LuminescencePub Date : 2026-06-02DOI: 10.1002/bio.70517
F. Ebrahimi, H. R. Memarian
{"title":"Pyrazolo[3,4-b]hydroquinoline-5-Ones: Optoelectronic Properties and DFT Computational Studies","authors":"F. Ebrahimi, H. R. Memarian","doi":"10.1002/bio.70517","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70517","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study explores the structure–property relationships in a series of pyrazolo[3,4-b]hydroquinoline-5-ones (PzHQs), a promising class of fluorophores with potential applications in bioimaging, sensors, and advanced materials. We synthesized PzHQs with diverse electron-donating and -withdrawing substitutions at the N1-, C3-, and C4-positions of the heterocyclic rings to systematically investigate their electronic, steric, and push–pull effects on their fluorescence emissions. The results demonstrated that, unlike the electron-withdrawing groups, electron-donating substituents enhance the fluorescence intensity. Furthermore, we identified and quantified several key environmental factors influencing the fluorescence emission, including the critical self-quenching concentration (CQC), the presence of molecular oxygen, and solvent polarity. A complementary DFT computational study at the B3LYP/6-31++G** level, using the CPCM solvent model, was performed, providing theoretical support that aligns with and rationalizes the experimental findings.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"41 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148151356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Illuminating Morphological Evolution: Unveiling the Photoluminescence Secrets of Cs2SnCl6 Lead-Free Halide Perovskite","authors":"Priyadharshni Karthikeyan, Althaf Raja, Rathish Sivakumar, Sathishkumar Krishnamoorthy, Swathi Tharani Dharmalingam, Venkateswaran Ramalingam, Anuradha Ashok","doi":"10.1002/bio.70522","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70522","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Controlling defect chemistry and crystal morphology in lead-free halide perovskites can provide a new pathways leads to high-performance optoelectronic devices. This work investigates a stable Sn<sup>4+</sup>-based Cs<sub>2</sub>SnCl<sub>6</sub> system through gradient HCl-mediated approach to address Sn<sup>2+</sup> instability. The influence of HCl concentration shows clear effects on crystal growth, defects, and optoelectronic properties. The optimized 0.048 mol/L HCl sample shows a well-defined truncated octahedral morphology, with better structural ordering and a sharper A<sub>1g</sub> Raman mode. It has strong UV absorption of around 3.83 eV, and better photoluminescence with a PLQY of ~27.3%. The corresponding large Stokes shift (~0.6 eV) owing to controlled defect states that balance radiative and non-radiative recombination pathways. Significantly, this sample displays n-type conductivity with enhanced carrier transport, an unreported electrical behavior in Cs<sub>2</sub>SnCl<sub>6</sub>, with a carrier concentration (1.35 × 10<sup>14</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup>) and resistivity (0.55 × 10<sup>5</sup> Ω cm). This material shows good structural stability over 200 days at ambient conditions and thermally stable up to 600°C. Variation in HCl concentration controls the growth of [SnCl<sub>6</sub>]<sup>2−</sup> octahedra, which affects both morphology and defect states, contributing better material performance. These observation suggests that Cs<sub>2</sub>SnCl<sub>6</sub> is a promising candidate for lead-free optoelectronic applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"41 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148145219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LuminescencePub Date : 2026-06-01DOI: 10.1002/bio.70511
Xilong Wu, Chaojun Jing
{"title":"Perylene Diimide Derivatives: From Molecular Engineering to Precision Cancer Theranostics","authors":"Xilong Wu, Chaojun Jing","doi":"10.1002/bio.70511","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70511","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Perylene diimide (PDI) derivatives are a class of well-established organic optoelectronic materials with a rigid π-conjugated fused ring framework, which have been extensively explored for biomedical applications including fluorescence imaging, photoacoustic imaging, and tumor phototherapy over the past decades. Benefiting from their intrinsic merits, including high fluorescence quantum yield (FQY), tunable photophysical properties, excellent photochemical stability, and facile structural functionalization, PDIs have shown outstanding performance in photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT). However, the biomedical translation of PDIs still faces critical bottlenecks: insufficient water solubility and severe aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect derived from strong intermolecular π–π stacking, limited tissue penetration depth from short-wavelength absorption/emission, tumor microenvironment hypoxia that restricts type II PDT efficacy, and unsatisfactory photothermal conversion efficiency (PCE) of conventional PDI derivatives for PTT. This review systematically summarizes the research progress of PDIs in biomedical fields, focusing on molecular design strategies for spectral redshift, water solubility enhancement, and phototherapeutic performance optimization. Meanwhile, the structure–property relationships of PDI derivatives are elaborated in depth from the perspective of molecular orbital engineering and aggregation state regulation. Finally, existing challenges and future development directions in biomedical translation are discussed to provide guidance for the rational design of high-performance PDI-based diagnostic and therapeutic agents.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"41 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148145315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LuminescencePub Date : 2026-06-01DOI: 10.1002/bio.70508
