Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Pathways of how health literacy and social support are associated with health outcomes in 17 European countries: Results of mediation analyses","authors":"Orna Baron-Epel ,&nbsp;Thomas Link ,&nbsp;Robert Griebler ,&nbsp;Henrik Bøggild ,&nbsp;Eva-Maria Berens ,&nbsp;Éva Bíró ,&nbsp;Deirdre Coy ,&nbsp;Saskia Maria De Gani ,&nbsp;Doris Schaeffer ,&nbsp;Kristine Sørensen ,&nbsp;Christopher Le ,&nbsp;Maria Lopatina ,&nbsp;Gillian Rowlands ,&nbsp;Rajae Touzani ,&nbsp;Stephan Van den Broucke ,&nbsp;Ferenc Vincze ,&nbsp;Mitja Vrdelja ,&nbsp;Sanja Vrbovsek ,&nbsp;Diane Levin-Zamir","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.01.032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.01.032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To estimate and compare (1) how social support (SS) acts as a mediator for the association between health literacy (HL) and health outcomes, and (2) how HL acts as a mediator for the association between SS and health outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Mediation analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from the Health Literacy Survey 2019 (HLS₁₉) were analyzed including 42,445 participants in 17 European countries. Four mediation models were tested with two health outcomes: self-reported health (SRH) and health-related limitations (Global Activity Limitations Indicator, GALI). In two models, SS was the mediator between HL and SRH and in the other two models HL was the mediator between SS and GALI.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SS is a significant mediator of the association between HL and SRH in all countries and between HL and GALI in eight countries. Up to 25–30 % of the total effect was mediated by SS. In addition, HL is a significant mediator of the association between SS and SRH in 15 countries and between SS and GALI in eight countries. With regard to SRH, SS may be regarded as the more relevant mediator between HL and SRH; whereas for GALI, HL can be considered the mediating factor between SS and GALI, as the proportions mediated were higher in the respective models in most countries.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Both HL and SS may serve as significant mediators in the models of both health measures, but to different extents. Planning interventions to mutually improve SS and HL may help communities improve health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"241 ","pages":"Pages 12-18"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lifestyle behaviours and physical, psychological, and cognitive multimorbidity among older hypertensive population in remote areas of China","authors":"Yifei Feng ,&nbsp;Saiyi Wang ,&nbsp;Lipei Zhao ,&nbsp;Xinghong Guo ,&nbsp;Zhanlei Shen ,&nbsp;Yijing Zhang ,&nbsp;Clifford Silver Tarimo ,&nbsp;Chengzeng Wang ,&nbsp;Hang Fu ,&nbsp;Shuai Jiang ,&nbsp;Yanran Duan ,&nbsp;Yudong Miao ,&nbsp;Jian Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>With the intensification of aging, the proportion of people affected by multimorbidity is steadily increasing worldwide. In remote areas of China, where economic development is lagging and healthcare resources are limited, the older hypertensive population may experience a higher burden of multimorbidity. However, comprehensive evidence is still lacking on how specific combinations of lifestyle behaviours (LBs) impact particular multimorbidity health outcomes in older hypertensive individuals.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted among the older hypertensive population (aged ≥65 years) from 1 July to August 31, 2023 in Jia County, a remote area of China.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 40 diseases were categorized into physical, psychological and cognitive disorders. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to estimate ORs and 95 % CIs for the associations between LBs and multimorbidity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 17,728 participants, the prevalence of physical, psychological, cognitive, physical-psychological multimorbidity (PPsM), physical-cognitive multimorbidity (PCM), psychological-cognitive multimorbidity (PsCM), and physical-psychological-cognitive multimorbidity (PPsCM) were 63.55 %, 30.12 %, 64.55 %, 22.31 %, 42.03 %, 22.57 %, and 16.74 %, respectively. Compared to participants without any healthy LBs, those with five healthy LBs were associated with a lower risk of physical, psychological, cognitive, PPsM, PCM, PsCM, and PPsCM. Overall, the risk of adverse outcomes decreased with the number of healthy LBs (<em>P</em>_trend&lt;0.001). However, combinations of healthy LBs of the same quantity but from different categories exhibited varying impacts on the outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Multimorbidity involving physical, psychological, and cognitive disorders poses a significant challenge for managing hypertention. Strengthening the capacity of primary healthcare workers to promote healthy lifestyle practices and identifying the optimal LB combinations should be prioritized in the management of hypertensive individuals in remote areas of China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"241 ","pages":"Pages 24-32"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying and mitigating the public health consequences of meta-ignorance about \"Long COVID\" risks","authors":"Matt Motta ,&nbsp;Timothy Callaghan ,&nbsp;Medini Padmanabhan ,&nbsp;Jennifer Cornacchione Ross ,&nbsp;Lisa M. Gargano ,&nbsp;Sarah Bowman ,&nbsp;David Yokum","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.02.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>While past work studies public concern about \"Long COVID,\" fewer have asked what the public knows and/or purports to know about Long COVID. This is an important oversight, as low knowledge and/or \"meta-ignorance\" (Dunning Kruger Effect; DKE) concerning Long COVID might undermine public willingness to take action to protect themselves and others from endemic COVID-19.