Physical Therapy in Sport最新文献

{"title":"Maturation and biomechanical risk factors associated with anterior cruciate ligament injury: Is there a link? A systematic review","authors":"Anna J. Butcher ,&nbsp;Sarah Ward ,&nbsp;Tracey Clissold ,&nbsp;Jim Richards ,&nbsp;Kim Hébert-Losier","doi":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To establish the potential link between sex-specific maturation and biomechanical factors associated with ACL injury during dynamic tasks.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Systematic review.</p></div><div><h3>Literature search</h3><p>Five databases (CINHAL®, Cochrane Library, PubMed®, Scopus®, and SPORTDiscus) were searched and monitored until 27 May 2024.</p></div><div><h3>Study selection criteria</h3><p>Cross-sectional, cohort, case-control, or interventional studies reporting one or more biomechanical variable linked with ACL injury and which assessed participants across two or more maturation phases were considered eligible.</p></div><div><h3>Data synthesis</h3><p>Studies were assessed for risk of bias using a modified version of the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and overall quality of evidence was rated using GRADE. Metrics and effect sizes were presented where available.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Eighteen included studies examined 400 males, 1377 females, and 315 participants of undefined sex across various maturation phases. The methodological quality of most studies (n = 16) was considered good, and satisfactory for two. Knee abduction angle, knee abduction moment, knee flexion angle, and ground reaction forces were most commonly reported. Knee abduction angles and moments and knee flexion angles were greater in late and post-pubertal females than males and pre-pubertal females during both landing and cutting tasks. When normalised for body mass, ground reaction forces were generally greater in males compared to females overall and for less mature participants for both sexes. Overall quality of evidence was low or medium across the four biomechanical measures.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Sex-specific maturation considerations are important in the targeted development and implementation of ACL injury risk identification and prevention strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Therapy in Sport","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 31-50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1466853X24000646/pdfft?md5=d2d1b95e55d6e27e2c0d4f1726184a64&pid=1-s2.0-S1466853X24000646-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141410794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adolescents' experience with sports-related pain and injury: A systematic review of qualitative research","authors":"Niamh Sheehan PT, BSc ,&nbsp;Ryan Summersby PT, BSc ,&nbsp;Chris Bleakley PT, PhD ,&nbsp;Brian Caulfield PT, PhD ,&nbsp;Mark Matthews PT, PhD ,&nbsp;Natalie Klempel PhD ,&nbsp;Sinead Holden PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aim of this review is to synthesise qualitative studies examining adolescents' experience with pain and injury arising from sports participation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This review was registered on Open Science Framework prior to data extraction. A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and SPORTDiscus was conducted. Studies were appraised using the CASP (critical appraisal skills programme) checklist. Data was synthesised using a meta aggregation.</p></div><div><h3>Study selection criteria</h3><p>Inclusion criteria included studies related to adolescents aged 14–19yrs with sports related pain/injury, employed a qualitative design, full text publications in English.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Sixteen studies of 216 participants were included. Studies investigated severe knee injuries, concussion, or other musculoskeletal injuries. Synthesised findings show that, regardless of injury type, adolescents experience a mix of positive (motivation to rehab and return to sport, optimism) and negative emotions (fear of re-injury, isolation, depressive responses) throughout recovery. Common coping strategies were to ignore symptoms, modify activity levels, or seek support.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Sports-related pain and injury has a multifaceted effect on the adolescent athlete. There is a pervasive fear of re-injury and social isolation, but the desire to return to sports is facilitated through motivation and support. Peer motivation effects the willingness of the adolescent to persist with rehabilitation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Therapy in Sport","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 7-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1466853X24000543/pdfft?md5=187ead816c221ac580e155f38eb83225&pid=1-s2.0-S1466853X24000543-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pattern of strength recovery differences Exist in Adolescent athletes after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction when using quadriceps versus Hamstring tendon autograft","authors":"Elliot M. Greenberg ,&nbsp;Joshua Bram ,&nbsp;Christopher J. DeFrancesco ,&nbsp;Kevin Landrum ,&nbsp;Alexandra Stevens ,&nbsp;Theodore J. Ganley","doi":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.05.