Pediatric Exercise Science最新文献

{"title":"Erratum. Associations of Physical Activity and Sedentary Time From Childhood to Adolescence With Cognition in Adolescence: The PANIC Study.","authors":"","doi":"10.1123/pes.2026-0166","DOIUrl":"10.1123/pes.2026-0166","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49712,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioimpedance-Derived Hydration and Body Composition Shifts Across Ramadan in Competitive Swimmers Aged 6-20 Years: A Prospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Ana Anjos, Etienne Gouraud, Mohammed Al Musaabi, Ibrahim Alzaabi, Nuno Miguel Goncalves, Nour Al Mheiri, Sunitha Mysore, Abdulla Al Rahoomi","doi":"10.1123/pes.2025-0145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.2025-0145","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ramadan fasting can alter hydration, sleep, and training schedules in competitive swimmers aged 6-20 years, but evidence in swimmers is limited. This prospective cohort study investigated within-participant changes in bioelectrical impedance analysis and body composition across Ramadan in swimmers. Swimmers were assessed at 3 time points: approximately 7 days before the first day of Ramadan, during the third week of Ramadan, and approximately 14 days after Ramadan ended. Participants were 52 competitive swimmers aged 6-20 years (39 males). Phase-sensitive single-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (50 kHz) measured phase angle (A50) and resistance (R50); derived outcomes included fat-free mass, fat mass, and body mass index. Linear mixed-effects models adjusted for age and sex estimated changes versus baseline with false discovery rate control. R50 increased during (+50 Ω) and after Ramadan (+42 Ω), fat-free mass decreased (-1.86 kg and -1.41 kg), fat mass increased (+1.29 kg and +1.68 kg), A50 declined modestly after Ramadan (-0.38°), and body mass index showed no clear change. Effects were directionally consistent across sex and fasting-type subgroups. Across Ramadan, swimmers aged 6-20 years exhibited higher electrical resistance and unfavorable shifts in body composition despite stable body mass index, consistent with transient hydration/cellular stress and possible tissue-related changes that cannot be confirmed without functional or regional measures. Routine bioelectrical impedance analysis-based monitoring and targeted evening hydration, protein distribution, and light resistance training may help preserve fat-free mass during Ramadan.</p>","PeriodicalId":49712,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149128809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Test-Retest Reliability of In Vivo Structure and Mechanical Properties of the Achilles Tendon in Youth With Obesity.","authors":"Mauricio Inostroza-Mondaca, Luis Peñailillo, Gerson Neguiman-Nahuel, Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo","doi":"10.1123/pes.2025-0127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.2025-0127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To assess the test-retest reliability of in vivo Achilles tendon (AT) structure and mechanical properties in youth with obesity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (11 males; 12 females; age: 12.00 [2.07] y; body mass index z score: 2.93 [0.59]) were assessed for AT (1) length, (2) cross-sectional area, (3) moment arm, (4) force, (5) deformation, (6) stress, (7) strain, (8) stiffness, (9) Young's modulus, (10) plantar flexor maximal isometric voluntary contraction, and (11) tibialis anterior co-activation. Reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient, coefficient of variation, Bland-Altman, standard error of the measurement, and minimum detectable change. The intraclass correlation coefficient values were classified as excellent (≥.90), good (≥.75 to <.90), moderate (>.49 to <.75), and poor (≤.49). Moreover, the threshold for CV was set at < 10% to be considered excellent.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intraclass correlation coefficient ranged from .88 (P < .001) (AT stiffness) to .99 (P < .001) (AT stress), while the CV ranged from 0.91% (AT length) to 9.98% (AT Young's modulus). Bland-Altman (%) of mean bias ranged from 0.24% (AT length) to -6.65% (AT stiffness). The standard error of the measurement (%) ranged from 0.13% (AT length) to 2.96% (AT stiffness), and the minimum detectable change (%) of the mean ranged from 0.35% (AT length) to 8.20% (AT stiffness).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The in vivo measurement of AT structure and mechanical properties showed a good to excellent degree of test-retest reliability in youth with obesity.</p>","PeriodicalId":49712,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149026560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Resistance Training Skill Performance and Fitness Characteristics in Adolescent Male Lacrosse Players.","authors":"Peter J Lisman, Mary D Nadelen, Kyle M Leppert, Robert Livezey, Devon A Dobrosielski","doi":"10.1123/pes.2026-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.2026-0002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To examine the relation between Resistance Training Skills Battery (RTSB) composite scores and fitness measures and evaluate the association between individual RTSB assessment competency and maturity status in adolescent male lacrosse players.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>One hundred and thirty-four male adolescent lacrosse players underwent anthropometric, movement competency, and fitness testing. Variables included maturity offset, RTSB scores, relative hand grip strength, relative seated medicine ball throw distance, absolute and relative isometric mid-thigh pull strength, vertical jump height, and total body fat percentage. Linear regression models were used to examine the association between RTSB composite scores and fitness characteristics by maturity status (years from peak height velocity [YPHV]).