Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory最新文献

{"title":"Development and evaluation of digital twin model for rack and pinion drive vegetable seedling transmission device using Adams/MATLAB co-simulation","authors":"Ibrar Ahmad ,&nbsp;Bushra Siddique ,&nbsp;Muhammad Adnan Islam ,&nbsp;Zia Ul Haq ,&nbsp;Ziang Niu ,&nbsp;Muhammad Mohsin Waqas ,&nbsp;Qizhi Yang ,&nbsp;Zhengjun Qiu","doi":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A sustainable design and optimized control system for the vegetable seedling transmission device is crucial for enhancing the operational speed and precision of fully automatic vegetable seedling transplanters. The incorporation of virtual prototype modeling for optimizing the design and control of these seedling devices has not been sufficiently explored in prior studies. Goal of this research is to develop and validate a digital twin model that will serve as a foundation for optimizing the design and control of seedling devices used in robotic transplanters. This study presents a state-of-the-art digital twin model of rack and pinion drive seedling transmission device utilizing Adams/MATLAB co-simulation. The findings demonstrate a robust correspondence between digital twin model and physical prototype, exhibiting a maximum linear positioning error discrepancy of 0.95 mm, a maximum relative positioning error of 3.17 and coefficient of determination (<span><math><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></math></span>) values approximately equal to 1. Angular positioning error ranged from 3.73° to 7.98° as seedling rates increased from 90 to 140 seedlings/mi. Furthermore, precise activation and deactivation of the seedling cups opening mechanism was observed during the seedling transmission schedule. This digital twin model accurately represents the physical model of seedling device which can be utilized for design and control optimization. Potential future applications of this digital twin model include enhancing efficiency of robotic transplanters and mitigating environmental impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49518,"journal":{"name":"Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 103132"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144068119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study crowd following behaviors with dynamic groups","authors":"Bin Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To use the concept of dynamic group to study crowd following behaviors, group related rules considering pedestrians’ movement characteristics under relevant configurations are proposed. A hierarchy of individual and subordinate leader–follower groups is devised. The hierarchy is allowed to alter in the run-time so that groups can be dynamically added or removed. Through this method, crowd following behaviors can be modeled with the concept of group in simulations. Data structures and algorithms are designed in order to implement the proposed method into a GPU-based heterogeneous computing platform. Numerical experiments demonstrate the model’s capability to capture phenomena such as self-organization of pedestrian lanes. By calibrating density-dependent parameters, the simulated speed-density relationship shows consistency with the Weidmann fundamental diagram under conditions dominated by dynamic following behaviors. Since such dynamic behaviors are key factors in crowd flows, this work suggests that dynamic group modeling can provide new insights for transportation researchers studying collective dynamics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49518,"journal":{"name":"Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 103129"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing blockchain and DAG technologies for smart agriculture traceability in terms of efficiency and latency","authors":"Antonio Villafranca ,&nbsp;Igor Tasic ,&nbsp;Victor Gallegos ,&nbsp;Almudena Gimenez ,&nbsp;Jesus Ochoa Rego ,&nbsp;Juan Antonio Fernandez ,&nbsp;Maria-Dolores Cano","doi":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLT), such as Bitcoin, Ethereum, and Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAG), are being positioned as a promising solution for smart agriculture by enabling secure, decentralized, and transparent traceability systems. However, these technologies face challenges related to scalability, latency, and efficiency in IoT environments. In this study, we conduct a comparative analysis of Bitcoin, Ethereum, and DAG technologies through extensive simulations, varying transaction generation rates and network latencies. A key methodological innovation of this research is the detailed codification of agricultural data transactions, encompassing parameters such as crop type, fertilization, harvesting, and transportation, enabling a structured and scalable approach to data representation. Our results reveal that Bitcoin's robustness is hindered by its high sensitivity to latency and network load, with inclusion times exceeding 700 s. Ethereum demonstrates better adaptability, with controlled inclusion times ranging from 12.91 to 35.76 s under varying conditions. DAG outperforms both, achieving significantly lower inclusion times between 4.27 and 22.25 s, highlighting its suitability for real-time applications. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to provide a direct comparison of these technologies in the context of agricultural traceability, showcasing the advantages and limitations of DAG-based systems for managing and scaling agricultural IoT networks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49518,"journal":{"name":"Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 103131"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143903627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction of core size and power losses of a soft composite magnetic gear","authors":"Taner Dindar ,&nbsp;Kadir Yilmaz","doi":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to achieve low-volume torque transmission with high efficiency by using a coaxial magnetic gear in vehicle powertrain systems. In this study, the magnetic properties of non-oriented electrical steel (M400–50A), cobalt alloy steel (Vacodur 50), and soft magnetic composite (Somoloy 700HR 5P) materials containing isolated iron particles are examined in detail. For the coaxial magnetic gear with a high-speed side of 6000 rpm, a low-speed side of 1800 rpm, and a 3.33:1 gear ratio, a magnetic comparison of the materials at low and high frequencies is presented. Power losses, volumetric torque density, and efficiency analyses for magnetic gears of the same size were performed using Ansys Maxwell 2D finite element software. The numerical analyses revealed that the Vacodur 50 provided superior performance compared to the other materials. It was found that without changing the magnet volume, the magnetic gear dimensions could be improved by approximately 2.67 % compared to M400–50A and by approximately 4.17 % compared to Somoloy 700HR 5P, while maintaining the same efficiency values. In conclusion, the use of Vacodur 50 in magnetic gears allows for more compact designs in vehicle powertrain systems than other materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49518,"journal":{"name":"Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 103135"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143912281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing of slider-crank and Scotch-yoke mechanisms by the use of mechanical resonance: Simulation and experiment","authors":"Willy Prastiyo,&nbsp;Wiesław Fiebig","doi":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unbalanced inertia forces, moments, and torques in slider-crank and Scotch-yoke mechanisms adversely affect performance, leading to vibrations, stress, and accelerated wear. This paper presents the application of mechanical resonance as a solution to mitigate these drawbacks. The modeling and investigations involve multibody simulations incorporating both rigid and flexible bodies, alongside experimental tests in various scenarios. The synthesis section covers the explanation of techniques for generating resonance, achieving optimal reciprocating body positioning, and gravity compensation. The analysis and comparison section examines and contrasts the input torque, reaction forces on the joints, shaking forces, shaking moments, and stresses in the bodies between the conventional and resonance setups. The findings indicate significantly improved dynamics under resonance conditions for both mechanisms. In the absence of non-conservative forces, the slider-crank mechanism experiences a reduction of up to 79.99 % for peak joint reaction force, 76.74 % for the RMS value, 81.6 % for peak inertia torque, and 82.2 % for RMS torque. Resonance in the Scotch-yoke mechanism entirely reduces torque fluctuation due to the harmonic nature of slider motion, thus practically eliminating reaction forces at main kinematic pairs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49518,"journal":{"name":"Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 103137"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A modular configuration-based rapid verification and validation framework combining analytical and simulation methods for intelligent manufacturing systems","authors":"Shulian Xie,&nbsp;Weimin Zhang,&nbsp;Mulin Shen,&nbsp;Feng Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Verification and Validation (V&amp;V) are crucial steps in the design to operation process of manufacturing systems to ensure the accuracy, safety, and reliability. The development of intelligent manufacturing technology and the acceleration of market changes are driving the increase of complexity and flexibility of manufacturing systems and the shortening of development cycles. These enhance the comprehensiveness, efficiency, and automation requirements of V&amp;V. However, existing V&amp;V schemes and cases cannot fully utilize the complementary advantages of analytical and simulation methods. It is difficult to meet the effective V&amp;V requirements of complex intelligent manufacturing systems. This study proposes a modular configuration-based