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Violence reduction, revisiting a public health approach 减少暴力,重新审视公共卫生方针
IF 3.2 3区 医学
Public Health Pub Date : 2025-08-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105871
Eddie Kane , Mr Jack Cattell , Graham Durcan , Mr Jon Parry
{"title":"Violence reduction, revisiting a public health approach","authors":"Eddie Kane ,&nbsp;Mr Jack Cattell ,&nbsp;Graham Durcan ,&nbsp;Mr Jon Parry","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Propose and test an alternative method for identifying population targets for public health model derived violence reduction programmes.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Quantitative and qualitative focused on neighbourhoods in the 75th percentile of violence or higher, using Lower Super Output Areas (LSOAs) as the data collection/integration focus.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cluster analysis to group similar LSOAs together. Significant factors in the regression analysis plus violence rates were entered into a k-means cluster analysis creating five groupings and a short list to include in the quantitative and qualitative arms.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Local Government Area (LGA) or a city-wide perspective, masks locations with high violence rates and misses potential solutions. Crime and violence are more prevalent in areas with high deprivation, poor design of housing and space associated with isolation and fear. Less considered violence vectors were identified.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Deprivation was the strongest predictor of violence, but there are highly deprived areas that do not have high levels of violence and conversely high-violence neighbourhoods in non-deprived areas. A granular and dynamic understanding of these patterns should form the basis of future investment and intervention efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 105871"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144830952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A policy perspective on household food security measures (extent, severity, and correlates): A population-based survey in Western Australia 家庭粮食安全措施的政策视角(范围、严重性和相关性):西澳大利亚州一项基于人口的调查
IF 3.2 3区 医学
Public Health Pub Date : 2025-08-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105895
Liyuwork M. Dana , David Lawrence , Deborah A. Kerr , Jane Fry , Jeromey Temple , Timothy Landrigan , Claire E. Pulker , Christina M. Pollard
{"title":"A policy perspective on household food security measures (extent, severity, and correlates): A population-based survey in Western Australia","authors":"Liyuwork M. Dana ,&nbsp;David Lawrence ,&nbsp;Deborah A. Kerr ,&nbsp;Jane Fry ,&nbsp;Jeromey Temple ,&nbsp;Timothy Landrigan ,&nbsp;Claire E. Pulker ,&nbsp;Christina M. Pollard","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To compare the extent, severity and correlates with household food insecurity among Western Australian adults using the U.S. and Canadian Household Food Security Survey Module (HFSSM) coding systems and assess their suitability for government policy considerations.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Continuous cross-sectional population representative computer-assisted telephone interviews.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Between 2017 and 2021, the United States Department of Agriculture's HFSSM was added to the Western Australian Health and Wellbeing Surveillance System in addition to the usual single item measure. Weighted population estimates of the extent and severity of food insecurity were calculated (n = 8684 households), and demographics, socio-economic and lifestyle-related health risk factors were analysed using bivariable regression models, with multivariable models fitted to assess associations for both the U.S. and Canadian coding systems.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Food insecurity prevalence was 3.0, 3.6 and 5.1 percent using the single item, U.S. and Canadian schemes, respectively. There are significant differences between HFSSM classification schemes (<em>p=0.04)</em>, the U.S. reported 1.8 % for both of moderate and severe, compared to 3.4 % moderate and 1.7 % severe with the Canadian. A significantly higher proportion of food insecurity was reported among households with children. Both systems found significant positive associations with inability to save money, low educational attainment, low income, not owning a house, higher Body Mass Index, stressful life events, and psychological distress (<em>p&lt;0.05</em>), with the strength of associations lower using the Canadian system<strong>.</strong></div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Dimensionality and thresholds applied in HFSSM classification influence the extent and severity of food insecurity reported. Robust definition of the policy problem, the first step in policy deliberations, is critical. Findings highlight the importance of instrument and choice of classification scheme in defining the problem and the inadequacy of the single item measure routinely used in Australia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 105895"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144810308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Unveiling hidden cases: Hospital screening as a proxy for SARS-CoV-2 incidence in the general population 揭露隐藏病例:医院筛查作为普通人群中SARS-CoV-2发病率的代表
IF 3.2 3区 医学
Public Health Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105903
Juliane Mees , Michael Eisenmann , Tamara Pscheidl , Anna Höhn , Sina Ebert , Nina Roth , Vera Rauschenberger , Julia Reusch , Nils Petri , Stefanie Kampmeier , Isabell Wagenhäuser , Manuel Krone