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multivariate models revealed that total body fat percentage explained 42% of the variance in RTSB scores in the 0.5 YPHV group, while vertical jump height was the only predictor of RTSB performance (44%) in the 2.5 YPHV group. Significant differences in the frequency of competence were found for the push-up, suspended row, and front support with chest touch (all, P < .001), with more mature athletes (1.5 and 2.5 YPHV) outperforming the least mature (0.5 YPHV) group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Muscular power and total body fat percentage were the most significant predictors of overall movement competency in adolescent lacrosse players.</p>","PeriodicalId":49712,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elite Youth Soccer Players Outperform Subelite Peers in Fitness Measures When Matched for Age and Biological Maturity: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Eduard Bezuglov, Anton Emanov, Georgiy Malyakin, Timur Vakhidov, Tamara Dolmatova, Elizaveta Kapralova, Vyacheslav Kolesnichenko, Mikhail Vinogradov, Matvey Irinin, Ryland Morgans","doi":"10.1123/pes.2026-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.2026-0012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eighty-nine players from a leading soccer academy and 93 players from subelite level sports schools aged 11-12 years with comparable chronological and skeletal age and training experience completed the following tests: 30-m sprint with 5-, 10-, and 20-m split times; standing horizontal jump; countermovement jump; change of direction running test; and speed dribbling test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The multivariate analysis of variance revealed a significant multivariate effect across all analyzed variables (Wilks λ = 0.4978, F8,179 = 22.57, P < .001), indicating that elite players outperformed subelite players across all performance tests. The training experience of elite young soccer players was marginally higher compared with subelite players (6.56 [1.27] y and 6.17 [1.02] y, respectively, P = .023, Cohen d = 0.34). Adjusted multivariate analysis of covariance confirmed that the group effect remained significant after controlling for chronological age, skeletal age, and sports experience (Wilks λ = 0.479, F8,170 = 23.10, P < .001). Linear regression demonstrated that training experience was a weak predictor, explaining only a small proportion of the variance in all measured performance metrics (R2 < .04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Elite young soccer players demonstrate superior speed, strength, and skill compared with subelite peers of similar biological maturity. These differences remained evident after adjustment for chronological age, skeletal age, and sports experience.</p>","PeriodicalId":49712,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Meeting 24-Hour Movement Behavior Guidelines and Adiposity Among Portuguese Children.","authors":"Peter T Katzmarzyk, Jose Maia, Fernando Garbeloto, Donald Hedeker, Tiago V Barreira, Rui Garganta, Cláudio Farias, Go Tani, Jean-Philippe Chaput, Sara Pereira","doi":"10.1123/pes.2025-0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.2025-0016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To determine the association between meeting 24-hour movement guidelines and markers of adiposity in children, including body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio, and percentage body fat.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample included 910 children aged 6-10 years from Northern Portugal. Meeting the 24-hour movement guidelines was defined as (1) moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA): ≥60 minutes per day, (2) sleep: 9 to 11 hours/night, and (3) screen time: ≤2 hours per day. Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sleep duration were assessed with wrist-worn accelerometry over 7 days, and screen time was assessed by parental report.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 5.4% of the sample met none of the guidelines, whereas 23% met all 3 guidelines. Children who met individual guidelines (MVPA, screen time, and sleep) had significantly lower levels of body mass index z-scores and waist circumference, whereas those who met the MVPA and sleep guidelines had lower waist-to-height ratio. Those who met the MVPA guideline had lower percentage body fat than those who did not. There were significant linear trends (all P < .01) between the number of guidelines met (0, 1, 2, and 3) and lower levels of all markers of adiposity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found significant associations between meeting 24-hour guidelines and lower levels of adiposity among Portuguese children.</p>","PeriodicalId":49712,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Editor's Notes.","authors":"Craig A Williams","doi":"10.1123/pes.2026-0117","DOIUrl":"10.1123/pes.2026-0117","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49712,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":"237"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148537586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison Between Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Data for Changes in Anthropometric and Performance Parameters From 11 to 17 Years Old in Japanese Male Speed Skaters.","authors":"Daisuke Kumagawa, Taro Imawaka, Kazunori Nosaka","doi":"10.1123/pes.2025-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.2025-0012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The present study compared cross-sectional (CS) and longitudinal (LT) data for changes in anthropometric and performance parameters in junior speed skaters to examine how well the CS data reflects individual LT changes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The CS data consisted of 404 Japanese male skaters of 11 (n = 60), 12 (n = 67), 13 (n = 73), 14 (n = 69), 15 (n = 53), 16 (n = 40), and 17 years (n = 42) taken between 2004 and 2019. The LT data followed 11 other male skaters whose 6 consecutive year (11-17 y) data were available. Outcome measures included height, body mass, body mass index, lower limb circumferences, muscle thicknesses, maximal anaerobic power during 10-second maximal bicycle pedaling, peak speed in slide bord skating, and average ice-skating speed in 500 m.