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To compare the timeline for post-operative quadriceps and hamstrings strength recovery following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) using either a quadriceps tendon (QT) or hamstring tendon (HT) autograft.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Patients (≤18 years) who underwent ACLR using autograft QT or HT were included. Isokinetic strength was extracted at 3, 6, and 12 months post-operatively. Effects of time and graft type on quadriceps or hamstring limb symmetry index (qLSI/hLSI) was assessed with two-way repeated measures ANOVA. Between group differences at each time point were assessed with unpaired t-tests. Chi-square and Kaplan-Meir analysis analyzed the proportions of subjects able to achieve ≥90% LSI.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 75 subjects (QT n = 38 HT n = 37,15.8 years) were included. There were significant differences in qLSI, with greater symmetry within the HT group at all time points. A higher proportion of subjects with HT grafts were able to achieve ≥90% qLSI within 12 months of surgery (81% vs 45%, p = 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Compared to those with HT autografts, adolescents with QT autografts demonstrate a prolonged timeline for quadriceps recovery. While mean strength values above 90% are achieved, a significantly lower percentage of QT patients are able to achieve 90% qLSI by 12 months post-op.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Therapy in Sport","volume":"68 ","pages":"Pages 1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141249553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Return to sports after an ACL reconstruction in 2024 – A glass half full? A narrative review","authors":"Wouter Welling","doi":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A successful return to sports (RTS) after an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) is multifactorial, and therefore difficult and challenging. Unfortunately, low percentages of patients RTS, and for those who succeed, one-fifth of patients will sustain a second ACL injury. Over the past years, test batteries were developed to assess whether patients can RTS with a low risk for a second ACL injury risk. Low rates of patients who meet RTS criteria were found, coupled with the insufficiency of current RTS test batteries in predicting second ACL injuries suggesting poor sensitivity. The result of an RTS test is likely to reflect the content of a rehabilitation program, raising critical questions regarding what we are offering patients within the rehabilitation programme. Are we preparing our patients well enough for the high demands of complex situations within pivoting team sports? This narrative review offers insights from key lessons of the last 15 years on 1) RTS testing, 2) the content of rehabilitation, and 3) the RTS continuum, all from a “helicopter perspective”.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Therapy in Sport","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 141-148"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1466853X2400052X/pdfft?md5=8b04c3573b9b065f77e2ea943b98e8ab&pid=1-s2.0-S1466853X2400052X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140939027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability of enhanced paper grip test for testing foot strength in volleyball and soccer players","authors":"Neža Skuk ,&nbsp;Panagiotis E. Chatzistergos ,&nbsp;Žiga Kozinc","doi":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.05.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To evaluate the reliability of the Enhanced Paper Grip Test (EPGT) for assessing foot strength in volleyball and soccer players.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>A cross-sectional observational study with repeated measurements.</p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>Field-based study.</p></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><p>A convenience sample of 28 athletes (13 volleyball players and 15 soccer players) participated in the study.</p></div><div><h3>Main outcome measures</h3><p>The main outcome measures were the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for intra-visit and inter-visit reliability, typical error, and coefficient of variation for the force (N) recorded in EPGT test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The EPGT demonstrated good to excellent relative reliability (ICC values ranged from 0.93 to 0.97) and acceptable absolute reliability (typical error = 5–8 % of the mean). Significant inter-limb asymmetries were observed in both volleyball (16.0 ± 10.2%) and soccer players (15.3 ± 9.8%).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The EPGT is a reliable tool for assessing foot strength in volleyball and soccer players. Further research is required to explore the applicability of EPGT in different athletic and clinical contexts, and its potential role in athletic performance and injury prevention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Therapy in Sport","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 155-160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141164364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rehabilitation and return-to-sport after anterior cruciate ligament injury and reconstruction: Exploring physical therapists’ approaches in Argentina","authors":"Eduardo Tondelli ,&nbsp;Alejo Feroldi ,&nbsp;Felipe García ,&nbsp;Franco Meza ,&nbsp;Bart Dingenen","doi":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To investigate the current clinical practice regarding pre- and post-surgical rehabilitation and return to sport (RTS) criteria following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR).</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Cross-sectional design. Online survey.</p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>Survey platform.</p></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><p>Argentinian physical therapists (PTs).</p></div><div><h3>Outcome measures</h3><p>The survey consisted of a combination of 39 open- and closed-ended questions, divided across 3 sections: (1) demographic and professional information, (2) clinical practice and rehabilitation strategies, and (3) return-to-running (RTR) and RTS.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 619 PTs completed the survey. Considerable variability was observed in preoperative rehabilitation, criteria used for rehabilitation progression and RTS decision-making criteria used by PTs. From the total surveyed, 336 (54.3%) carried out RTS assessment in their clinical practice. Most of PTs (53.3%) use visual estimation to assess knee range of motion. Only 20% of the PTs reported incorporating patient-reported outcome measures in their decision-making. From PTs who use strength assessment as a criterion of RTS (68.8%), 16.6% extrapolate this from jump tests and 15.3% use manual muscle testing. Less than the 50% of the PTs recommended nine months or more to allow patients to RTS.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Current rehabilitation practices of Argentinian PTs following ACLR are largely variable and not aligned with current evidence and scientific guidelines. To achieve better rehabilitation and RTS practices better knowledge dissemination and implementation are required.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Therapy in Sport","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 131-140"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140759448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greater changes in self-reported activity level are associated with decreased quality of life in patients following an anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction","authors":"Rachel E. Cherelstein ,&nbsp;Sophia Ulman ,&nbsp;Christopher M. Kuenze ,&nbsp;Matthew S. Harkey ,&nbsp;Lauren S. Butler","doi":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To determine the association between change in physical activity level, as defined as the change from pre-to post-operative Tegner Activity Scale, and quality of life (QOL) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR), before patients are cleared for return to sport.</p></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><p>1198 participants (42.9% male; 18.7 ± 3.6 years; 7.1 ± 3.7 months post-ACLR).</p></div><div><h3>Main outcome measures</h3><p>Surveys included Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score QOL (KOOS-QOL) subscale and Tegner Activity Scale. KOOS-QOL score ≥62.5 is considered as meeting a previously established patient acceptable symptom state.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The acceptable KOOS-QOL group reported a significantly smaller decrease in activity level from pre-injury to time of data collection (median: 2.00, IQR: 2.00) than the unacceptable KOOS-QOL group (median: 3.00, IQR: 3.00). Across the full cohort, for every one-point larger decrease in Tegner score from pre-to post-ACLR, there is a 52% increase in the odds of having an unacceptable KOOS-QOL score. For adolescents, the odds increase to 60% while the odds for adults were lower at 39%.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Following ACLR, greater decreases in physical activity level are associated with poorer QOL for both adolescents and adults at short-term follow-up, and this effect is larger amongst adolescents.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Therapy in Sport","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 149-154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140773330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of factors from different time points on psychological readiness following ACL reconstruction","authors":"Haleigh M. Hopper ,&nbsp;Amelia S. Bruce Leicht ,&nbsp;Xavier D. Thompson ,&nbsp;F. Winston Gwathmey ,&nbsp;Mark D. Miller ,&nbsp;Brian C. Werner ,&nbsp;Stephen F. Brockmeier ,&nbsp;David R. Diduch ,&nbsp;Joseph M. Hart","doi":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to examine factors correlated with psychological readiness to return to activity after ACLR.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>cross sectional study.</p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>controlled laboratory.</p></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><p>164 patients (82 M/82 F, 22.5 ± 8.9yr, 171.6 ± 11.0 cm, 77.4 ± 18.6 kg, 8.6 ± 3.4 months post-ACLR) participated in this study after a primary, isolated, and uncomplicated ACLR.</p></div><div><h3>Main outcome measures</h3><p>ACL Return to Sport Index (ACL-RSI).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>ACL-RSI scores demonstrated a weak positive correlation with activity level at the time of injury and a fair positive correlation with activity level at the time of post-operative testing (<em>p</em>-values: 0.004, &lt;0.001). ACL-RSI scores showed a statistically significant fair negative correlation with pain and a moderate negative correlation with kinesiophobia during rehabilitation (<em>p</em>-values: &lt;0.001, &lt;0.001). There was no statistical significance between ACL-RSI and the surgical variables (<em>p</em>-value range: 0.10–0.61).