Lateefa A Al-Khateeb, Rania El-Shaheny, Mahmoud El-Maghrabey, Mohammad A Elmorsy, Heba M Hashem
{"title":"A Green Probe-Free Spectrofluorimetric Platform for Trace Detection of Organophosphate Pesticide in Water Leveraging Molecular Recognition and In Silico Simulation, With Integrated Tricolor and Sustainability Assessment.","authors":"Lateefa A Al-Khateeb, Rania El-Shaheny, Mahmoud El-Maghrabey, Mohammad A Elmorsy, Heba M Hashem","doi":"10.1002/bio.70508","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new green spectrofluorimetric method was created for the detection of the organophosphate pesticide chlorpyrifos (CPS) in water with great sensitivity. The probe-free approach leverages the direct formation of a host-guest inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) to greatly improve the native fluorescence of CPS. This strategy eliminates the need for toxic reagents or derivatization steps. The complex had a 1:1 stoichiometry and a high binding constant of 2.6 × 10<sup>3</sup> L/mol. Molecular docking showed a free energy of -6.024 kcal/mol, stabilized by hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interactions. The method showed high sensitivity (LOD = 0.07 μM) over a wide linear range (0.15-5.4 μM, r<sup>2</sup> = 0.9994) and high accuracy (97%-102% recovery) in tap, river, and irrigation water samples. Using a tri-color assessment protocol, we carefully tested how green, practical, and sustainable the method was. It got great scores for its greenness (AGREE = 0.78), practicality (BAGI = 70), and analytical performance (RAPI = 85). A thorough comparison with other methods using the Need, Quality, and Sustainability (NQS) index and AGREE scoring showed that this supramolecular strategy offers a strong balance of practical usefulness, analytical quality, and environmental friendliness.</p>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"41 6","pages":"e70508"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LuminescencePub Date : 2026-05-31DOI: 10.1002/bio.70504
D. H. Kim, P. Puspitasari, K. Park
{"title":"Crystal Structure and Tunable Photoluminescent Properties of Ce3+-Doped and Tb3+-Doped BaCa12(SiO4)4(PO4)2OF2 Phosphors","authors":"D. H. Kim, P. Puspitasari, K. Park","doi":"10.1002/bio.70504","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70504","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Advances in white LED technologies have intensified the demand for novel inorganic phosphors with enhanced emission properties. In this work, we present, for the first time, a systematic strategy for the discovery of novel phosphor materials, including: (i) identification of potential host oxides from the IMA mineral lists and the ICSD, (ii) confirmation of the structural suitability of BaCa<sub>12</sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>OF<sub>2</sub> via Rietveld refinement analysis, and (iii) systematic characterization of the crystal structure and photoluminescent properties of BaCa<sub>12</sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>OF<sub>2</sub>:M<sup>3+</sup> (M = Ce, Tb) phosphors. The host framework, containing BaO<sub>6</sub>, Ca(1)O<sub>6</sub>F, Ca(2)O<sub>6</sub>F, PO<sub>4</sub>, Si(1)O<sub>4</sub>, and Si(2)O<sub>4</sub> polyhedra, serves as a promising host lattice, providing versatile crystallographic sites for activator substitution. Ce<sup>3+</sup>-doped phosphors exhibit blue emission, while Tb<sup>3+</sup>-doped phosphors show intense green emission, both originating from characteristic 5<i>d</i> → 4<i>f</i> and 4<i>f</i> → 4<i>f</i> transitions, respectively. The newly discovered Ce<sup>3+</sup>-doped and Tb<sup>3+</sup>-doped BaCa<sub>12</sub>(SiO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub>(PO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub>OF<sub>2</sub> phosphors exhibit strong potential as blue and green emitters, respectively, for white LED applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"41 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148139694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LuminescencePub Date : 2026-05-29DOI: 10.1002/bio.70526
Lukang Ji, Jianing Yang, Shaoxuan Wang, Haitao Yu