manufacturing system V&amp;V framework combining analytical and simulation methods for rapid V&amp;V of manufacturing systems. The construction method of modular configurations of manufacturing systems is explored. The modular configuration has been divided into the component function, system logic, and joint model sub-configurations and modularly packaged and integrated based on Asset Administration Shells (AAS). A rapid V&amp;V process for manufacturing systems has been established. This process employs a test-module-driven approach to achieve configuration-based V&amp;V testing of manufacturing systems. It supports synchronized co-simulation with equipment, software, and models in the loop. Finally, a simple manufacturing system V&amp;V case was provided as an implementation reference. The proposed framework can demonstrate the rapid V&amp;V of intelligent manufacturing systems and contribute to the development of automated V&amp;V tools.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49518,"journal":{"name":"Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 103136"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143907762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent dynamic bandwidth allocation for real-time IoT in fog-based optical networks","authors":"Mohannad Alhafnawi ,&nbsp;Ashraf Abu-Ein ,&nbsp;Haythem Bany Salameh ,&nbsp;Yaser Jararweh ,&nbsp;Obaida Al-Hazaimeh","doi":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) applications has led to an exponential increase in data traffic, which is imposing a significant burden on existing network infrastructures. Ethernet Passive Optical Networks (EPONs) within fog computing environments are critical for supporting real-time IoT applications because of their high bandwidth and low-latency capabilities. However, traditional static bandwidth allocation methods designed for EPONs do not accommodate the dynamic and heterogeneous nature of real-time IoT traffic, leading to inefficient resource utilization and service degradation. This paper proposes a reinforcement learning (RL)-driven fog-based dynamic bandwidth allocation (DBA) framework to optimize resource management in EPONs with multi-optical edge devices (OEDs) within cloud-fog computing environments. The framework improves bandwidth distribution for OEDs connected to IoT access points through a fog server, ensuring adaptive real-time dynamic bandwidth allocation. Specifically, this paper formulates the bandwidth allocation problem as a constrained profit-maximization discounted return problem, which cannot be directly solved using traditional optimization methods due to the dynamic and uncertain nature of the IoT traffic. To effectively solve this problem, this paper models the bandwidth allocation problem as a Markov Decision Process (MDP), which can be solved using RL without requiring prior traffic knowledge. Through a continuous real-time learning process, the proposed algorithm learns the IoT traffic dynamics and then adaptively optimizes bandwidth allocation at the fog layer, resulting in improved system efficiency and adaptability. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared to conventional bandwidth allocation algorithms designed for fog-based EPONs (i.e., equal distribution and moving average algorithms), the proposed RL-based framework significantly improves bandwidth utilization and reduces blocking probability related to IoT networks by dynamically adjusting bandwidth allocation based on the learned real-time traffic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49518,"journal":{"name":"Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 103126"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HGWO-MultiQoS: A hybrid grey wolf optimization approach for QoS-constrained workflow scheduling in IaaS clouds","authors":"Dharavath Ramesh ,&nbsp;Sai Sampath Kolla ,&nbsp;Debadatta Naik ,&nbsp;Ramarao Narvaneni","doi":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cloud computing provides a robust platform for deploying complex scientific applications, offering vast computational resources with flexible provisioning. However, achieving near optimal balance among multiple Quality of Service (QoS) parameters, such as cost, execution time, and load balancing, remains an ongoing challenge in workflow scheduling. While numerous scheduling approaches have been proposed over the years, many struggle to efficiently handle dynamic cloud environments and prevent resource overload. This paper presents the Hybrid Grey Wolf Optimization (HGWO) algorithm, an advanced scheduling approach that combines Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO) with Simulated Annealing (SA) to enhance workflow scheduling in cloud environments. HGWO optimizes makespan and execution cost while ensuring effective load balancing across virtual machines, thereby preventing resource congestion and improving efficiency. Additionally, a penalty function is introduced to eliminate solutions that violate budget and deadline constraints, ensuring strict adherence to QoS requirements. Experimental results demonstrate that