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Outcomes from testing during postoperative rehabilitation were most correlated with psychological readiness to return to activity after ACLR. Increased pain and kinesiophobia were associated with a decreased psychological readiness. Increased activity level prior to injury and activity level at the time of testing during rehabilitation were both correlated with increased psychological readiness. Psychological readiness to return to activity may need to be customized based on potentially modifiable patient-specific factors during the post-operative rehabilitation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Therapy in Sport","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 161-166"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141134409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injury profiles in sub-elite Women's Cricket: Exploring incidence, prevalence, nature, onset and body region","authors":"Jolandi Jacobs ,&nbsp;Benita Olivier ,&nbsp;Corlia Brandt","doi":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The rise in participation in sports, like women's cricket, is linked with increased injury risk. Providing high-level longitudinal data is the first step in implementing evidence-based injury prevention strategies.</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Prospective cohort study.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This cohort study aims to describe the injury profiles in sub-elite women's cricket in South Africa during the 2022/23 season.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Injuries were prospectively recorded using injury surveillance questionnaires, injury surveillance database, and logbooks completed by each team's medical staff. Injury rates were investigated for match and training days, body region, player role, nature, and activity at the time of injury.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Three teams with a total of 44 players (20.86 ± 1.6 years) were included in the study. Injury incidence was 85.23 per 1000 player match days, 15.91 for match time-loss and 69.32 for non-time-loss, with 2.95% of players unavailable for match selection on any day. Fast bowlers had the highest injury incidence. Fielding caused 46.67% of all injuries. Injury incidence was higher in training than in matches. The wrist/hand had the highest injury incidence and caused the most match time-loss.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study provides valuable insights regarding the current injury rates in sub-elite female cricket players.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Therapy in Sport","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 125-130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1466853X2400049X/pdfft?md5=9fef5a34c120b47ca9d13007feb1adb7&pid=1-s2.0-S1466853X2400049X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140764067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validity of a commercially available load cell dynamometer in measuring isometric knee extension torque in patients with knee disorders","authors":"John A. Center,&nbsp;Richard W. Willy,&nbsp;Audrey R.C. Elias,&nbsp;John J. Mischke","doi":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ptsp.2024.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Assess the validity of hand-held dynamometry (HHD) and the Tindeq Progressor (TP) in assessing peak isometric knee extension torque and limb symmetry index (LSI) versus isokinetic dynamometer (IKD).</p></div><div><h3>Design</h3><p>Prospective cross-sectional study.</p></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><p>Laboratory.</p></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><p>31 individuals with unilateral knee disorders (21 female; 28.3 ± 11 years).</p></div><div><h3>Main outcome measures</h3><p>Peak isometric knee extension torque; Knee extension LSI.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Strong to almost perfect (p &lt; 0.001) correlations (Cohen's Kappa <em>k</em>) with IKD were found for both devices for peak torque of the uninvolved limb (HHD [<em>k</em> = 0.84], TP [<em>k</em> = 0.91]) and involved limb (HHD [<em>k</em> = 0.93], TP [<em>k</em> = 0.98]). For LSI, moderate to strong (p &lt; 0.001) correlations with IKD were found for HHD (<em>k</em> = 0.79) and TP (<em>k</em> = 0.89). Mean bias errors were equivalent for determining LSI (HHD = 0.02%; TP = 0.03%). Both HHD and TP were highly sensitive (96.2–100.0%) and specific (100.0%) at the 70% LSI threshold. TP showed higher sensitivity and specificity at the 90% LSI threshold.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>HHD and TP are valid in measuring isometric knee extension torque with the reference standard IKD. TP showed superior validity in identifying LSI. TP also shows greater specificity in identifying the 90% LSI threshold.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49698,"journal":{"name":"Physical Therapy in Sport","volume":"67 ","pages":"Pages 167-173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140784150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}