Journal of Voice最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of Dysphonia in Metal Singers and the Impact of Vocal Education: A Subjective Analysis","authors":"Carmen Unterhofer ,&nbsp;Judith Marscheider ,&nbsp;Sophie Auer,&nbsp;Olivia Jeleff-Wölfler,&nbsp;Simone Graf","doi":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.12.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.12.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>On average, the prevalence of subjectively indicated dysphonia in singers is higher than in the general population. When using extreme vocal techniques supraglottic structures are involved to protect the vocal folds. Most of the metal singers learn this specific singing style autodidactically. Vocal training can have a positive effect on the voice and prevent voice problems. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of dysphonia in metal singers and the impact this has on the profession or the vocal education.</div><div>The subjects had to fill out an online questionnaire including two validated and standardized questionnaires about the speaking and singing voice: The short version of the Voice Handicap Index (VHI 12) and the Singing Voice Handicap Index (SVHI).</div><div>The prevalence of dysphonia in metal singers is 12.2%. 9 out of 74 participants showed an increased (S)VHI score. 6 of these participants learned singing autodidactically. No dysphonia was found in any singer who sings full-time or studied singing. The correlation between education or profession and dysphonia was statistically not significant. More women than men studied or took singing lessons. This difference was statistically significant.</div><div>The prevalence of 12.2% in our study is quite low and contrary to our assumption. We can assume, that a vocal education for the metal singing style is useful but not mandatory and the number of persons with dysphonia through metal singing is low. A healthy vocal technique does not necessarily have to be the result of voice lessons.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Voice","volume":"39 3","pages":"Pages 853.e21-853.e31"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9100831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Virtual Teaching on Swedish Teachers’ Voices During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Paul M. Evitts ,&nbsp;Maria Allebeck ,&nbsp;Olivia Esmerelda Åberg","doi":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.12.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.12.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Since the beginning of 2020, teachers all over the world have had to switch over to virtual teaching because of the COVID-19 pandemic. This change of teaching mode has unknown consequences on the vocal health of teachers who already experience voice disorders at a rate nearly double that of the general population. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate teachers’ self-reported voice problems during virtual teaching compared to face-to-face teaching and how they are associated to perceived risk factors in the work environment.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Participants included 141 teachers (49 males, 92 females) in high schools and higher education in Sweden who responded to an internet-based survey. Information was collected about participants’ self-reported voice handicap using a translated version of the Voice Handicap Index-10 (VHI-10). Information about self-reported VTD (Vocal Tract Discomfort) symptoms and dysphonia was collected in regard to both modes of teaching (virtual vs face-to- face). The survey also included questions on risk factors related to vocal health.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Self-reported voice handicap and VTD symptoms were slightly lower during periods of virtual teaching compared to periods of face-to-face teaching. There was a lower frequency of dysphonia symptoms during virtual teaching compared to face-to- face teaching, however the difference was not statistically significant. In addition, 34% of teachers reported experiencing more voice problems when teaching face-to-face while 15% reported more voice problems when teaching virtually. The most reported VTD symptoms during both virtual and face-to-face teaching were having a dry and a tight throat. The dysphonia symptoms with the highest reported frequency were a tense voice and hoarseness in both modes of teaching. Risk factors associated with higher prevalence of voice symptoms and/or higher levels of voice handicap during virtual teaching were air quality and straining the voice while teaching face-to-face. In addition, those teachers who reported more voice problems while teaching virtually also reported feeling more stressed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results showed a slight decrease in voice symptoms and voice handicap during virtual teaching compared to face-to-face teaching. Although multifactorial, results suggest that a potential positive effect may be attributed to better air quality in the work environment and more favorable acoustic conditions preventing teachers from straining their voice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Voice","volume":"39 3","pages":"Pages 843.e9-843.e21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9182093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Use of Laryngeal Electromyography to Determine Surgical Success Following Anastomosis and Implantation Reinnervation Surgeries for Vocal Fold Paralysis: A Systematic Review","authors":"Camryn Marshall ,&nbsp;Divya Balchander ,&nbsp;Ghiath Alnouri ,&nbsp;Robert T. Sataloff","doi":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.11.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.11.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><span>The goal of this systematic review is to elucidate an evidence-based review of the benefit of laryngeal </span>electromyography<span> (LEMG) in determining surgical success following reanastamosis and implantation reinnervation<span> surgery for treating vocal fold paralysis.</span></span></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We searched the following databases: PubMed, Embase and MEDLINE from inception to September 2022. Articles that included postoperative LEMG as a tool to evaluate patients after surgery for vocal fold paralysis were included.