 males, 93%; mean age: 64.1 ± 10.5 y), defined as a hypo-enhanced core surrounded by hyper-enhanced myocardium in late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) sequences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with MVO demonstrated a higher prevalence of hypertension (P = 0.012) and a lower LV ejection fraction (30.5 ± 9.1% vs 37.8 ± 13.8%, P = 0.011) compared with patients without MVO. In addition, patients with MVO showed impaired reservoir, conduit, booster function, global longitudinal strain (GLS), global circumferential strain (GCS), global radial strain (GRS), higher LGE extent, and in-hospital complications compared with STEMI patients without MVO (P = 0.001 for all).In multivariable analysis, reservoir, conduit, booster function, GLS, GCS, and GRS were associated with MVO presence, independently of LV ejection fraction and LGE extent (P = 0.001 for all).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In reperfused STEMI patients, left atrial and ventricular strain parameters are altered by the presence of MVO, in addition to impaired LV ejection fraction and LGE extent.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147730630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Not a Fluke: Pulmonary Manifestations of Parasitic Infection.","authors":"Andrew E Moore, Jeffrey P Kanne, Jennifer A Febbo","doi":"10.1097/RTI.0000000000000890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/RTI.0000000000000890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parasitic infections affect approximately two billion people globally, most commonly in developing countries in the tropics and subtropical regions. However, they are being seen in developed countries with increasing frequency due to immigration and travel. Many parasitic infections present with nonspecific and overlapping clinical findings, and many present with chest involvement. Thoracic manifestations of parasitic infection can be subdivided into 2 major categories: those that result in nondestructive-type physiological response with patchy, migratory, and transient pulmonary opacities, and those that undergo a locally destructive-type manifestation with lung cysts or linear tracts, smooth muscle denervation, chronic and recurrent inflammation, or even osseous destruction. Considering a third nontraditional category of parasitic infections that rarely result in thoracic pathology can be a useful diagnostic tool to broaden the differential diagnosis and assist the radiologist in considering additional pathogen disease patterns. Recognizing the temporal, zonal, and other classic thoracic manifestations in conjunction with the common systemic imaging findings can assist in accurate and timely diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49974,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Thoracic Imaging","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147730586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}