{"title":"High Performance Lead-Free Perovskite-Based Photodetector for Low-Light Intensity Detection in Biomedical Applications","authors":"Richa Srivastava, Sudhanshu Verma, Akhilesh Kumar Chaudhary, Anupam Sahu","doi":"10.1002/bio.70389","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70389","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This work presents a comprehensive numerical study on a lead-free, tin-based perovskite photodetector (PPD) designed for low-light biomedical sensing applications. Using CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>SnBr<sub>3</sub> as the active absorber layer, we model a device architecture comprising FTO/CdZnS/CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>SnBr<sub>3</sub>/Spiro-OMeTAD/Au, optimizing key parameters through combined SCAPS-1D and COMSOL Multiphysics simulations. We systematically investigate the influence of absorber thickness, defect density, donor doping, electric field distribution, series and shunt resistance, and interface properties to maximize optoelectronic performance. The optimized PPD achieves a peak responsivity of 0.55 A/W and a detectivity of 9.7 × 10<sup>14</sup> Jones within the red-light spectral window (680–790 nm), demonstrating enhanced charge carrier lifetimes and effective interfacial charge extraction. These results highlight the potential of CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>SnBr<sub>3</sub> as an eco-friendly alternative to lead-based perovskites, advancing the development of high-sensitivity, low-illumination photodetectors for biomedical imaging and diagnostics.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"40 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145851485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Selective Ag+ Sensing and Cellular Imaging Based on Hydrophilic Modulated Peptide Probe","authors":"Shenao Li, Jieben Jiao, Shuxian Meng, Chengqing Zhao, Jiang Wu","doi":"10.1002/bio.70397","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70397","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Silver is a highly toxic heavy metal pollutant. Its excessive release into the environment and long-term accumulation in living organisms can have serious impacts on ecosystems and human health. Therefore, developing precise detection methods for Ag<sup>+</sup> is crucial for environmental monitoring and biomedical applications. Currently, common peptide fluorescent probes neglect the effects of self-assembly of probe molecules to form nanoparticles. In this study, we focused on this factor and systematically adjusted the hydrophilicity of peptides to design and synthesize three Ag<sup>+</sup> responsive fluorescent probes: DNSCI-SPPW, DNSCI-APGYHA, and DNSCI-GPTHC. Among them, DNSCI-APGYHA exhibits stable morphological characteristics in solution and better selectivity for Ag<sup>+</sup>. Additionally, this probe shows a lower detection limit (19 nM) and stronger resistance to interference. Notably, DNSCI-APGYHA demonstrates good cell permeability and low cytotoxicity, and has been successfully applied for fluorescent imaging detection of Ag<sup>+</sup> in CT26 cells.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145851449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LuminescencePub Date : 2025-12-28DOI: 10.1002/bio.70384
Jiayang Chen, Liang Mo
{"title":"A Single-Component Nanotheranostic Platform for Synchronous Cancer Imaging, Phototherapy, and Immune Activation","authors":"Jiayang Chen, Liang Mo","doi":"10.1002/bio.70384","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70384","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We constructed a single-component nanotheranostic platform by assembling IDIC-Phc6, a photosensitizer with an acceptor–donor–acceptor structure, with DSPE-PEG-NH₂. The IDIC-Phc6 nanoparticles (NPs) synchronized the following therapeutic and diagnostic functions upon single-wavelength excitation at 635 nm: (1) high-contrast tumor imaging through strong near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence emission, (2) localized hyperthermia due to high photothermal conversion efficiency (43.5%), and (3) activation of type I/II photodynamic therapy that generates both singlet oxygen (Φ<sub>Δ</sub> = 48.7%) and superoxide anions to overcome tumor hypoxia. In vitro experiments confirmed the biocompatibility of IDIC-Phc6 NPs in the absence of photoactivation, whereas the combination of the NPs and laser irradiation induced apoptosis in tumor cells via mitochondrial membrane depolarization and triggered immunogenic cell death (ICD). Furthermore, IDIC-Phc6 NPs achieved precise tumor imaging in vivo through strong NIR fluorescence, significantly inhibited tumor growth via phototherapeutic effects, and remodeled the immune microenvironment. This single-component platform integrating theranostics, dual-modal synergistic therapy, and immune activation provides an innovative solution to overcome the barriers of the tumor microenvironment and enable clinical translation of precision phototherapy.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"40 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145851378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LuminescencePub Date : 2025-12-28DOI: 10.1002/bio.70394