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 203 studies were identified, 106 were read in full, and 11 that met the inclusion criteria were systematically reviewed.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The available evidence suggests that postoperative LEMG data is consistent with visual, perceptual, and acoustic analysis<span> and therefore is a reliable tool in determining surgical success. LEMG provides both qualitative and quantitative evaluation, rather than the qualitative evaluation provided by standard methods, which yields additional parameters that more effectively and definitively characterize percent of muscle reinnervation at each stage and timeline the patient's recovery.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":49954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Voice","volume":"39 3","pages":"Pages 775-786"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10346096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Additive Effectiveness of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Glottic Closure and Subjective Voice Outcomes of Patients With Benign Lesion After Hyaluronic Acid Laryngoplasty","authors":"Hsin-Hao Liou ,&nbsp;Miyuki Hsing-Chun Hsieh ,&nbsp;David Shang-Yu Hung ,&nbsp;Hui-Ling Liu ,&nbsp;Ishan Lee ,&nbsp;Yi-Chih Lin ,&nbsp;Jenn-Ren Hsiao ,&nbsp;Cheng-Chih Huang ,&nbsp;Chun-Yen Ou ,&nbsp;Chan-Chi Chang ,&nbsp;Wei-Ting Lee ,&nbsp;Sen-Tien Tsai ,&nbsp;Shu-Wei Tsai","doi":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.10.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.10.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><span><span>For patients with glottic insufficiency disease, injection laryngoplasty is a rapid and efficient management option that complements voice therapy. Some studies have indicated that </span>respiratory muscle training may also show promise in patients with voice disorders. However, the effect of respiratory muscle training in patients with glottic insufficiency was reported to be limited, and whether it provides additional benefit after standard management requires further evaluation. We aimed to investigate the effectiveness of inspiratory muscle training on </span>glottis<span> closure and patient-reported voice quality in glottic insufficiency patients who had been treated with hyaluronic acid injection.</span></div></div><div><h3>Study Design</h3><div>Retrospective observational study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 46 patients with glottic insufficiency who had undergone hyaluronic acid injection. Twenty of them had undergone inspiratory muscle training during three months. We measured patients’ changes in glottic status according to the normalized glottal gap area and bowing index, as well as voice quality of life according to the voice handicap index 10 and the voice outcome survey, before and after training.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients who underwent inspiratory muscle training had higher odds of experiencing better improvement in all scores. The range of odds ratios ranged from 2.5 to 6.3 for changes in scores, and from 3.8 to 22.2 for changes in score percentages. Of note, the effect of training on percentage changes in the normalized glottal gap area score was significant (<em>P</em><span>= 0.0127) after adjustment for the duration of vocal disease, body mass index<span> and BMI, and history of gastroesophageal reflux disease.</span></span></div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Inspiratory muscle training can improve the glottal gap after injection laryngoplasty, and may be applied in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Voice","volume":"39 3","pages":"Pages 728-735"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10399737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different Performances of Machine Learning Models to Classify Dysphonic and Non-Dysphonic Voices","authors":"Danilo Rangel Arruda Leite ,&nbsp;Ronei Marcos de Moraes ,&nbsp;Leonardo Wanderley Lopes","doi":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyze the performance of 10 different machine learning (ML) classifiers for discrimination between dysphonic and non-dysphonic voices, using a variance threshold as a method for the selection and reduction of acoustic measurements used in the classifier.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We analyzed 435 samples of individuals (337 female and 98 male), with a mean age of 41.07 ± 13.73 years, of which 384 were dysphonic and 51 were non-dysphonic. From the sustained /ε/ vowel sample, 34 acoustic measurements were extracted, including traditional perturbation and noise measurements, cepstral/spectral measurements, and measurements based on nonlinear models<span>. The variance method was used to select the best set of acoustic measurements. We tested the performance of the best-selected set with 10 ML classifiers using precision, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and F1-Score measurements. The kappa coefficient was used to verify the reproducibility between the two datasets (training and testing).</span></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><span>The naive Bayes (NB) and stochastic gradient descent classifier (SGDC) models performed best in terms of accuracy, AUC, sensitivity, and specificity for a reduced </span><em>dataset</em> of 15 acoustic measures compared to the full <em>dataset</em> of 34 acoustic measures. SGDC and NB obtained the best performance results, with an accuracy of 0.91 and 0.76, respectively. These two classifiers presented moderate agreement, with a Kappa of 0.57 (SGDC) and 0.45 (NB).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Among the tested models, the NB and SGDC models performed better in discriminating between dysphonic and non-dysphonic voices from a set of 15 acoustic measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Voice","volume":"39 3","pages":"Pages 577-590"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10399739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux in Patients of Different Genders and Ages","authors":"Zhi Liu ,&nbsp;Chun Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Wang ,&nbsp;Jinhong Zhang ,&nbsp;Lianlian Liu ,&nbsp;Jiasen Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Zhao ,&nbsp;Shizhen Zou ,&nbsp;Xin Ma ,&nbsp;Jinrang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.11.035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.11.035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the differences in laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) characteristics between gender and age groups based on the Reflux Symptom Index (RSI), Reflux Finding Score (RFS) scale and 24-hour hypopharyngeal-esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH (HEMII-pH) monitoring.