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>In a nationally representative survey of US adults, we measure the correspondence between Americans’ objective and perceived Long COVID knowledge.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We estimate a series of multivariate regression models that assess (a) the socio-demographic correlates and (b) public health consequences of Long COVID meta-ignorance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We detect prevalent meta-ignorance about Long COVID. Greater than one fifth of Americans express high confidence in their perceived Long COVID knowledge, despite exhibiting lower than average objective knowledge. The expression of DKE is associated with a series of deleterious public health and health policy outcomes, including: opposition to workplace COVID-19 vaccine mandates, annual COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, and an increased likelihood of being sick with Long COVID.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our work provides novel insights into the promises and potential limitations of health communication efforts to provide the public with basic facts about the causes and consequences of Long COVID.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"241 ","pages":"Pages 19-23"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Model-informed evaluation of interventions to eliminate tuberculosis transmission in China","authors":"Jianling Xiong ,&nbsp;Lingming Kong ,&nbsp;Yangling Shen ,&nbsp;Shilu Yao ,&nbsp;Liuxia Wei ,&nbsp;Jiangyan Zhao ,&nbsp;Liang Chen ,&nbsp;Zhen Wang ,&nbsp;Guanghu Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.02.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.02.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Despite impressive achievements in the control of tuberculosis (TB), the burden of TB in China remains high. Real-time evaluation of interventions can help optimise strategies to eliminate TB. However, the multiple infection routes and heterogeneous distribution of TB make reliable evaluation difficult. This study aimed to examine the distribution of TB in different age groups and evaluate the efficacy of different interventions.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>A compartmental SVEIR model was constructed using ordinary differential equations to simulate TB transmission patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A TB model was developed to examine disease distribution in different age groups and to determine the efficacy of different interventions. The model was validated by fitting the Chinese TB incidence data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study from 2001 to 2021. The basic reproduction number (R₀) was calculated, and predictions were made for future TB cases in China using different mitigation strategies. The model was then used to determine the likelihood of achieving the World Health Organisation (WHO) targets for TB elimination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>China has reduced TB incidence from 71.5 per 100,000 population in 2001 to 43.7 per 100,000 in 2021, with an estimated R₀ value of 0.16. By 2035 and 2050, TB incidence in China is expected to be 32.1 and 25.6 per 100,000, respectively; however, the proportion of individuals with TB in the older age group is predicted to increase from 19.1 % in 2001 to 49.3 % in 2050. Reduction of the activation and relapse rates is the most effective intervention for TB control. If both activation and relapse rates are decreased by 90 %, TB incidence would be reduced by 94.54 % of the 2015 level by 2035, thereby achieving the WHO target.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>TB control remains an urgent priority in China. It is essential to focus efforts on screening and intervention strategies for both latent and infected individuals, especially in the elderly population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"241 ","pages":"Pages 33-38"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring risk and protective factors for burnout in professionals working in death-related settings: A scoping review","authors":"Mateus Eduardo Romão ,&nbsp;Ilaria Setti ,&nbsp;Giorgia Alfano ,&nbsp;Serena Barello","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.01.038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.01.038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to explore the published literature on risk and protective factors associated with burnout among professionals working in death-related settings.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Scoping Review.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This review adopted the JBI guidelines for Scoping Reviews and followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. A comprehensive search strategy has been implemented across PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Grey literature was not included in this review. Eligible studies encompassed descriptions of risk or protective factors associated with burnout in professionals working in death scenarios. Two independent researchers screened titles and abstracts and subsequently conducted full-text assessments based on predefined inclusion criteria. Relevant data have been systematically extracted and tabulated. The findings were thematically organized and qualitatively summarized, with potential visual aids such as graphs and tables.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The studies highlighted risk and protective factors for burnout among death-related professions, such as demographic and personal factors, work-related factors, and psychological and social factors.