Osvaldo Fonseca-Rodriguez, Emma Tobjörk, Hanna Jerndal, Marie Eriksson, Anne-Marie Fors Connolly
{"title":"Occupational-related risk of testing SARS-CoV-2 positive for publicly employed medical doctors in Sweden: A nationwide cohort study.","authors":"Osvaldo Fonseca-Rodriguez, Emma Tobjörk, Hanna Jerndal, Marie Eriksson, Anne-Marie Fors Connolly","doi":"10.1177/14034948241304487","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14034948241304487","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Doctors have an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection caused by exposure to contagious patients. We aimed to identify which clinical specialities among medical doctors had the highest occupation-related risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2, utilizing data for all publicly employed medical doctors in Sweden.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data regarding positive SARS-CoV-2 test results and employment for publicly employed doctors in Sweden were divided into three observation periods: 1) 1 February to 31 December 2020, 2) 1 January to 30 June 2021 and 3) 1 July 2021 to 31 March 2022. Individuals were stratified according to occupation clinic and compared with clinical occupations with little to no patient contact. The risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 was estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression, with sex, age and vaccination status as covariates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study cohort included all publicly employed doctors in Sweden: 35,028 individuals. In the first period, Infectious Disease doctors had the highest incidence of SARS-CoV-2 positive tests, with an incidence of 20.2 %, compared with 8.7 % in the reference group, and an adjusted hazard ratio of 2.5 (95% confidence interval 2.02-3.04), which decreased during period 2-3. Doctors in Geriatric Medicine had an elevated risk throughout the whole study period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>\u0000 <b>Our study shows an association between working in a speciality that involves caring for contagious COVID-19 patients, which raises concerns about infection control measures and routines being insufficient to prevent occupational infection in future pandemics.</b>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"498-507"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12159338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142899846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ying-Chih Chuang, Rong-Xian Chen, Hsueh-Wen Hsu, Peng-Hua Lee
{"title":"Social cohesion and COVID-19 mortality in different periods of the pandemic: variable efficacy of trust in civil services.","authors":"Ying-Chih Chuang, Rong-Xian Chen, Hsueh-Wen Hsu, Peng-Hua Lee","doi":"10.1177/14034948251314082","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14034948251314082","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Social cohesion has been reported to influence various health outcomes positively. However, inconsistent results were reported regarding the effects of social cohesion dimensions on the COVID-19 mortality rate (MR). Most studies have indicated that trust in civil services but not participating in social activities reduces COVID-19 mortality, possibly because of the highly contagious nature of this disease. In this study, we investigated how the effects of various dimensions of social cohesion on COVID-19 MR vary across different phases of the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used data from 86 countries participating in the 2017-2020 World Values Survey. The measures of social cohesion were identified by aggregating responses to the country level. COVID-19 MR was calculated-using data from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control-separately for three distinct periods during the pandemic: 13 January 2020-8 November 2020; 9 November 2020-5 September 2021; and 6 September 2021-20 June 2022. An exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was conducted to identify the dimensions of social cohesion, and negative binomial regression models were constructed to analyze data for each period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The EFA results revealed three dimensions of social cohesion: social participation and inclusion, health service equality, and trust in civil services and democracy. COVID-19 MR was negatively associated with trust in civil services and democracy during the early two periods and with social participation and inclusion during the late period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>\u0000 <b>Each social cohesion dimension uniquely contributed to reducing the COVID-19 MR in different pandemic periods.</b>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"508-516"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bo Burström, Örjan Hemström, Megan Doheny, Janne Agerholm, Ann Liljas
{"title":"The aftermath of COVID-19: Mortality impact of the pandemic on older persons in Sweden and other Nordic countries, 2020-2023.","authors":"Bo Burström, Örjan Hemström, Megan Doheny, Janne Agerholm, Ann Liljas","doi":"10.1177/14034948241253339","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14034948241253339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic hit Sweden harder than the other Nordic countries in the early phase, especially among older persons. We compared the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mortality especially among older persons during the period 2020-2022 in Sweden, Denmark, Finland and Norway, using four different outcome measures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We compared publicly available information on reported cases and deaths in COVID-19 from the World Health Organization COVID-19 Dashboard, age-specific mortality rates, life expectancy at age 65 years and excess mortality from Nordic Statistics database and national statistics and health agencies in Sweden, Denmark, Finland and Norway.