{"title":"Solvent-Dependent Aggregation, Fluorescence Enhancement, and Supramolecular Chirality Inversion in Tetraphenylethylene-Based Assemblies","authors":"Lukang Ji, Jianing Yang, Shaoxuan Wang, Haitao Yu","doi":"10.1002/bio.70526","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70526","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Controlling fluorescence and chiroptical responses within one self-assembly system is of considerable interest. In this work, a chiral tetraphenylethylene derivative containing glutamic acid units was studied in dimethylformamide/water mixed solvents. With increasing water fraction, the molecules gradually aggregated and showed markedly enhanced fluorescence emission, characteristic of aggregation-induced emission behavior. At the same time, the assemblies displayed reversal of circular dichroism and circularly polarized luminescence signals, indicating solvent-dependent changes in supramolecular chirality in both the ground and excited states. Morphological and spectroscopic studies suggested that the optical changes were associated with variations in intermolecular interactions and aggregate packing. Molecular dynamics simulations further provided qualitative information on solvent-dependent aggregation and conformational variation of the assemblies. These results show a close correlation among aggregation, fluorescence enhancement, and chiroptical response in this chiral tetraphenylethylene-based system.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"41 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148057988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LuminescencePub Date : 2026-05-28DOI: 10.1002/bio.70521
Aljawhara H. Almuqrin, M. I. Sayyed, Chaitali V. More, Ashok Kumar
{"title":"Experimental Insights Into the Optical and Radiation Shielding Behavior of BaO-PbO2-B2O3-Pr6O11 Glasses","authors":"Aljawhara H. Almuqrin, M. I. Sayyed, Chaitali V. More, Ashok Kumar","doi":"10.1002/bio.70521","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70521","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This work reports the physical, optical, and gamma-ray shielding behavior of the BaO-PbO<sub>2</sub>-B<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub> glasses. The present study evaluates the viability of present glasses as transparent shielding materials. The glasses are prepared using the melt-quenching technique. The amorphous nature is verified using X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectroscopy. The optical characteristics are evaluated using UV–Vis absorption spectroscopy, while the radiation shielding competence is experimentally quantified using a narrow beam NaI (Tl) detector setup at 356, 511, 662, 1173, and 1330 keV. The incorporation of BaO, PbO<sub>2</sub>, and Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub> increased the density of the glasses from 4.252 g cm<sup>−3</sup> to a peak of 4.898 g cm<sup>−3</sup>. The UV–Vis spectra exhibited four distinctive absorption peaks at ~446, 472, 484, and 582 nm, confirming the active presence of Pr<sup>3+</sup> ions. The addition of BaO, PbO<sub>2</sub>, and Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub> facilitated the formation of non-bridging oxygens, which resulted in a decrease in the optical band gap (<i>E</i><sub><i>g</i></sub>) from 2.467 eV down to 2.138 eV. The experimental radiation shielding data confirmed that the highest concentration of BaO, PbO<sub>2</sub>, and Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub> improved the attenuation coefficients across the tested energy spectrum. The 3Pr<sub>6</sub>O<sub>11</sub> glass represents a highly promising and practical alternative for transparent radiation shielding windows in diagnostic radiology and nuclear facilities.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"41 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LuminescencePub Date : 2026-05-28DOI: 10.1002/bio.70523
Jimmy Pulecio, Sonnia Parra, Waldo Quiroz, Manuel A. Bravo
{"title":"Chemometric-Assisted Determination of Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and Benzo[a]anthracene (BaA) in Water Samples Using Fluorescence and Commercial Membranes: A White Analytical Chemistry Approach","authors":"Jimmy Pulecio, Sonnia Parra, Waldo Quiroz, Manuel A. Bravo","doi":"10.1002/bio.70523","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70523","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study evaluates different solid membranes to develop an analytical method for the immobilization of two priority PAHs, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and benzo[a]anthracene (BaA), followed by the measurement of excitation–emission fluorescence matrices (directly measured over the membrane) coupled to second-order multivariate calibration. Commercially available membranes, such as nylon and C18, proved to be suitable supports for these purposes, especially for aqueous samples. The multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) algorithm showed adequate flexibility to fit the data and achieve the second-order advantage, even in the presence of unmodeled interferences. Even though both membranes showed different selectivity, the developed method allows quantification of PAH at ng L<sup>−1</sup> levels with a prediction error below 10%. The proposed methodology was successfully applied to spiked real water samples, demonstrating its suitability for detecting PAHs at trace levels. Finally, the proposed method was evaluated and compared with reported analytical approaches based on white analytical chemistry principles, showing remarkable analytical performance for monitoring PAHs in natural water samples.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"41 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}