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average values of the measures were not different (P = .795-.999) between the CS and LT data at any age (eg, body mass index: 21.7 [2.0] vs 22.3 [2.3] kg/m2; anterior thigh muscle thicknesses: 60.5 [5.1] vs 60.5 [4.5] mm; maximal anaerobic power: 1022 [141] vs 1026 [164] W; average ice-skating speed in 500 m: 12.5 [0.4] vs 12.5 [0.4] m/s at 17 y). Changes in the measures from 11 to 17 years were not different (P = .750-.998) between the CS and LT data.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that the CS data approximate individual developmental trends, when cohort bias is adequately controlled, but cannot substitute for LT analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":49712,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148473738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective Study Exploring Changes in Respiratory Rate and Tidal Volume During Exercise Testing in Patients With Unexplained Exercise Intolerance.","authors":"William Durbin, Karla Foster, Elliot Brown, Adam W Powell, William D Hardie","doi":"10.1123/pes.2025-0071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1123/pes.2025-0071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Dysfunctional breathing contributes to exercise intolerance (EI) but is difficult to diagnose. We developed a novel approach to evaluate the ventilatory response during cardiopulmonary exercise tests (CPET), measuring the average change in respiratory rate (RR) relative to the change in tidal volume (Vt). We hypothesized that this RR:Vt slope ratio will uncover unique ventilatory responses among different groups of patients experiencing EI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An exploratory retrospective review was conducted on CPET for patients with EI from January 2017 to July 2024. Demographics, spirometry, CPET, and auscultatory findings of stridor during exercise were compared among patients with an elevated RR:Vt to patients with a lower RR:Vt ratio with and without stridor.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CPET from 65 patients, mean age 14.8 (9-20) years, were compared among those with an elevated RR:Vt ratio (21 patients, ratio 43.0) and patients with a lower RR:Vt ratio with stridor (19 patients, ratio 22.6) and without stridor (25 patients, ratio 22.1). Patients with an elevated RR:Vt were younger with reduced Vt and minute ventilation expansion at peak exercise with no differences in peak oxygen uptake.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Groups of patients with EI exhibit a higher RR:Vt ratio, reflecting an altered breathing pattern that may be consistent with dysfunctional breathing.</p>","PeriodicalId":49712,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148473805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of High-Intensity Interval Training on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Youth With Overweight/Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Alireza Paahoo, Vahid Tadibi, Todd A Astorino, Fatima Cody Stanford, Ali Bahraminia, António Videira-Silva, David Thivel","doi":"10.1123/pes.2025-0123","DOIUrl":"10.1123/pes.2025-0123","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood and adolescent obesity is a major global health concern that contributes to early atherosclerotic changes and increased cardiometabolic risk. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as a time-efficient intervention that can improve cardiometabolic outcomes. However, its effectiveness on cardiometabolic risk markers, including atherosclerotic indicators in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity, remains inconclusive. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to analyze the impact of HIIT on cardiometabolic markers in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, SportDiscus, Cochrane, Embase, and Scopus through June 2025. Randomized and nonrandomized controlled trials examining HIIT interventions lasting ≥2 weeks in apparently healthy children and adolescents (aged 8-19 y) with overweight/obesity (body mass index ≥ 85th percentile) were included. Data were synthesized using Hedges' g to calculate effect sizes, with subgroup analyses comparing HIIT versus moderate-intensity interval training, moderate-intensity continuous training, school-based exercise, and pre-post intervention values. Subgroup meta-analyses for specific comparators were performed when data from more than one study were available.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty studies involving 889 participants (M and F) were included. HIIT significantly improved (P ≤ .04) anthropometric indicators (body mass: g = -0.51; body mass index: g = -0.61; body fat percentage: g = -0.69; waist circumference: g = -0.38), blood pressure (systolic: g = -0.63; diastolic: g = -0.42), lipid profile (total cholesterol: g = -0.72; triglycerides: g = -0.63; lipoprotein cholesterol: g = -0.63; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol: g = +0.57), and glycemic markers (glucose: g = -0.27; insulin: g = -0.70; homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance: g = -0.57), as well as enhancing cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2peak: g = +1.52). Subgroup analyses showed a higher superiority of HIIT on most outcomes compared with moderate-intensity continuous training, but not versus moderate-intensity interval training or school-based exercise. However, comparisons with moderate-intensity interval training and school-based exercise were based on a limited number of studies. Moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 48%-73%) was observed across outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data show that HIIT is an effective strategy for improving cardiometabolic health in children and adolescents with overweight/obesity as it significantly reduces blood lipids and improves body composition, glycemic control, and cardiorespiratory fitness, with this effect often surpassing that of traditional moderate-intensity continuous training protocols. Further studies should identify optimal HIIT protocols and explore long-term benefits to develop clinical guidelines.</p>","PeriodicalId":49712,"journal":{"name":"Pediatric Exercise Science","volume":" ","pages":"361-376"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148425876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}