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The pandemic peaked earlier in Sweden than in Denmark, Finland and Norway, where cases and deaths increased more during 2021 and 2022, also reflected in age-specific death rates among persons aged 70+ years. COVID-19 mortality was highest in Sweden, followed by Finland, Denmark and Norway. Life expectancy declined during 2020 in Sweden but more during 2021 and 2022 in Denmark, Finland and Norway. Excess mortality during 2020-2022 was nearly twice as high in Finland as in the other countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>\u0000 <b>COVID-19 mortality was higher in Sweden than in Denmark, Finland and Norway. Life expectancy declined during 2020 in Sweden, was partly regained in 2021 and 2022, while it declined during 2021 and 2022 in Denmark, Norway and Finland. However, excess mortality during 2020-2022 was similar in Sweden, Denmark and Norway and twice as high in Finland. Different mortality outcomes reflect the complexity of the mortality impact of COVID-19.</b>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"456-464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12159333/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141297174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ole Bernt Lenning, Ronny Myhre, May Sissel Vadla, Roald Omdal, Begoña Martínez Jarreta, Ángel Gómez Moreno, Ignacio De Blas, Geir Sverre Braut
{"title":"Do genetic variants of the Y chromosome affect mortality from COVID-19.","authors":"Ole Bernt Lenning, Ronny Myhre, May Sissel Vadla, Roald Omdal, Begoña Martínez Jarreta, Ángel Gómez Moreno, Ignacio De Blas, Geir Sverre Braut","doi":"10.1177/14034948251333236","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14034948251333236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>During the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic, significant differences in mortality patterns emerged based on sex and geographical regions. While we were studying on the heredity of variants of the Y chromosome, we observed that regional variations in mortality rates appeared to correlate with the geographical distribution of certain variants of the Y chromosome. This observation led us to propose that some genes on the Y chromosome, with an influence on immune responses, may represent a confounding factor in the observed geographical mortality differences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this analysis, we investigate the potential associations between COVID-19 morbidity and disease-specific mortality and specific Y chromosome variants. The study is based on publicly available pandemic data validated by state authorities or presented in scientific literature documented in PubMed and Medline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We find that Y chromosome haplogroups in different populations exhibit wave-like patterns corresponding with persistent global disparities in COVID-19-related mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>\u0000 <b>These findings warrant further research to uncover possible new pathophysiological mechanisms.</b>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"560-564"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12159340/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144022514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Positive impact of prolonged skin-to-skin contact on parental confidence and symptoms of depression among mothers and fathers of healthy newborns.","authors":"Hanne Kronborg","doi":"10.1177/14034948251342282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14034948251342282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>WHO recommends skin-to-skin contact for the first 2 h after birth. The study investigated how parental and infant skin-to-skin contact for the first 3 days postpartum influenced parental confidence and postpartum depression tendencies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Separate self-administered questionnaires were completed after birth, at 3 and 9 months by mothers and fathers to newborns in the western part of Denmark. A total of 2142 mothers (83%) and 1582 fathers (72%) provided complete information on skin-to-skin contact. The Karitane Parenting Confidence Scale (KPCS) and Major Depression Inventory (MDI) were used to measure outcome. Data were analyzed in mixed regression models, adjusted for age, parity, and educational level.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the first 72 h, fathers spent 10.40 h (confidence interval (CI), 8.71-12.09) and mothers spent 17.86 h (CI, 16.29-19.43) of skin-to-skin contact with their newborn on average. The time positively influenced the level of confidence for both parents, and symptoms of depression in mothers. The regression coefficient, expressing change in the confidence/KPCS level per hour of skin-to-skin contact was 0.05 (CI, 0.02-0.07) for mothers and 0.07 (CI, 0.04-0.10) for fathers. Correspondingly, the impact on depression/MDI level was -0.04 (CI, -0.07 to -0.01) for mothers but non-significant for fathers. Over time, mothers expressed a higher KPCS level than fathers (<i>p</i> < 0.0001) but only higher depression tendencies at 2 weeks postpartum (<i>p</i>-value <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Fathers and mothers should be encouraged to extend the early practice of skin-to-skin contact with their newborn, as it positively influences parental confidence and maternal symptoms of depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"14034948251342282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Magnus Olsson, Eva Nordendahl, Björn Klinge, Michael Fored, Johan Sundström, Anders Ekbom, Hanne Tønnesen, Stefan Gustafsson, Aron Naimi-Akbar