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study summarizes the current knowledge about burnout among professionals working in death scenarios. Further research is necessary for the development of prevention programs destined for this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"241 ","pages":"Pages 1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143385909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between place of birth and physical fitness among Latino youth: Findings from New York City public school students, 2006–2019","authors":"Emily M. D'Agostino ,&nbsp;Karen R. Flórez ,&nbsp;Caroline Nguyen ,&nbsp;Sophia Day ,&nbsp;Kevin Konty ,&nbsp;Kira Argenio ,&nbsp;Terry T. Huang ,&nbsp;Cody D. Neshteruk ,&nbsp;Brooke E. Wagner ,&nbsp;Lauren M. Rosenberg ,&nbsp;Hannah R. Thompson","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.01.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.01.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study examined physical fitness differences among Latino youth by place of birth (POB) to inform culturally tailored health promotion strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Cross-sectional observational study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed cross-sectional data from the New York City FITNESSGRAM (2006–2019) for public school Latino students (grades 4–5) with objectively measured fitness (n = 376,466). Sex-and age-specific performance by POB was assessed using healthy fitness zones (HFZ). Adjusted generalized estimating equations examined associations between POB and number of HFZs met, and also HFZ achievement for aerobic capacity (PACER test), upper body (push-ups) and abdominal (curl-ups) muscular strength and endurance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The sample (49% females, mean age = 9.36 ± 0.60 years) had an 18.9% prevalence of meeting all three HFZs. Adjusted models showed that, compared to US-(non-NYC) born youth, a significantly lower proportion of NYC-born youth met all three HFZs (PRs = 0.93, 95%CI = 0.90,0.96). For aerobic capacity, Dominican- (PR = 0.93; 95%CI 0.88,0.98) and NYC- (PR = 0.96; 95%CI 0.93, 0.98) born youth had the lowest prevalence of meeting HFZ compared to US-(non-NYC) born youth. For push-ups, NYC-born youth had the lowest prevalence of meeting HFZ (PR = 0.95; 95%CI 0.93,0.96) compared to US-(non-NYC) born youth. For curl-ups, Mexican- (PR = 0.94; 95%CI 0.90, 0.98) born youth had the lowest prevalence of meeting HFZ compared to US-(non-NYC) born youth. Patterns in the POB-HFZ association by sex were similar to patterns for the overall sample.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Fitness heterogeneity among Latino youth highlights the need for tailored programs and policies to reduce health disparities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"240 ","pages":"Pages 209-216"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in frequency of selected risk factors of overweight and obesity in adolescents in various social environments within Slovakia","authors":"Eva Malobická ,&nbsp;Jana Zibolenová ,&nbsp;Tibor Baška ,&nbsp;Peter Bakalár ,&nbsp;Tibor Madleňák ,&nbsp;Eliška Štefanová ,&nbsp;Romana Ulbrichtová ,&nbsp;Henrieta Hudečková","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.01.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.01.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Analysis of subnational regional differences in frequency of selected risk factors of overweight and obesity in adolescents in Slovakia.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Cross-sectional study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Health Behaviour in School-aged Children is an international cross-sectional questionnaire study using the standard protocol to create representative samples of adolescents. We analyse subnational regional differences in the occurrence of selected risk factors of overweight and obesity among 10-12-year-old (n = 4194) and 14-16-year-old (n = 3806) respondents of a survey conducted in Slovakia in 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Overweight and obesity dominated especially in the regions with the Hungarian minority among boys aged 10–12 years (29.2 %) and 14–16 years (34.0 %). Consumption of energy (24.9 % of girls and 29.9 % of boys) and sweetened (25.0 % of girls and 27.1 % of boys) drinks dominated among 14-16-year-old respondents in the poverty regions with socio-economic problems. Skipping breakfast was most widespread among 14-16-year-old girls from regions with a Hungarian minority (72.6 %). Insufficient physical activity was most frequent among 10-12-year-old respondents, namely, in the poverty regions (85.0 % of girls) and the Hungarian minority (79.6 % of boys) regions. The differences also remained significant after weighting for a possible confounding effect of family socioeconomic status.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The regional social environment is associated with selected aspects of adolescents’ behaviour related to overweight and obesity, namely, the poverty regions and Hungarian minority environments, and can be considered as an independent determinant regardless of a family background.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"240 ","pages":"Pages 203-208"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143349602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between physical activity energy expenditure and bone mineral density in U.S. adults: A cross-sectional analysis of NHANES 2011–2018","authors":"Rui Chen ,&nbsp;Senlin Wang ,&nbsp;Linke Li ,&nbsp;Hui Zhang ,&nbsp;Xi Peng ,&nbsp;Hongzhi Fang ,&nbsp;Yanjun Liu ,&nbsp;Mengyuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.01.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.01.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Osteoporosis is a global disease characterized by decreased bone mineral density (BMD) and impaired bone metabolism. The Physical Activity Metabolic Equivalent of Task (PA-MET) quantifies energy expenditure during physical activities. This study aims to investigate the relationship between energy expenditure, BMD, and the risk of developing osteoporosis. By exploring how varying levels of physical activity impact BMD, we seek to better understand the role of energy expenditure in osteoporosis prevention and management.