Can Training Background Offset the Disadvantage Associated With Relative Age Effect on Perceptual-Cognitive Skills From Childhood Into Adolescence?

IF 1.3 4区医学 Q3 PEDIATRICS

Pediatric Exercise Science Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI:10.1123/pes.2025-0004

Xiaoyu Zhang, Freddy Maso, Brigitte Ekpe-Lordonnois, Tom Poncelet, Gael Ennequin, Anthony J Blazevich, Sébastien Ratel

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the extent to which relative age effect (RAE) impacts the development of perceptual-cognitive skills and how training background may potentially offset RAE from childhood into adolescence.

Method: One hundred sixty-five 10- to 16-year-old male participants were divided into 8 groups based on their birth quartiles (BQ1 [January-March], BQ2 [April-June], BQ3 [July-September], and BQ4 [October-December]) and training background (moderately trained: 1-2 sessions/wk and well-trained: 4-5 sessions/wk). Their perceptual-cognitive skills were evaluated using a 3D multiple-object tracking task (ie, the NeuroTracker [NT]) with (3D) and without (2D) stereopsis.

Results: In moderately trained children, NT scores progressively decreased from BQ1 to BQ4, with a significant difference between the first 3 birth quartiles and BQ4 (P < .01), independent of stereopsis. In well-trained children, however, no significant differences were detected in NT scores between quartiles, and well-trained children in BQ4 exhibited NT scores comparable to moderately trained children in the first 3 quartiles.

Conclusion: RAE showed a significant disadvantage on the perceptual-cognitive scores in moderately trained children born in BQ4. However, well-trained children born in BQ4 performed similarly to other well-trained children and to moderately trained children born in the first 3 birth quartiles, meaning that training background may offset the disadvantage associated with RAE from childhood into adolescence.

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训练背景能否抵消儿童期至青春期感知认知技能相对年龄效应的不利影响？

目的：本研究的目的是探讨相对年龄效应（RAE）在多大程度上影响感知认知技能的发展，以及训练背景如何潜在地抵消儿童期到青春期的RAE。方法：根据出生四分位数（BQ1[1- 3月]，BQ2[4- 6月]，BQ3[7 - 9月]，BQ4[10- 12月]）和训练背景（中等训练：1-2次/周，良好训练：4-5次/周），将165名10- 16岁男性参与者分为8组。他们的感知认知能力是通过3D多目标跟踪任务（即神经追踪器[NT]）进行评估的，有（3D）和没有（2D）立体视觉。结果：在中等训练的儿童中，NT评分从BQ1到BQ4逐渐下降，前3个出生四分位数与BQ4之间存在显著差异（P < 0.01），与立体视觉无关。然而，在训练良好的儿童中，在四分位数之间没有发现显著差异，并且在BQ4中训练良好的儿童在前3个四分位数中表现出与中等训练儿童相当的NT分数。结论：RAE对出生在BQ4的中等训练儿童的感知认知得分有显著的不利影响。然而，出生在BQ4的训练有素的儿童与其他训练有素的儿童以及出生在前3个出生四分位数的中等训练的儿童表现相似，这意味着训练背景可能抵消从童年到青春期与RAE相关的劣势。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Pediatric Exercise Science 医学-生理学

CiteScore

2.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Pediatric Exercise Science is a journal committed to enriching the scientific knowledge of exercise during childhood and adolescence. To this end it publishes information that contributes to an understanding of (a) the unique aspects of the physiologic, physical, biochemical, and psychologic responses of children to exercise, (b) the role of exercise in the treatment of pediatric chronic diseases, (c) the importance of physical activity in the prevention of illness and preservation of wellness, and (d) the means by which participation in sports may be made safer and more enjoyable for children and youth. Consideration will be given for publication of work by various methodologies consistent with the scientific approach. Besides original research, the journal includes review articles, abstracts from other journals, book reviews, and editorial comments. Pediatric Exercise Science encourages the expression of conflicting opinions regarding children and exercise by providing a forum for alternative viewpoints. At the same time it serves as a means of accumulating a base of research information that will allow application of experimental data to clinical practice. The scientific disciplines contributing to this body of knowledge are diverse. Therefore it is the purpose of this journal to provide a common focus for disseminating advances in the science of exercise during childhood. In doing so, the journal allows the opportunity for cross-fertilization of ideas between disciplines that will potentiate the growth of knowledge in this field. Pediatric Exercise Science seeks to stimulate new ideas regarding exercise in children and to increase the awareness of scientists, health care providers, and physical educators of the importance of exercise during childhood.