{"title":"Sacroiliac Joint: Mimics and Pitfalls.","authors":"Mary K Jesse Lowry, Mary Elizabeth Buchanan","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1802971","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1802971","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sacroiliac joint pathology presents a complex diagnostic challenge due to the diverse range of conditions, both mechanical and inflammatory, that can affect the joint. Although axial spondyloarthritis-related sacroiliitis is often the most recognized pathology, numerous other conditions closely mimic axial spondyloarthritis in both clinical presentation and imaging features. This review describes key anatomical aspects of the sacroiliac joint, including its distinct morphology, ligamentous support, and histologic characteristics, essential for understanding and differentiating various pathologies. It also examines detailed imaging findings from magnetic resonance imaging, computed tomography, and radiography in relation to each pathologic condition. By providing a framework for distinguishing between common and rare sacroiliac joint disorders and axial spondyloarthritis, this article will enhance diagnostic accuracy and offer insights into the anatomical nuances that impact clinical and imaging assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"29 2","pages":"210-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mariana Batista Rosa Pinto, Isabela Azevedo Nicodemos da Cruz, Paulo de Tarso Kawakami Perez, Marcelo Astolfi Caetano Nico, Alípio Gomes Ormond Filho, Julio Brandão Guimarães
{"title":"Whole-body Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Inflammatory Spine and Joint Disease.","authors":"Mariana Batista Rosa Pinto, Isabela Azevedo Nicodemos da Cruz, Paulo de Tarso Kawakami Perez, Marcelo Astolfi Caetano Nico, Alípio Gomes Ormond Filho, Julio Brandão Guimarães","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1802662","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1802662","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (WB-MRI) can effectively diagnose rheumatologic diseases with systemic and multifocal characteristics, such as spondyloarthritis, chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis, and synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis, and osteitis (SAPHO) syndrome, among others. Advances in rheumatic disease treatments have emphasized the importance of early diagnosis for effective management, function preservation, and improved quality of life. WB-MRI offers comprehensive imaging of the musculoskeletal system, detecting early and subtle disease changes that traditional methods might overlook. Initially used for spondyloarthritis, the technique has recently expanded to other rheumatic diseases and is becoming the gold standard for diagnosing and monitoring chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis in pediatric patients. This review article presents the current status of WB-MRI in rheumatologic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"29 2","pages":"302-314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Updates in Deposition Arthritis Other Than Gout.","authors":"Mark Kong, Huw Walters, James Teh","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1802661","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1802661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article focuses on updates in calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease (CPPD) and basic calcium phosphate deposition (BCPD), highlighting recent advances in imaging and the understanding of these conditions. It explores their clinical presentations, crystal formation mechanisms, and diagnostic challenges. CPPD and BCPD are often underrecognized causes of arthritis, and recent imaging diagnostic criteria are presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"29 2","pages":"275-292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cedric Lycke, Lennart B O Jans, Elke Vereecke, Jacob L Jaremko, Thomas Van Den Berghe, Koenraad J Mortele, Nele Herregods, Eva Schiettecatte, Robert Gosselin, Min Chen, Lieve Morbée
{"title":"Chest and Chest Wall Manifestations in Rheumatic Diseases.","authors":"Cedric Lycke, Lennart B O Jans, Elke Vereecke, Jacob L Jaremko, Thomas Van Den Berghe, Koenraad J Mortele, Nele Herregods, Eva Schiettecatte, Robert Gosselin, Min Chen, Lieve Morbée","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1802663","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1802663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thoracic involvement is common in patients with rheumatic diseases, contributing to significant morbidity and mortality. Early detection and prompt treatment may prevent the establishment of irreversible changes, thus improving patients' outcomes. Imaging studies play a vital role in the early detection of chest and chest wall manifestations, especially in patients with subclinical disease. Familiarity with the frequently affected thoracic regions and their presentation on imaging is therefore essential for practicing radiologists to provide an accurate assessment of the disease burden and treatment response. This review summarizes the common and less well-known chest and chest wall imaging features of rheumatic diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"29 2","pages":"167-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dov Rosenbaum, Arthur B Meyers, Patricia Vega-Fernandez, Samuel Sisay Hailu, Carlos Yaya-Quezada, Jie C Nguyen
{"title":"Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis and Spondylarthritis.","authors":"Dov Rosenbaum, Arthur B Meyers, Patricia Vega-Fernandez, Samuel Sisay Hailu, Carlos Yaya-Quezada, Jie C Nguyen","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1802652","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1802652","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a heterogeneous disorder affecting children < 16 years of age. The clinical heterogeneity translates to imaging, where no specific joint is affected. This article highlights a general imaging approach to JIA, using specific examples of the knee, hand, and wrist as the typical joints affected. We then focus on unique joints that are commonly affected by JIA: the temporomandibular joint, the joints of the upper cervical spine, and the sacroiliac joint. For these latter anatomical sites, regional anatomy and development, location-specific imaging considerations, and arthritis, treatment decision making, and potential differential considerations are reviewed. We highlight, where applicable, a multimodal approach to imaging using developed or developing standardized scoring systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"29 2","pages":"249-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sundar Suwal, Ashish Singh, Klenam Dzefi-Tettey, Mary Elizabeth Buchanan