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The enrolled were patients with LPR symptoms completed the 24h-HEMII-pH monitoring and divided into two gender groups (male and female) and elderly group (&gt;60 years), middle-aged group (41-60 years) and young group (18-40 years). The total RSI and RFS scores of individuals were counted. Various potential differences as well as incidence of each type of LPR events between gender and age groups were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 420 patients were included, with 333 (79.3%) diagnosed with LPR confirmed by 24h-HEMII-pH monitoring. Females (n=49) had a statistically higher LPR positivity (91.0% vs. 76.6%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.01) than males (n=342). Female patients with LPR had significantly higher RSI scores (14.08 ± 6.72 vs. 11.08 ± 4.82, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) than male patients. The positive rate of LPR were 82.6%, 80.7% and 63.3% in the elderly, middle-aged and young groups. The Elderly group had significantly lower RSI scores (10.20 ± 4.06 vs. 12.80 ± 6.58, 12.24 ± 5.57, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) but higher RFS scores (9.37 ± 3.25 vs. 8.16 ± 3.34, 8.57 ± 2.58, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) than the other two groups. The number of acid hypopharyngeal-proximal reflux episodes (HREs) and distal esophageal acid reflux were significantly higher in elderly than in young patients. Except for non-acid gas HREs, the positive rates of other types of HREs were increasing from young to middle-aged to the elderly group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Female patients with suspected LPR symptoms had a higher positive rate of LPR and RSI score than males. The prevalence of LPR and the number of acid reflux were progressively increasing with age, but the perception of reflux symptoms may diminish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Voice","volume":"39 3","pages":"Pages 764-769"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10423290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Roles of Colony-Forming Tissue Stem Cells in the Maculae Flavae of Newborn Vocal Fold In Vivo","authors":"Kiminori Sato,&nbsp;Shun-ichi Chitose,&nbsp;Fumihiko Sato,&nbsp;Kiminobu Sato,&nbsp;Takeharu Ono,&nbsp;Hirohito Umeno","doi":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div><span>Tissue stem cells in the maculae flavae (a stem cell niche) of the human vocal fold form colonies </span><em>in vivo</em> like stem cells <em>in vitro</em>. However, the roles of colony-forming aggregated cells in the maculae flavae <em>in vivo</em><span> have not yet been determined. This study investigated the glycolysis, of the colony-forming aggregated cells in the maculae flavae of the human newborn vocal fold </span><em>in vivo</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three normal newborn vocal folds were investigated under light microscopy with immunohistochemistry<span> and transmission electron microscopy.</span></div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div><span><span><span>Colony-forming aggregated cells in the newborn maculae flavae strongly expressed glucose transporter-1 and glycolytic enzymes (hexokinase II, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and </span>lactate dehydrogenase<span> A). The colony-forming aggregated cells did not express phosphofructokinase-1 (rate-limiting enzyme of regular glucose metabolism<span> pathway) but expressed glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (rate-limiting enzyme) indicating the cells relied more on the pentose phosphate pathway. The colony-forming aggregated cells’ strong expression of lactate dehydrogenase A indicated that they rely more on </span></span></span>anaerobic glycolysis in an anaerobic microenvironment. Mitochondrial cristae of the colony-forming aggregated cells in the newborn maculae flavae were sparse. Consequently, the microstructural features of the mitochondria suggested that their metabolic activity and </span>oxidative phosphorylation were low.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The colony-forming aggregated cells in the maculae flavae of the newborn vocal fold seemed to rely more on anaerobic glycolysis using the pentose phosphate pathway for energy supply <em>in vivo</em><span>. Microstructural features of the mitochondria and the glycolytic enzyme expression of the colony-forming aggregated cells suggested that the oxidative phosphorylation activity was low. Already at birth, in the anaerobic microenvironment of the macular flavae </span><em>in vivo</em><span>, there is likely a complex cross-talk regarding metabolism between the colony-forming aggregated cells along the adhesion machinery and chemical signaling pathways which reduces toxic oxygen species and is favorable to maintaining the stemness and undifferentiated states of the tissue stem cells.</span></div></div>","PeriodicalId":49954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Voice","volume":"39 3","pages":"Pages 612-618"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10461010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Key to Singing Off-Key: The Trained Singer and Pitch Perception Distortion","authors":"Sarah R. Kervin","doi":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.12.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.12.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Pitch perception distortion (PPD) is a novel term describing a phenomenon in which an amplified, accompanied singer's perception of their sung pitch relative to band or accompaniment becomes ambiguous, leading to one of two conditions: a) the singer believes they are out of tune with the accompaniment, but are in tune as perceived by a listener, or b) the singer believes they are in tune with the accompaniment, but are not. This pilot study aims to investigate the existence and incidence of PPD among amplified, accompanied performers and identify associated variables.