Scandinavian Journal of Public Health最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to \" Advancing Public Health Insight: Population Health Study in Kalaallit Nunaat (Greenland) 2024-2026\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/14034948261417545","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14034948261417545","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"816"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147285980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why applied science is ignored: and why that matters.","authors":"Töres Theorell","doi":"10.1177/14034948251381532","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14034948251381532","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"681-682"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589795/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145309819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do age and birth cohorts influence trends in the job demand-control model, self-rated health, and perceived stress in Sweden?","authors":"Paraskevi Peristera, Anna Andreasson, Göran Kecklund, Mats Lekander, Hugo Westerlund","doi":"10.1177/14034948251381537","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14034948251381537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>People in Sweden have internationally good health, work environment and quality of life, a picture that has lately been questioned because of the sharp increase in stress-related diagnoses, especially among young women. This study aims to better understand how stress and psychosocial work stressors vary across age and birth cohorts using data collected between 2008 and 2018.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using hierarchical age-period-cohort-growth curve models and data from the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health, we estimated the age trajectories of job demands, job control, perceived long-lasting stress, sustained emotional stress and self-rated health by birth cohort. Separate analyses by sex and occupational status were also conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Job demands, perceived long-lasting stress and sustained emotional stress decreased with age, while self-rated health deteriorated. Statistically significant cohort and age × cohort interactions suggest that more recent birth cohorts have both a) higher job demands, lower job control, more sustained emotional stress and worse self-rated health, and b) a less favourable development with age for all outcomes. However, these cohort differences are primarily driven by younger cohorts, and they are less pronounced or inconsistent among older cohorts. Occupational status and gender seem to modify some of these developments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>\u0000 <b>This study provides some support for inter-cohort changes in the work environment and health, predominantly among younger cohorts. More recent cohorts generally report poorer health and work environment along with less favourable development with age. Nevertheless, these patterns are not consistent across all age group comparisons and robust cohort comparisons are primarily possible among adjacent cohorts. It is, however, unlikely that these changes can be attributed solely to a general deterioration in working life affecting all workers equally, as the phenomenon appears largely confined to younger workers. Future studies should explore how the combined demands from several spheres of life may better explain these age and cohort differences.</b>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"736-752"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146203489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Connecting cohorts of Finnish biobanks creates a research resource for the study of healthy ageing.","authors":"Niina Eklund, Salla-Maaria Pätsi, Heli Lehtiniemi, Samppa Rohkimainen, Juha Kivelä, Hanna Öhman, Minttu Sauramo, Kyösti Sutinen, Anja Keskinarkaus, Perttu Terho, Tapio Seppänen, Pia Nyberg, Minna Männikkö, Kaisa Silander","doi":"10.1177/14034948241228482","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14034948241228482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Connecting cohorts with biobanks is a Finnish biobank collaboration, creating an infrastructure for the study of healthy ageing. We aimed to develop a model for data integration and harmonisation between different biobanks with procedures for joint access.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The heart of the collaboration is the integrated datasets formed by using data from three biobanks: (a) Arctic Biobank, hosting regional birth cohorts and cohorts of elderly; (b) hospital-affiliated Borealis Biobank of Northern Finland; and (c) THL Biobank, hosting population-based cohorts. The datasets were created by developing a data dictionary, harmonising cohort data and with a joint pseudonymisation process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The connecting cohorts with biobanks resource at its widest consists altogether of almost 1.4 million individuals from collaborating biobanks. Utilising data from 107,000 cohort participants, we created harmonised datasets that contain attributes describing metabolic risk and frailty for studies of healthy ageing. These data can be complemented with medical data available from Biobank Borealis and with samples taken at hospital settings for approximately 38,000 cohort participants. In addition, the harmonised connecting cohorts with biobanks datasets can be expanded with supplementary data and samples from the collaborating biobanks.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>\u0000 <b>The connecting cohorts with biobanks datasets provide a unique resource for research on ageing-related personalised healthcare and for real-world evidence studies. Following the FAIR principles on findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability, the reused and harmonised datasets are findable and made accessible for researchers. The same approach can be further utilised to develop additional datasets for other research topics.