{"title":"Unveiling hidden cases: Hospital screening as a proxy for SARS-CoV-2 incidence in the general population","authors":"Juliane Mees ,&nbsp;Michael Eisenmann ,&nbsp;Tamara Pscheidl ,&nbsp;Anna Höhn ,&nbsp;Sina Ebert ,&nbsp;Nina Roth ,&nbsp;Vera Rauschenberger ,&nbsp;Julia Reusch ,&nbsp;Nils Petri ,&nbsp;Stefanie Kampmeier ,&nbsp;Isabell Wagenhäuser ,&nbsp;Manuel Krone","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>During the COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2 incidence served as a critical metric for monitoring the epidemiological situation and guiding public health policies. However, as testing requirements and strategies evolved throughout the pandemic, an increasing number of SARS-CoV-2 infections may have remained undetected. This study investigates alternative indicators for estimating unreported SARS-CoV-2 infections.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>This study uses a retrospective observational approach, analysing SARS-CoV-2 incidence data from different population groups to determine correlations and identify potential proxy indicators for incidence in the general population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Monthly SARS-CoV-2 incidence rates from January 03, 2020 to April 30, 2023 in the general Bavarian population were compared with incidence rates among three reference populations at a Bavarian tertiary care hospital: healthcare workers (HCWs), inpatients, and visitors. Correlations and cross-correlations were calculated to assess the potential of these datasets as proxies for estimating general population incidence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The general population reported incidence was highly correlated with the HCWs (r = 0.84) and the inpatient incidence (r = 0.81), while visitor incidence exhibited a weaker correlation (r = 0.35). Restricting analysis to data up to March 2022 – used as a reference point after which the general population reported incidence consistently fell below the indicator-based incidences – the correlations increased for HCWs (r = 0.92) and inpatients (r = 0.92).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The 2022 reversal of incidence data indicates an underreporting of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Screening data from tertiary care hospitals are an important public health strategy for estimating current incidence rates, especially in the post-pandemic period, even when case monitoring is stopped or decompensated. Incidence rates among HCWs and inpatients in low-threshold testing environments are reliable proxies for general population reported incidence, offering valuable insights into SARS-CoV-2 and other acute respiratory viruses in the post-pandemic era.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 105903"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144779366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The increasing association of pulmonary embolism with cancer deaths: A seven-year, US-based, nationwide analysis 肺栓塞与癌症死亡的关联日益增加:一项为期7年的美国全国分析
IF 3.2 3区 医学
Public Health Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105901
Camilla Mattiuzzi , Emmanuel J. Favaloro , Giuseppe Lippi
{"title":"The increasing association of pulmonary embolism with cancer deaths: A seven-year, US-based, nationwide analysis","authors":"Camilla Mattiuzzi ,&nbsp;Emmanuel J. Favaloro ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Lippi","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To establish the association between pulmonary embolism (PE) and cancer deaths.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Retrospective, observational.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed a retrospective analysis using data from the WONDER database, analyzing the number of deaths associated with cancer and PE between 2018 and 2024 in the US, calculating mortality rates and assessing temporal trends using Poisson regression analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Out of 4,959,437 cancer-related deaths recorded in the WONDER database during the past seven years, 96,366 were associated with PE, yielding a cumulative mortality rate of 1.94 %. The highest rate of PE-associated cancer deaths was found for malignancies of uterus, followed by pancreas, stomach, lung, breast, colon and rectum, and brain. The proportion of PE associated with cancer deaths increased from 1.61 % in 2018 to 2.21 % in 2024, with average annual increase of 5.2 %. Poisson regression analysis revealed a statistically significant upward trend (r = 0.930; p &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings suggest that enhancing PE prevention remains an important clinical goal, but support also the need for further research to clarify whether this association reflects a causal relationship.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 105901"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144779367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Risks and protective factors for cognitive maintenance in men and women: A secondary analysis of the longitudinal SHARE data 男性和女性认知维持的风险和保护因素:对纵向SHARE数据的二次分析
IF 3.2 3区 医学
Public Health Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105881
Yuliya Bodryzlova , Grégory Moullec
{"title":"Risks and protective factors for cognitive maintenance in men and women: A secondary analysis of the longitudinal SHARE data","authors":"Yuliya Bodryzlova ,&nbsp;Grégory Moullec","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105881","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105881","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Maintaining good or excellent cognition is important for the autonomy and quality of life of older adults. Cognitive maintenance in later life results from the combined influence of protective and risk factors, yet broader structural contexts – such as gender, socioeconomic status (SES) and welfare regimes – may also play a crucial role. However, no study has comprehensively assessed how individual and structural factors interact to influence cognitive maintenance in older adults. This study evaluates the relative contributions of sociodemographic factors, dementia risks and protective factors, SES and welfare type to cognitive maintenance in older men and women over a four-year follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>We conducted a secondary analysis of the longitudinal data from waves 5 and 7 (2013–2017) of the Survey on Health, Aging, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cognitive maintenance was operationalized as stable good delayed recall performance over four years. A series of multilevel logistic regression models was constructed, with a country of residence