R. Thirumalaisamy, K. S. Shalini, T. Selvankumar, M. Bhuvaneswari, M. Amrithaa, A. Aishwarya, R. Aarnika, B. Aakhil Ahamed, J. S. Anamika
{"title":"Biogenic Luminescent Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles From Centratherum punctatum: Their Synthesis Optimization Through Box–Behnken Design and Its Antimicrobial Property and Photocatalytic Dye Degradation","authors":"R. Thirumalaisamy, K. S. Shalini, T. Selvankumar, M. Bhuvaneswari, M. Amrithaa, A. Aishwarya, R. Aarnika, B. Aakhil Ahamed, J. S. Anamika","doi":"10.1002/bio.70394","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70394","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The current study utilizes Box–Behnken design (BBD) to optimize zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles biogenic synthesis from <i>Centratherum punctatum</i> leaf extract. The study also explores the biogenically generated zinc oxide nanoparticles from <i>C. punctatum</i> at optimized conditions evaluated for anti-oxidant, antimicrobial, and photocatalytic dye degradation properties. Optimized parametric conditions for zinc oxide nanoparticles from <i>C. punctatum</i> were zinc nitrate (50 mM), incubation time (24 h), temperature (75°C), and pH (8). Biogenic ZnO NP characterization revealed that hexagonal wurtzite morphology was 50–70 nm in size, showing characteristic absorption at 302 nm. Further, biogenically synthesized zinc oxide nanoparticles from <i>C. punctatum</i> screened for anti-oxidant properties using the DPPH spectrophotometric method revealed that ZnO NP possesses an equipotent IC<sub>50</sub> value as the reference standard compared with the <i>C. punctatum</i> plant leaf extract IC<sub>50</sub> value. Antimicrobial screening of ZnO NP shows its maximal zone of inhibition against clinical pathogens compared with standard tetracycline antibiotic. ZnO NP showed 94% degradation efficiency for rhodamine B dye under photocatalytic degradation condition in 100 min incubation. Biogenically synthesized ZnO nanoparticles from <i>C. punctatum</i> leaf extract showed excellent antimicrobial and photocatalytic dye degradation useful for both medical and environmental applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"40 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145851416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LuminescencePub Date : 2025-12-25DOI: 10.1002/bio.70395
Rajanee Nakum, Lata Rana, Bigyan Ranjan Jali, Suban K. Sahoo
{"title":"Water-Soluble One-Pot Green Synthesis of Collagen Stabilized Copper Nanoclusters for Selective Fluorescent Turn-Off Detection of Iron(III)","authors":"Rajanee Nakum, Lata Rana, Bigyan Ranjan Jali, Suban K. Sahoo","doi":"10.1002/bio.70395","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70395","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The affordable and readily available 3d metal copper with collagen as a stabilizing agent demonstrates the effective production of fluorescent copper nanoclusters. A facile one-pot green approach has been developed to obtain collagen-stabilized fluorescent copper nanoclusters (Collagen-CuNCs). The fluorescent Collagen-CuNCs were characterized by different methods, such as HR-TEM, FT-IR, XPS, UV–Vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The metal ions selectivity of Collagen-CuNCs was examined in an aqueous medium by adding Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Hg<sup>2+</sup>, Cd<sup>2+</sup>, Pb<sup>2+</sup>, Co<sup>2+</sup>, Ni<sup>2+</sup>, Cu<sup>2+</sup>, Zn<sup>2+</sup>, Fe<sup>3+</sup>, Cr<sup>3+</sup>, Al<sup>3+</sup>, and Fe<sup>2+</sup> ions. Ferric ions selectively quenched the fluorescence emission of Collagen-CuNCs (λ<sub>em</sub> = 480 nm), among other tested metal ions. The fluorescence quenching mechanism was investigated using Stern-Volmer analysis and time-resolved fluorescence. With a nanomolar detection limit of 0.14 nM, the developed nanoprobe Collagen-CuNCs was employed to quantify Fe<sup>3+</sup> ions in spiked blood serum.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"40 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145835257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LuminescencePub Date : 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1002/bio.70393