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Cross-sectional study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a cross-sectional study that included 6599 adult participants who took part in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to March 2018. We used multivariate weighted linear model analysis to reveal the association between PA-MET levels and BMD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Multivariable weighted linear model analysis showed a positive correlation between PA-MET and total BMD. Compared to the lower PA-MET group, the fourth quartile of the PA-MET group had a β = 0.02 (95 % CI, 0.01 to 0.03). Similarly, in the analysis with thoracic spine BMD as the outcome, the fourth quartile of the PA-MET group had a β = 0.02 (95 % CI, 0.01 to 0.02) compared to the lower PA-MET group. For lumbar spine BMD, the fourth quartile of the PA-MET group had a β = 0.02 (95 % CI, 0.01 to 0.03). In the analysis with trunk BMD as the outcome, the fourth quartile of the PA-MET group had a β = 0.02 (95 % CI, 0.02 to 0.03) compared to the lower PA-MET group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results show that the energy expenditure from physical activity has a positive relationship with BMD, which serves as a protective factor against the risk of osteoporosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"240 ","pages":"Pages 195-202"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143260909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trend of anxiety disorders in China from 1990 to 2019: An age-period-cohort analysis study","authors":"Yuheng He ,&nbsp;Yan Cai ,&nbsp;Yiyi Chen ,&nbsp;Zhen Tang ,&nbsp;Li Ma ,&nbsp;Yongzhao Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.01.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2025.01.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study is to analyze the trends in the incidence and prevalence of anxiety disorders in China from 1990 to 2019 and to project future trends, thereby underpinning strategies for the prevention and control of anxiety disorders.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Repeated cross-sectional study.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data on anxiety disorders were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, and the joinpoint regression was employed to analyze trend variations. The age-period-cohort model were used to estimate the impacts of age, period, and cohort factors and the projection of trends.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The incidence and prevalence of anxiety disorders in China showed an overall declining trend from 1990 to 2019, with an average annual decrease of 0.19 % in incidence and 0.31 % in prevalence. Rates for women surpassed those for men. The highest incidence rates within the 10–14 year age group. Additionally, the period effect concerning the incidence and prevalence of anxiety disorders across different gender groups initially decreased, then increased. The RR of both incidence and prevalence decreased for males and females as the birth year progressed. Projections suggest that over the next two decades, the incidence is expected to continue rising, the prevalence is anticipated to remain stable with a modest increase.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The incidence and prevalence of anxiety disorders in China showed a declining trend from 1990 to 2019. It is anticipated that the incidence and prevalence of anxiety disorders will rise from 2020 to 2040. The incidence and prevalence of anxiety disorders varies with age and gender.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"240 ","pages":"Pages 174-181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143260900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A framework to integrate equity in public health emergency response dashboards: Dashboard instrument to review equity (DIRE)","authors":"Paulina Sosa ,&nbsp;Hadi Kharrazi ,&nbsp;Harold Lehmann","doi":"10.1016/j.puhe.2024.12.053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.puhe.2024.12.053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>COVID-19 created an urgent element of clinical and financial strain to the public health system, forcing it into rapid response mode. Key public health decisions were quickly made, with limited data and guidance to address decision trade-offs and community inequities. Gaps identified in the pandemic confirmed the need for a new tool, like this study's Dashboard Instrument to Review Equity (DIRE) Framework, to ensure decision-makers are given quick and equitable decision-making guidance.</div></div><div><h3>Study design</h3><div>Scoping review and tool development.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The scoping review was conducted through PRISMA-ScR, and by utilizing tools like PubMed, Scopus, and Paper Piles to compile and cite. Three levels of thematic analysis were completed. Tool development consisted of building a conceptual model on the DIKW Pyramid and Informatics Stack. Then the review's five themes were integrated into DIRE.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The review closed at a final count of 102 articles, with five themes emerging: COVID-19 impact, Health Equity, Decisions During Emergencies, Dashboards and Decision Support, and Frameworks. COVID-19 dashboards were also reviewed. DIRE was designed into three layers (context, data flow, and dashboard users) and three data flow buckets (data sources, DIK pillars, and interventions).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study aimed to (1) Establish a research foundation of health equity, COVID-19 lessons learned, and decision support, and (2) Develop an evidence-based framework. Though further research is still recommended, DIRE is now the first 3-point framework aimed at preparing decision-makers to respond quickly and equitably to future emergencies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49651,"journal":{"name":"Public Health","volume":"240 ","pages":"Pages 182-194"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143260906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}