included as a random effect. Analyses were stratified by gender and welfare regime to examine contextual differences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Age and SES emerged as the strongest predictors of cognitive maintenance in both genders, with a steeper SES gradient among women. The country of residence was the next most important predictor, while individual risk and protective factors contributed relatively less to the probability of cognitive maintenance. Stratification by welfare type revealed differences in cognitive maintenance prevalence, particularly in corporative and socio-democratic welfare regimes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Population-level interventions aimed at reducing social inequalities, promoting inclusion and addressing gender disparities should be central to cognitive health promotion strategies. Further research is needed to identify the active components of different welfare models that support cognitive maintenance, particularly in so-called corporative and socio-democratic countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 105881"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144779365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sexuality and respiratory outcomes in the UK: disparities, development and mediators in multiple longitudinal studies 英国的性和呼吸结果:在多个纵向研究中的差异、发展和中介
IF 3.2 3区 医学
Public Health Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105886
Evangeline Tabor , Dylan Kneale , Praveetha Patalay
{"title":"Sexuality and respiratory outcomes in the UK: disparities, development and mediators in multiple longitudinal studies","authors":"Evangeline Tabor ,&nbsp;Dylan Kneale ,&nbsp;Praveetha Patalay","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Limited international research suggests sexual minority individuals, in particular sexual minority women, may experience worse asthma outcomes than their heterosexual peers. We aim to explore if a similar disparity is present in the UK.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Pooled data from five UK longitudinal studies (total N = 84,480, 4723(5.59 %sexual minority)</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We examined risk for asthma and poor lung function by sexuality. To explore the impact of ageing on disparities we compared asthma by sexuality at two time points approximately 10 years apart. To help understand potential causal mechanisms we used respondents aged under 18 as a negative control. Finally, we conducted a mediation analysis to examine the extent to which smoking accounts for asthma disparities.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sexual minority respondents were more likely to report asthma (RR 1.43 [95 % CI 1.26 to 1.62]) and poor lung function (RR 1.50 [95 % CI 1.20 to 1.87]). Sexual minority women (RR 1.51 [95 % CI 1.30 to 1.76]) and bisexual respondents (RR 1.75 [95 % CI 1.35 to 2.26]) were more likely to report asthma than their heterosexual counterparts. Rates of asthma did not vary by sexuality in &lt;18s and disparities increased between time points in adults supporting the hypothesis that disparities emerge after childhood and widen over the lifecourse. Smoking only partially mediated (proportion mediated 1 %) the relationship between sexual minority status and asthma.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This analysis adds substantially to our understanding of how and when asthma and lung function disparities by sexuality in the UK emerge, as well as evidencing the limited role of smoking.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 105886"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144772440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Health literacy: Reducing inequalities in healthcare access through improving the readability of healthcare material in the Northeast of England-a qualitative evaluation 健康素养:通过提高英格兰东北部医疗保健材料的可读性来减少医疗保健获取方面的不平等——一项定性评价
IF 3.2 3区 医学
Public Health Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105887
J. Dunnett, A. Trebacz, J. Holkham, C. Baldasera, L. Dawson, R. Swiers, F. Christie-de-Jong
{"title":"Health literacy: Reducing inequalities in healthcare access through improving the readability of healthcare material in the Northeast of England-a qualitative evaluation","authors":"J. Dunnett,&nbsp;A. Trebacz,&nbsp;J. Holkham,&nbsp;C. Baldasera,&nbsp;L. Dawson,&nbsp;R. Swiers,&nbsp;F. Christie-de-Jong","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Lower health literacy increases the risk of chronic illness, premature mortality, and health-harming behaviours. Leading to higher healthcare utilisation and lower preventive care participation. Many adults in England read at a 9–11-year level making most healthcare materials inaccessible. This study aimed to assess an intervention modifying healthcare materials’ readability in a hospital trust in North-East England by evaluating patient and staff perspectives.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Guided by the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability, a qualitative design evaluated modified patient leaflets for routine outpatient clinics, adjusted to a reading age of 9–11 years to align with the national average. Stakeholder perspectives on modified and unmodified materials were explored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-five participants (six males, 19 females; aged 18–60, including 12 healthcare providers and 13 service users) with varying health literacy were recruited from four medical specialties in a single hospital trust in the northeast of England. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed using Framework method.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants preferred the modified materials for their clarity. Simpler language was perceived as reducing stigma and increasing confidence to engage with healthcare professionals. Service users felt empowered to manage their health, as revised materials were easier to understand. Healthcare providers valued improved readability, anticipating enhanced patient engagement and reduced misunderstandings. Participants emphasised the ethical imperative for accessible healthcare information to reduce inequalities.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Improving readability is welcomed and necessary to reduce structural inequalities. As disparities persist, ensuring accessible healthcare information could be a cost-effective scalable strategy. Further research should assess effectiveness on health outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 105887"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144766800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pandemic relief policies and public health: A study on emergency rental assistance and COVID-19 deaths in the USA 大流行救助政策与公共卫生:美国紧急租赁援助与COVID-19死亡研究