{"title":"Role of Imaging in Nondegenerative Arthritis in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.","authors":"Sundar Suwal, Ashish Singh, Klenam Dzefi-Tettey, Mary Elizabeth Buchanan","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1802953","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1802953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Arthritis is an important cause of disability globally, with high prevalence in low- and middle-income countries. Although osteoarthritis is the most common type of arthritis, various types of nondegenerative arthritis are prevalent in low- and middle-income countries. Multiple imaging modalities, such as radiography, ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging, are helpful in diagnosing and prognosticating arthritis. Although imaging appearances can overlap between types of arthritis, specific imaging findings have been described for the different etiologies. Knowing these imaging findings, especially on radiographs and ultrasound in resource-constrained areas, can be helpful in managing arthritis effectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"29 2","pages":"315-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction to the Special Issue on Arthritis.","authors":"Aline Serfaty, Alexander N Merkle","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1802659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0045-1802659","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"29 2","pages":"143-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iwona Sudoł-Szopińska, Torsten Diekhof, Ewa Żelnio, James Teh
{"title":"Radiography in Inflammatory Arthritis: Current Roles and Updates in Automated Assessment.","authors":"Iwona Sudoł-Szopińska, Torsten Diekhof, Ewa Żelnio, James Teh","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1802349","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1802349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plain radiography continues to be a crucial imaging modality in the field of rheumatology. It provides a comprehensive view of bone-related changes and highlights soft tissue abnormalities. The significance of radiography extends to early disease detection, aiding in differentiating various conditions and monitoring the effectiveness of treatment. It remains the preferred imaging technique for evaluating disease progression, offering insights into cumulative damage over time.In the early stages of arthritis, magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasound are the preferred methods because they can identify subtle disease activity, such as synovitis, tenosynovitis, and dactylitis, osteitis or bone edema, and enthesitis. But they have a lower specificity in distinguishing among various rheumatic conditions.We evaluate the use of radiography in inflammatory arthropathies, highlighting its role in differential diagnoses. Advances in automated radiographic assessment for arthritis are addressed. The discussion encompasses rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, other connective tissue diseases, and spondyloarthritis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"29 2","pages":"183-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul Chroneos, David Melville, Jeremiah Long, Vivek Nagaraja, Jonathan A Flug
{"title":"Peripheral Spondyloarthritis: Conceptualization and Diagnosis as a Distinct Rheumatologic Subset of Disease.","authors":"Paul Chroneos, David Melville, Jeremiah Long, Vivek Nagaraja, Jonathan A Flug","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1802350","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1802350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral spondyloarthritis (pSpA) encompasses multiple entities affecting the musculoskeletal system with classic findings of synovitis, enthesitis, and tenosynovitis. It remains poorly defined when compared with the axial spondyloarthritides due to nonspecific symptoms, ill-defined imaging findings, and lack of specific testable biomarkers. Previous research has tried to distinguish between the two disease entities using clinical presentations, scoring systems, and radiographic findings; however, overlap remains. We summarize the current classification of pSpA, imaging findings, and the distinction between these entities and axial spondyloarthritis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"29 2","pages":"236-248"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aline Serfaty, Diogo Miguel Machado Pereira, Tatiane Cantarelli Rodrigues
{"title":"Zero Echo Time and Similar Techniques for Structural Changes in the Sacroiliac Joints.","authors":"Aline Serfaty, Diogo Miguel Machado Pereira, Tatiane Cantarelli Rodrigues","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1802660","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1802660","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Spondyloarthritis (SpA) encompasses inflammatory disorders affecting the axial skeleton, with sacroiliitis as a hallmark feature of axial SpA (axSpA). Imaging plays a vital role in early diagnosis and disease monitoring. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred modality for detecting early inflammatory changes in axSpA, whereas structural lesions are better visualized using computed tomography (CT). However, synthetic computed tomography (sCT), a technique that generates CT-like images from MRI data, including deep learning methods, zero echo time, ultrashort echo time, and gradient-recalled echo sequences, has emerged as an innovative tool. It offers detailed anatomical resolution without ionizing radiation and combines the advantages of both, MRI and CT, by enabling the simultaneous evaluation of inflammatory and structural lesions. This review explores the potential role of MRI-based sCT in assessing structural changes in the sacroiliac joints, particularly in the context of axSpA, discussing conventional imaging and highlighting the potential of sCT to enhance early detection and monitoring of sacroiliitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49545,"journal":{"name":"Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology","volume":"29 2","pages":"221-235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}