{"title":"A nation-wide study on snus and smoked tobacco: The Swedish Tobacco Cohort (SWETOC).","authors":"Magnus Olsson, Eva Nordendahl, Björn Klinge, Michael Fored, Johan Sundström, Anders Ekbom, Hanne Tønnesen, Stefan Gustafsson, Aron Naimi-Akbar","doi":"10.1177/14034948251350193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14034948251350193","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Smoking increases the risk of developing severe diseases. However, the effects of snus are less known. We aimed to create a cohort on tobacco exposure by collecting data from the Swedish Public Dental Service. The cohort will be used to study even rare health outcomes of both smoking and snus.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In Sweden, 35% (2021) of the adult population and 85% (2021) of all children use the Public Dental Service. The dental practitioner asks about tobacco use and registers replies in patients' records. We have now assembled a database of all available such data in the country and linked them to other national health and social registers, forming the Swedish Tobacco Cohort (SWETOC). SWETOC is hence a cohort with prospectively designed data collection.ResultsOut of all 21 regions in Sweden, 19 participated, and approximately 5.5 million unique individuals provided tobacco data. Registrations dated from 1994 to 2023. All participating regions provided data from at least 2015 and forward. Overall prevalence for smoking was 12%, and 13% for snus. More men used snus than women, and there were regional differences in tobacco use patterns. Gender distribution was around equal at all age levels. Some regions provided additional tobacco information such as amount and type of product used, willingness for tobacco cessation, and notes in free text.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>\u0000 <b>SWETOC is a novel resource that can be used to close the current and future knowledge gaps regarding the health outcomes of smoked and smokeless tobacco.</b>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"14034948251350193"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Copenhagen City Heart Study. An epidemiological cohort study with repeated measurements: history, course, and results.","authors":"Gorm B Jensen, Peter Schnohr","doi":"10.1177/14034948251347765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14034948251347765","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Copenhagen City Heart Study (CCHS) is an ongoing epidemiological cohort study with repeated measurements. The results of the study have been published in more than 1300 papers, 96 PhD theses, and 27 doctoral dissertations.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>In the Western world, including Denmark, incidence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was increasing rapidly after the Second World War. The causes were not well known, and treatment was limited. To expand the evidence for prevention, the CCHS was initiated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In 1976, a random population sample including 20,000 men and women aged 20 and above, drawn from 90,000 citizens living in a defined area of Copenhagen City, was invited to a health examination that included a self-administered questionnaire and measurements of height, weight, blood pressure, lung function, cholesterol level, blood glucose concentration, and an electrocardiogram. The response rate was 75%. The study was repeated in 1981-1983, 1991-1994, 2001-2003, and 2011-2015 by inviting the survivors of the original sample augmented by new participants. The number of examination methods has expanded since its inception, and now contains standard epidemiological methods, echocardiography, and a large array of biochemistry and DNA for genetic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mission of the study, to contribute to the prevention of IHD and AMI, has to a large extend been fulfilled. Furthermore, the study has contributed to many other fields of investigation: genetics, pulmonary medicine, cancer, ophthalmology, surgery, and others.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CCHS is an ongoing population study with marked impact on the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The study has also contributed to other fields of investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"14034948251347765"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144486690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kristine Vejrup, Hye Jung Choi, Leif Å Strand, Inger Ariansen, Elin A Fadum
{"title":"Digitizing paper-based military health records from Norwegian males born in 1950 - Assessments of data quality and applicability in research.","authors":"Kristine Vejrup, Hye Jung Choi, Leif Å Strand, Inger Ariansen, Elin A Fadum","doi":"10.1177/14034948251350504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14034948251350504","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Archived military documents contain health information that can enrich the Norwegian Armed Forces Health Registry (NAFHR). However, uncertainty exists about the preservation of the documents for digital reproduction and the accuracy of clinical measurements for research purposes. This study aims to present and assess the quality of military health data extracted from the paper-based personnel files of Norwegian men born in 1950.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We digitized the military health information of approximately 60% (<i>n</i>=17,324) of the Norwegian men who were born in 1950. Health records were manually transcribed, and some of the transcribed data were checked for errors by using similar registrations in the NAFHR. Clinical measures were compared with results from national health surveys. Variations between the conscription board health examinations and the examinations on the first day of service were explored. Transcribed cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor data were tested with logistic regression models to assess their predictive ability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The transcribed data showed good compliance and readability, with overall accurate and valid clinical measurements. While minor variations existed between the data recorded on conscription board examinations and medical examinations on the first service day, the measurements generally aligned with the national health survey results. Several of the CVD risk factors showed the expected associations with CVD mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>\u0000 <b>This study highlights the readability and accuracy of digitized military health data. Further digitization promises enhanced communication and expanded research opportunities.</b>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"14034948251350504"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144477560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nan Cheng, Zhen Yao, Zhenliang Hui, Shaowei Li, Jun Chen