</b>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"709-717"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140023109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The evolution of health inequalities in the western world: From early origins to modern times.","authors":"Eero Lahelma","doi":"10.1177/14034948251365433","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14034948251365433","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Background:</i>Throughout human history, socioeconomic inequalities in health are shaped by interlinked structural changes, like emerging agriculture and industrialism, demographic and economic transitions, as well as epidemics of infectious diseases, catastrophes, and climate changes. Key questions include when health inequalities emerged, and how they evolved from early communities until modern societies. <i>Method</i>: Based on original sources, research literature, reviews, and their critical analysis, this historical review focuses on the evolution of health inequalities, their appearance and advancement. Availability of sources limits the scope to Europe and the western world. <i>Findings</i>: Early hunter-gatherer communities were socioeconomically relatively equal, likely lacking major health inequalities. As agriculture emerged in the neolithic time since 10000 BCE, societies became more prosperous and unequal. In medieval societies, with deep socioeconomic inequalities, health inequalities were presumably constrained by infectious diseases and catastrophes hitting populations \"democratically\". John Graunt and William Petty showed in Britain novel socioeconomic and health inequalities emerging with early industrialist capitalism. By the \"Revolutions of 1848\" health inequalities encompassed industrial countries as shown by Rudolf Virchow and Edwin Chadwick. In the Black Report (1980) and present-day research health inequalities appear ubiquitous and often widening. <i>Conclusions</i>: The evolution of health inequalities follows both the constancy hypothesis, suggesting omnipresent health inequalities where social inequalities prevail, and the convergence-divergence hypothesis, suggesting variations in health inequalities from prehistory to modern time. A conundrum is, to what extent health inequalities were constrained by epidemics and catastrophes. Currently, health inequalities are a world-wide public issue to be tackled with egalitarian policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"805-815"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589790/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147629053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical activity levels in individuals with prevalent chronic diseases in the general Danish population from 2013 to 2021.","authors":"Cecilie Goltermann Toxværd, Peter Elsborg, Hanne Birke, Tanja Thomsen, Sidsel Maria Jørgensen, Emil Buch Fromberg, Helene Nikolajsen Håkansson, Jacob Dahlerup, Anna Stage, Mette Aadahl","doi":"10.1177/14034948251383396","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14034948251383396","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate physical activity (PA) levels across individuals with prevalent chronic diseases and examine to what degree these individuals wished to become more physically active. Furthermore, to investigate whether PA levels and wishes to become more physically active changed from 2013 to 2021.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data from 'The Danish Capital Region Health Survey' (including a national sample in 2013 and 2021) among citizens (⩾16 years) in The Capital Region in 2013 (response rate = 44.3%, <i>n</i> = 45,498), 2017 (response rate = 52.6%, <i>n</i> = 55,185) and 2021 (response rate = 54.1%, <i>n</i> = 59.646) were used to obtain information about citizens' PA level and wish to become more physically active. Information from national registers on hospital diagnoses and medical treatment was used to identify citizens with 10 major chronic diseases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Individuals with chronic diseases report a lower PA level compared with the general population, particularly individuals with diabetes, depression, stroke and heart disease, with diabetes representing one of the strongest associations (e.g. in 2021 odds ratio (OR) = 1.72 (confidence interval (CI): 1.6; 1.9)). Out of 10 individuals, 7 (70%) with a chronic disease wished to become more physically active, but only individuals with heart disease and depression showed slightly higher odds for the wish to become more physically active compared with the general population (e.g. heart disease in 2017, OR = 1.18 (CI: 1.1; 1.3), and depression in 2021, OR = 1.20 (CI: 1.1; 1.3)). No significant changes in PA levels were observed during the study period, 2013-2021.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><b>The results suggests that additional strategies are needed to overcome barriers and facilitate behaviour change among individuals with chronic diseases</b>.</p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"726-735"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145349548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subjective health complaints in Norwegian adolescents and associations with stress, sex, and age - Cross-sectional trends over a 10-year period.","authors":"Unni K Moksnes, Magdalena Lazarewicz, Geir Arild Espnes","doi":"10.1177/14034948251357426","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14034948251357426","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Aims:</i> This study investigated cross-sectional trends in subjective health complaints (SHCs) over a 10-year period and explored associations between sex, age, normative stress domains, and SHCs. <i>Methods:</i> Data were drawn from three cross-sectional surveys in 2011 (<i>n</i> = 1,289), 2016 (<i>n</i> = 1,233), and 2022 (<i>n</i> =310), including adolescents aged 13-20 from lower- and upper-secondary public schools in rural municipalities in Mid-Norway. SHCs were assessed using a 12-item scale measuring physical and mental symptoms, while stress was measured with the 30-item Adolescent Stress Questionnaire. Descriptive and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted. <i>Results:</i> Average SHC scores were moderately high, showing a slight increase over the study period, and were consistently higher in girls than boys. Age showed a curvilinear association with SHCs, with increasing SHC levels from ages 13 to 16 and declining levels from ages 17 to 20. All stressors associated significantly positively with SHCs controlled for sex and age. Stressors related to the school context were significantly positively associated with SHCs controlled for all covariates, alongside a significant interaction effect of sex by school attendance. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> <b>The study shows a relatively stable level of SHCs in adolescents, with a minor increase in average levels over the 10 years investigated. Girls reported higher SHCs than boys and a curvilinear association was found between age and SHCs. The findings emphasize the significant influence of especially school-related stressors on adolescent SHCs.</b></p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"787-795"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145453519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Generalized trust and all-cause mortality: A population-based prospective cohort study.","authors":"Martin Lindström, Mirnabi Pirouzifard","doi":"10.1177/14034948251340480","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14034948251340480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Social science literature suggests that unlimited trust in others may lead to adverse outcomes, and that moderate trust may be more optimal in social interactions. The aim was to analyze associations between generalized trust in other people and all-cause mortality using a four-alternative generalized trust item that includes moderate trust.