Sherif Ramzy, Manal E. Alosaimi, Maram H. Abduljabbar, Reem M. Alnemari, Eid Alatwi, Atiah H. Almalki
{"title":"Eco-Friendly Fluorescent Probe-Based Quantification of Ceftobiprole Medocaril: Greenness Assessment and Pharmacokinetic Study in Rats","authors":"Sherif Ramzy, Manal E. Alosaimi, Maram H. Abduljabbar, Reem M. Alnemari, Eid Alatwi, Atiah H. Almalki","doi":"10.1002/bio.70393","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70393","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A sustainable and highly sensitive spectrofluorimetric method was developed for the determination of ceftobiprole medocaril, a fifth-generation cephalosporin, in pharmaceutical dosage form and rat plasma samples. This approach utilizes carbon quantum dots functionalized through ion-pair formation with ceftobiprole and tetraphenylborate, creating a selective fluorescent probe. Quantification is based on a measurable decrease in fluorescence intensity at 450 nm following excitation at 365 nm, resulting from the interaction between the drug and the probe. Method parameters were systematically optimized and validated according to ICH guidelines, demonstrating excellent linearity (0.25–2.00 μg/mL), sensitivity (LOD = 0.07 μg/mL), and precision. The method was successfully applied to pharmacokinetic analysis in Wistar rats following a single 50-mg/kg intravenous infusion over 5 min. Pharmacokinetic parameters including C<sub>max</sub> (45 μg/mL), T<sub>max</sub> (0.25 h), half-life (3.17 h), and systemic clearance (0.45 L/h/kg) were obtained using non-compartmental analysis. Greenness evaluation using AGREE and GAPI tools confirmed the method's minimal environmental impact. The results affirm the method's applicability for routine quality control, therapeutic monitoring, and preclinical pharmacokinetic studies.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"40 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145811899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Colorimetric Detection of Acid Phosphatase Using Nanoparticle CuNCs as Peroxidase Mimicking Activity","authors":"Jinhua Fu, Gengneng Lai, Fang Ke, Zhibin Zhao, Xiuzhi Xu","doi":"10.1002/bio.70396","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70396","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Acid phosphatase (ACP) serves as a critical biomarker for disease diagnosis, yet conventional detection methods face limitations in cost and complexity. Copper nanoclusters (CuNCs), leveraging Earth-abundance, low expense, and noble metal-like catalytic properties, offer an ideal nanozyme platform. This study harnesses the intrinsic peroxidase mimicking activity of CuNCs to construct a visual colorimetric sensor for ACP detection. CuNCs oxidize the substrate 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to generate a blue chromogen (λmax = 654 nm). ACP introduction triggers reduction of this chromogen, diminishing both color intensity and absorbance. The optimized sensor achieves a linear detection range of 0–6 U/L with a detection limit of 0.027 U/L, demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity. This CuNCs-based platform provides a rapid, low-cost, and operationally simple approach for ACP quantification, highlighting significant potential for clinical diagnostics.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"40 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145811911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LuminescencePub Date : 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1002/bio.70398
Rajesh, Raj Singh, Suman Swami, Shikha Bhogal
{"title":"Nitrogen and Sulfur Codoped Carbon Dots Graphitic Carbon Nitride Composites for Fluorescence Sensing of Mercury Ions","authors":"Rajesh, Raj Singh, Suman Swami, Shikha Bhogal","doi":"10.1002/bio.70398","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70398","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A facile <i>“turn-off”</i> fluorescence sensing approach based on nitrogen and sulfur codoped carbon dots intercalated into graphitic carbon nitride (N, S-CDs@gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>) has been developed for the selective and sensitive detection of mercury ions (Hg<sup>2+</sup>). The sensor offers the synergistic interaction between N, S-CDs and gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub>, where nitrogen and sulfur doping not only enhances fluorescence properties but also promotes strong Hg-S and Hg-N binding affinity. Upon interaction with Hg<sup>2+</sup> the fluorescence of the N, S-CDs@gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> composite is significantly quenched via static quenching mechanism (excitation/emission at 370/425 nm). The sensor shows a linear response to Hg<sup>2+</sup> in the range of 1.0–7.2 μM (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.99) with a limit of detection of 0.421 μM. The method was successfully applied to detect Hg<sup>2+</sup> in spiked tap and canal water samples at concentrations of 1.01, 2.84, and 4.47 µM, yielding recoveries of 98.89%–99.21% (RSD: 0.74%–2.26%) for tap water and 96.76%–98.03% (RSD: 0.61%–1.59%) for canal water. These results demonstrate the potential of N, S-CDs@gC<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> for real-time application of Hg<sup>2+</sup>.