{"title":"Socioeconomic development and the rising challenge of depressive disorders: A worldwide examination spanning from 1990 to 2021.","authors":"Nan Cheng, Zhen Yao, Zhenliang Hui, Shaowei Li, Jun Chen","doi":"10.1177/14034948251348324","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14034948251348324","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To analyze the global burden of depressive disorders (1990-2021), examining trends in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and incidence across SDI regions, sex, and during COVID-19, and to assess the contribution of early-life risk factors and the complex socioeconomic-depression relationship.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the Global Burden of Disease Study, we analyzed the global burden of depressive disorders from 1990 to 2021. We examined age-standardized DALYs and incidence rates, assessing temporal changes across regions and socioeconomic contexts defined by the Social Development Index (SDI). Statistical analyses explored relationships between depression burden and factors such as sex, regional variations, the COVID-19 pandemic, and early-life risk factors like childhood sexual abuse and bullying.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DALYs due to depression increased from 600.5 per 100,000 in 1990 to 681.1 per 100,000 in 2021. Post-2018, high-SDI regions saw significant rises in DALYs (Estimated Annual Percentage Change (EAPC) = 0.388) and incidence (EAPC = 0.487), while low-SDI regions saw modest declines. High-income areas reported higher depressive burdens despite better healthcare. Women, especially in adolescence and later life, bore a greater burden. Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest burden, and high-income Asia Pacific the lowest. During COVID-19, depression rates slightly increased globally, with regional and gender variations. Early-life adversities notably contributed to the rising depression burden, particularly in high-SDI regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The relationship between socioeconomic development and depression burden is complex and non-linear. High-SDI regions benefit from better healthcare access but face rising depression rates due to urbanization, social isolation, and work-related stress, exacerbated by COVID-19. In contrast, low-SDI regions maintain protective social support networks despite limited healthcare resources. Addressing gender disparities and regional variations requires tailored mental-health interventions, focusing on early-life support, gender-specific strategies, and strengthening mental-health infrastructure in low- and middle-income countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"14034948251348324"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144334284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diagnoses given in specialist health care to Norwegian-born children with one immigrant parent. A register-based study.","authors":"Marte K R Kjøllesdal, Ylva Helland, Thor Indseth","doi":"10.1177/14034948251344527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/14034948251344527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the risk of receiving diagnoses of somatic health problems in specialist health care among Norwegian-born children with one immigrant parent to children of Norwegian background.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from Medical Birth Registry of Norway, Norwegian Patient Registry and Statistics Norway were linked. All children born in Norway to two Norwegian-born parents or to one Norwegian-born parent and one immigrant parent, aged 0-10 years between 2008 and 2018 were included. Diagnostic categories of infections, non-infectious medical conditions and non-infectious neurological conditions were included from 2008 onwards. Hazards of diagnoses by immigrant background were assessed by Cox regressions adjusted for sex and birth year, and additionally for parental education and household income.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with children with Norwegian background, children with an immigrant mother had lower hazards of receiving a diagnosis of any somatic condition (hazard ratio 0.97, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.95, 0.98), infections in total (hazard ratio 0.93, 95% CI 0.91, 0.95), total non-infectious medical conditions (hazard ratio 0.97, 95% CI 0.95, 0.98) and of any neurological condition (hazard ratio 0.89, 95% CI 0.86, 0.93). There were variations for individual diagnosis groups and by the immigrant parent being a mother or a father, and by parental region of origin. Adjustments for socioeconomic variables made negligible changes to estimates.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Children of one immigrant parent do not have overall worse health than children with Norwegian background. Lower hazards of diagnoses of many conditions among those with an immigrant mother warrants further research into possible underutilization of services and barriers to use.</p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"14034948251344527"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144276452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}