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Prospective cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 2008 Public Health Survey in Scania, southern Sweden, was conducted with a postal questionnaire followed by three reminders, with 28,198 respondents <b>(</b>54.1% response rate<b>)</b>. The survey was linked to all-cause mortality register data with 9.3-year follow-up. Multiple Cox regression analyses were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The item \"Most people can be trusted\" yielded 5.5% \"Completely agree,\" 57.6% \"Agree,\" 29.5% \"Don't agree\" and 7.4% \"Don't agree at all.\" Covariates of age, sex, socioeconomic status, chronic disease, mental health, health-related behaviors, social participation and social support showed significant bivariate associations with all-cause mortality. All-cause mortality remained significantly lower in the moderately high trust category (\"Agree\") compared to the very high trust reference category (\"Completely agree\") in the multiple analyses. In contrast, all-cause mortality in the low and very low trust categories did not significantly differ from the very high trust reference. Trust was also dichotomized into high trust (\"Completely agree\"/\"Agree\") versus low trust. Dichotomized low trust showed significantly higher all-cause mortality only when sex and age were included as covariates in the model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>\u0000 <b>The construction, use and interpretation of generalized trust items should be scrutinized, and moderate generalized trust in others investigated as a health protective factor.</b>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"796-804"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589798/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145114769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of the MHFA programme in a Nordic context: an intervention study among nurse professionals caring for older adults.","authors":"Magdalena Häger, Erika Boman, Anna K Forsman","doi":"10.1177/14034948251380093","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14034948251380093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study investigated the effects of the Mental Health First Aid-Elderly (MHFA-E) training programme on nurse professionals' mental health literacy; that is, confidence in helping and level of knowledge of mental ill health in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An intervention study was conducted in the Åland Islands with 141 participants at baseline, all employed social and health care professionals in the study region. Surveys measuring perceived confidence in helping and acquired level of knowledge in mental ill health among older persons were administered before, immediately after, and 6 months following the training programme. Descriptive statistics and effect sizes (Cohen's d) were used to analyse outcome differences within the participants over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant improvements in confidence in helping and level of knowledge were found among the programme participants post intervention compared with baseline. However, a decline was registered at 6 months post intervention compared with immediately after the training programme. The findings highlight that the MHFA-E training programme carries potential in enhancing mental health literacy among nurse professionals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>\u0000 <b>This is one of few studies evaluating the MHFA-E programme. As the results are promising, this programme may provide a feasible intervention to strengthen the mental health literacy among care professionals in caring for older adults. However, as for emergency first aid courses, the results indicate no prolonged effects, suggesting that the studied MHFA-E programme needs to be delivered regularly in order to maintain its effect. More large-scale intervention studies evaluating this MHFA-E programme format in the Nordic context are warranted.</b>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"769-776"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145239925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study protocol for 5Ways@School - An implementation and effectiveness trial of a school-based wellbeing intervention in 16 schools in Norway.","authors":"Kristian Green Krogshus, Espen Bjertness, Nikolai Olavi Czajkowski, Rubén Rodriguez-Cano, Ragnhild Bang Nes","doi":"10.1177/14034948251370109","DOIUrl":"10.1177/14034948251370109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aims to assess the effectiveness and implementation of the 5Ways@School curriculum-based intervention in Norwegian schools. The intervention builds on the Five Ways to Wellbeing framework, and promotes five action domains: connect with others, be physically active, take notice, keep learning, and give. The study objectives include assessing the intervention's acceptability, appropriateness, feasibility, fidelity, and cost, as well as its impact on students' wellbeing and mental health.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study is a hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial using mixed methods. It is a longitudinal, two-armed, non-randomized, controlled study involving students in grades 5 to 10 (ages 10 to 16). The primary outcomes are the intervention's acceptability and feasibility, and its effectiveness on students' wellbeing. Data collection includes web-based questionnaires for students and teachers, and qualitative interviews with teachers. Quantitative data will be analysed using multilevel regression models and network intervention analysis, while qualitative data will be analysed using thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong><b>The study aims to provide insights into the implementation and effectiveness of the wellbeing-promoting 5Ways@School intervention. The findings could inform the optimization of the 5Ways@School and other future school-based interventions, and thereby contribute to the wellbeing of children and young people. The study's strengths include its real-life school setting and mixed methods approach, while limitations include its non-randomized design.</b>Trial registration:ClinicalTrials.gov, ID NCT06144502.</p>","PeriodicalId":49568,"journal":{"name":"Scandinavian Journal of Public Health","volume":" ","pages":"692-699"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145016551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}