</div></div><div><h3>Design/Methods</h3><div>115 singers were recruited to participate in an online survey, which collected information on musical training, performance environment, and PPD experience.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Reported PPD incidence was 68%, with 92% of respondents indicating that PPD occurred rarely. The factors reported as most associated with PPD experiences included loud stage volume, poor song familiarity, singing outside one's habitual pitch range, and singing loudly. Contrary to previous studies and our hypotheses, no association was found between modality of auditory feedback (e.g., in-ears versus floor monitors) and incidence of PPD. Additionally, higher levels of training were found to be associated with higher incidence of PPD.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The reported incidence supports that PPD exists beyond chance and anecdotal experience. In light of the highly trained sample, the data suggest that pitch accuracy in accompanied, amplified performance may be more associated with aural environment–specifically loud stage volume–and a highly trained singer's tuning strategy in response to that environment rather than a singer's mastery of vocal intonation skills in isolation. Loud stage volume was implicated as a primary factor associated with PPD, which may be related to the stapedius reflex. Future investigations will target attempted elicitation of PPD in trained singers after establishing baseline auditory reflex thresholds and objective measurements of intonation accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Voice","volume":"39 3","pages":"Pages 848.e21-848.e32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10642187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of Neurogenic Voice Disorders Using the Fisher Vector Representation of Cepstral Features","authors":"Madhu Keerthana Yagnavajjula ,&nbsp;Paavo Alku ,&nbsp;Krothapalli Sreenivasa Rao ,&nbsp;Pabitra Mitra","doi":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.10.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.10.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neurogenic voice disorders (NVDs) are caused by damage or malfunction of the central or peripheral nervous system that controls vocal fold movement. In this paper, we investigate the potential of the Fisher vector (FV) encoding in automatic detection of people with NVDs. FVs are used to convert features from frame level (local descriptors) to utterance level (global descriptors). At the frame level, we extract two popular cepstral representations, namely, Mel-frequency cepstral coefficients (MFCCs) and perceptual linear prediction cepstral coefficients (PLPCCs), from acoustic voice signals. In addition, the MFCC features are also extracted from every frame of the glottal source signal computed using a glottal inverse filtering (GIF) technique. The global descriptors derived from the local descriptors are used to train a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Experiments are conducted using voice signals from 80 healthy speakers and 80 patients with NVDs (40 with spasmodic dysphonia (SD) and 40 with recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy (RLNP)) taken from the Saarbruecken voice disorder (SVD) database. The overall results indicate that the use of the FV encoding leads to better identification of people with NVDs, compared to the defacto temporal encoding. Furthermore, the SVM trained using the combination of FVs derived from the cepstral and glottal features provides the overall best detection performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Voice","volume":"39 3","pages":"Pages 757-763"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40705363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aerodynamic-induced Effects of Artificial Subglottic Stenosis on Vocal Fold Model Phonatory Response","authors":"Benjamin A. Hilton,&nbsp;Scott L. Thomson","doi":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.11.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.11.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Subglottic stenosis (SGS) is characterized by a narrowing of the trachea near the cricotracheal junction and impairs breathing. SGS may also adversely affect voice quality, but for reasons that are not fully understood. The purpose of this study is to provide experiment-based data concerning the effects on phonation of airway obstruction due to SGS.</div></div><div><h3>Study Design</h3><div>Basic science</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A device simulating a SGS of adjustable severity ranging from 36% to 99.8% obstruction was created. Self-oscillating synthetic VF models were mounted downstream of the device and data were acquired to evaluate the effects of the obstruction on phonatory response.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Onset pressures were relatively insensitive to obstructions of up to approximately 80% to 90% reductions in subglottic airway area and sharply increased thereafter. Flow rate (under conditions of constant pressure), flow resistance, and fundamental frequency all exhibited similar degrees of sensitivity to SGS obstruction as onset pressure. High-frequency noise became significant by 80% obstruction. Glottal area appeared to be less sensitive, not being affected until approximately 90% obstruction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Consistent with previous computational studies, this study found that aerodynamic, acoustic, and vibratory responses of self-oscillating VF models were largely unaffected by SGS until approximately 80% to 90% obstruction, and significantly affected at higher obstructions. This suggests that Grades I and II stenoses are unlikely to introduce subglottic airway aerodynamic disturbances that are sufficient in and of themselves to significantly alter phonatory output. The SGS model introduces a framework for future benchtop studies involving subglottic and supraglottic airway constrictions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49954,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Voice","volume":"39 3","pages":"Pages 624-634"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9579511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}