HGWO outperforms standard GWO, particularly in maintaining balanced workloads and optimizing scheduling efficiency under dynamic conditions. By addressing multiple QoS factors while ensuring adaptability, the proposed approach provides a scalable and effective solution for cloud workflow scheduling. This work contributes to improving resource utilization and system reliability, offering promising directions for future research and practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49518,"journal":{"name":"Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 103127"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topology Rewiring Strategies to construct robust scale-free medical Internet of Things Networks","authors":"Muhammad Awais Khan ,&nbsp;Nadeem Javaid ,&nbsp;Nabil Alrajeh ,&nbsp;Safdar Hussain Bouk","doi":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Internet of Things (IoT) network topologies are now most commonly impacted by cyberattacks. The scale-free network topologies have demonstrated great robustness against random attacks by preserving the connectedness of the nodes. The scale-free network topologies’ susceptibility to malicious attacks, however, is a significant worry. It is due to the significance of the scale-free networks in different fields of life like medical, transportation, education, agriculture, etc. Also, high-degree node removal diminishes the network’s resiliency and compromises the connection of the majority of nodes. In this study, we offer several rewiring techniques for building scale-free, reliable Medical Internet of Things (MIoT) networks that can withstand malicious attacks. Initially, the scale-free MIoT network’s performance optimization is ensured using a heuristic algorithm known as the Great Deluge Algorithm (GDA). Then, four rewiring strategies are formulated. The initial approach is degree dissortativity, which rewires the network if all nodes have high maximum connectivity to other neighbors with a similar degree. For the second strategy, we introduced a degree difference operation based on degree dissortativity to ensure that the edges that are connected possess low dissortativity and degree difference. Meanwhile, the remaining two strategies take into account the node load bound and enhanced GDA to increase network robustness. The performance of the proposed rewiring strategies is validated through simulations. The results prove that the proposed strategies increase network robustness by up to 25% compared to Hill Climbing (HC) and Simulated Annealing (SA). Additionally, the strategies show great success in improving network connectivity and graph density. However, their computational time is higher compared to HC and SA.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49518,"journal":{"name":"Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 103123"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modelling of crowd evacuation behavior considering the effects of drunken gait","authors":"Changkun Chen,&nbsp;Rongfu Yu,&nbsp;Siqi Wang,&nbsp;Qile Dai","doi":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.simpat.2025.103128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The presence of drunk crowds complicates the evacuation process compared to sober crowds. We construct a Floor-Field Cellular Automata (FFCA) model considering the role of drunken pedestrian perturbations to investigate the impact of drunken gait on pedestrian dynamics. A random floor field is constructed to simulate the drunken gait of pedestrians, considering the role of surrounding pedestrians and the random movement behaviour of \"drunken walk\". A drunkenness factor is proposed to modulate the randomness of drunken gait, and a velocity model is formulated to account for the intermittent speed fluctuations observed in drunken pedestrians. In addition, a probabilistic model incorporating the coupled effects of drunkenness level and movement speed is proposed to address the pedestrian conflict. The FFCA model can reproduce some real features of the drunken evacuation process to some extent. For example, (1) Drunken pedestrian staggers while moving. (2) Blockage occurs at the gathering place of drunk pedestrians. (3) Drunken crowds are pushed to move by the flow of the crowd. The results show that drunken gait disrupts the orderly movement of pedestrians, whereas the presence of sober pedestrians can foster the formation of adaptive orderly behaviors, maintaining a orderly movement structure. When drunken pedestrians are located at the rear of the crowd flow, evacuation efficiency is higher in the early stage but the overall efficiency of the entire evacuation process is the lowest. Conversely, when distributed in the front and middle, although the gait of drunken people hinders in the early stage evacuation, sober pedestrians in the rear can act as guides and improve the overall evacuation efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49518,"journal":{"name":"Simulation Modelling Practice and Theory","volume":"142 ","pages":"Article 103128"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}