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"40 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145811916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LuminescencePub Date : 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1002/bio.70387
Bhawna, Shailesh Narain Sharma, A. S. Rao
{"title":"Engineering Red-Emitting Bi7Ti4NbO21:Eu3+ Phosphors for Dual Applications in Solid-State Illumination and Temperature Sensing","authors":"Bhawna, Shailesh Narain Sharma, A. S. Rao","doi":"10.1002/bio.70387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bio.70387","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this study, orange-red emitting Eu<sup>3+</sup>-doped Bi<sub>7</sub>Ti<sub>4</sub>NbO<sub>21</sub> (bismuth titanium niobate) (BTN) phosphors were successfully synthesized via the conventional high-temperature solid-state reaction (SSR) method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed phase purity, with diffraction peaks closely matching the JCPDS Card No. 00-031-0202 for both undoped and Eu<sup>3+</sup>-doped samples. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed irregular, micrometer-sized particles with mild agglomeration, suitable for photonic applications. Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy identified key vibrational modes within the BTN matrix, while the band gap was estimated using Tauc's method from diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS). DRS also indicated electronic transitions attributed to Eu<sup>3+</sup> 4f orbitals. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements under 366-nm excitation displayed strong orange-red emission, with CIE coordinates at (0.6109, 0.3885). PL decay curves followed a bi-exponential trend at 595 nm emission, and increasing Eu<sup>3+</sup> concentration led to reduced lifetimes (τ) due to energy migration among ions. Temperature-dependent PL (TDPL) analysis showed a peak relative sensitivity of ~0.71% K<sup>−1</sup> at 298 K, highlighting potential for optical temperature sensing. The combined structural, optical, and thermal characteristics underscore the suitability of Eu<sup>3+</sup>-doped BTN phosphors for advanced solid-state lighting, particularly in white LED and thermal sensing applications.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"40 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145891549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
LuminescencePub Date : 2025-12-21DOI: 10.1002/bio.70391
Zenghui Li, Yixin Xu, Wenqin Liu, Yabing Li, Yan Lin
{"title":"A Fluorescent Sensor for Trivalent Metal Ions and Colorimetric Sensor for Cu2+ Based on a Novel Ferrocenyl Schiff Base Derivative","authors":"Zenghui Li, Yixin Xu, Wenqin Liu, Yabing Li, Yan Lin","doi":"10.1002/bio.70391","DOIUrl":"10.1002/bio.70391","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A novel fluorescent sensor ferrocenyl salicylaldehyde Schiff base derivative <b>SF-Fc</b> was designed, synthesized, and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), and SC-XRD spectroscopic analyses. The sensor was highly selective to trivalent ions Al<sup>3+</sup>, Cr<sup>3+</sup>, and Fe<sup>3+</sup> over other monovalent or divalent ions and showed fluorescence enhancement towards trivalent metal ions (Al<sup>3+</sup>, Cr<sup>3+</sup>, Fe<sup>3+</sup>) in acetonitrile (pH 6). Detection limits of probe <b>SF-Fc</b> for Al<sup>3+</sup>, Cr<sup>3+</sup>, and Fe<sup>3+</sup> were 1.2 × 10<sup>−7</sup> mol/L, 2.4 × 10<sup>−7</sup> mol/L, and 4.9 × 10<sup>−7</sup> mol/L, respectively. In addition, the sensor exhibited an obvious color change in the presence of Cu<sup>2+</sup> in acetonitrile solution, indicating a direct colorimetric naked-eye detection of Cu<sup>2+</sup> without requiring instrumental assistance. Moreover, the probe <b>SF-Fc</b> successfully detected trivalent metal ions in actual water samples, with satisfactory recovery rates (88.7%–108.9%) and relative standard deviation (RSD) values (0.34%–2.91%).</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":49902,"journal":{"name":"Luminescence","volume":"40 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145806295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}