IF 3.2 3区 医学
Public Health Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105896
Ning Li , Joel E. Segel , Chan Shen
{"title":"Pandemic relief policies and public health: A study on emergency rental assistance and COVID-19 deaths in the USA","authors":"Ning Li ,&nbsp;Joel E. Segel ,&nbsp;Chan Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105896","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105896","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The COVID-19 pandemic risked exacerbating housing instability, prompting the allocation of substantial emergency rental assistance. This study leveraged the variation in county-level program adoption to investigate the relationship between the enactment of rental assistance programs and COVID-19 mortality rates.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Quasi-experimental study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We identified counties that implemented rental assistance programs in 2020 from the COVID-19 Emergency Rental Assistance Database linked to administrative data. We contrasted the characteristics between counties with and without rental assistance programs. We estimated the effects of county-level emergency rental assistance programs on COVID mortality rates by applying propensity score matching combined with differencing techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 2,993 US counties were included in this study, of which 170 counties (5.7 %) implemented COVID-19 emergency rental assistance programs in 2020 while 2,823 counties (94.3 %) did not. A comparative analysis of the counties revealed notable differences in race/ethnicity, education levels, income, poverty rates, healthcare resources, and health outcomes. COVID-19 emergency rental assistance programs were found to be significantly associated with an estimated reduction in monthly COVID death rates by 636 per 100,000 population.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Early-stage rental assistance funding played a crucial role in flattening the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating financial support mechanisms into pandemic preparedness strategies, particularly before effective vaccines. Policymakers should consider these insights in future policy formulations aimed at enhancing epidemic response capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 105896"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144766919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Health and societal burden of tobacco smoking in Ireland: A life table modelling study 爱尔兰吸烟的健康和社会负担:生命表模型研究
IF 3.2 3区 医学
Public Health Pub Date : 2025-08-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105880
Gintare Valentelyte , Aishling Sheridan , Paul Kavanagh , Frank Doyle , Jan Sorensen
{"title":"Health and societal burden of tobacco smoking in Ireland: A life table modelling study","authors":"Gintare Valentelyte ,&nbsp;Aishling Sheridan ,&nbsp;Paul Kavanagh ,&nbsp;Frank Doyle ,&nbsp;Jan Sorensen","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Ireland has set a tobacco endgame goal. Strengthening surveillance of tobacco impact on population well-being, healthcare system and resources are essential for achieving that ambition. This study aimed to examine the long-term health and societal impacts of tobacco smoking in Ireland, in terms of loss in life years (LY), quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), productivity-adjusted life years (PALYs) and associated healthcare costs.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Cohort-based life table model.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Life table modelling of Irish tobacco users aged 15–84 years defined by smoking status: daily smoking, occasional smoking, previous smoking, never smoking, were modelled until 85 years. Cost, mortality, health-related quality of life, and relative reduction in productivity attributable to smoking were obtained from published Irish population-level data 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2022 18 % of the Irish population were smokers. Across the expected lifetime of the current smoking population, we estimated that over 4.9 million LY, 5.8 million QALYs and 2.5 million PALYs would be lost due to smoking. We estimated that the population would experience 5.9 million years with a smoking-related chronic disease, incurring accumulated healthcare costs of €20.2 billion. At an individual level, the greatest burden across all outcomes was estimated for daily smoking males aged 20 years, with an additional lifetime healthcare cost excess of €28,000.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study highlights the potential long-term health and productivity gains associated through tobacco endgame planning. Long-term outcomes, including PALYs, provide a novel and readily estimable measure especially relevant for policymakers of the health impact and health risk factors on work productivity for the Irish smoking population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"247 ","pages":"Article 105880"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144763634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Challenges of assessing the cost effectiveness of AMR campaigns: Considerations for policy makers 评估抗菌素耐药性运动成本效益的挑战:决策者的考虑
IF 3.2 3区 医学
Public Health Pub Date : 2025-08-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2025.105877
Mary Jordan , Abimbola Ayorinde , Iman Ghosh , Junaid Shaikh , Victoria Adetunji , Anna Brown , Ellie Gilham , Daniel Todkill , Diane Ashiru-Oredope
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