{"title":"Asymptotic stability and strict passivity of port-Hamiltonian descriptor systems via state feedback","authors":"Delin Chu , Volker Mehrmann","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While port-Hamiltonian descriptor systems are known to be stable and passive, they may not be asymptotically stable or strictly passive. Necessary and sufficient conditions are presented when these properties as well as the regularity and the index one property can be achieved via state feedback while preserving the port-Hamiltonian structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143935789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cooperative output regulation of multi-agent systems via distributed integral-type observer","authors":"Wei Zhao , Jianquan Lu , Jinling Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper is concerned with cooperative output regulation of heterogenous networks via a distributed integral-type observer. Compared with the existing literature on distributed observer, the proposed observer with time delay is less sensitive to effect of high-frequency noise, due to the characteristic of low-pass filter. For closed-loop systems, based on a small gain condition, the distributed integral-type observer holds and cooperative output regulation of heterogenous networks can be achieved. Numerical simulations are shown to demonstrate the effectiveness of cooperative regulation using the distributed integral-type observer, and an extensive comparison is concluded to show superior performance of the proposed observer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A refined looped-functional for discrete-time Markov jump systems under aperiodic sampling","authors":"Lan Yao , Xia Huang , Zhen Wang , Hao Shen","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The looped-functional and its corresponding stability analysis approach have proven highly effective for continuous-time sampled-data systems. However, for discrete-time linear systems (DLS), the looped-function approach is still lacking. A discrete looped-functional approach is proposed to investigate the asymptotic stability of DLS with Markov parameters and aperiodic sampling. Firstly, the discrete-time sampled-data system is represented as a time-delay system by using the input delay approach. Furthermore, a relaxed equivalent asymptotic stability condition is proposed, which only requires that the system state tends to zero at ordered and non-adjacent discrete instants <span><math><mrow><mo>{</mo><msub><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub><mo>}</mo></mrow></math></span>, which effectively simplify the complexity of the stability analysis. Moreover, for discrete-time systems under aperiodic sampling, based on the above equivalent condition, a novel discrete looped-functional is constructed. As an extension of the continuous looped-functional, the discrete looped-functional has the characteristic that its value is zero at <span><math><mrow><mo>{</mo><msub><mrow><mi>t</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub><mo>}</mo></mrow></math></span> and it does not impose strict constraint on the positive definiteness of the functional. By utilizing the less conservative looped-functional and the summation inequality, two asymptotic stability conditions are established. The validity of these results is verified by using a classical example, demonstrating a larger upper bound for the sampling interval compared to existing results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zhichen Han , Shengbing Zhang , Zengwang Jin , Zhen Wang
{"title":"Consensus-based distributed estimator of cyber–physical systems against false data injection attacks: A two-layer estimation approach","authors":"Zhichen Han , Shengbing Zhang , Zengwang Jin , Zhen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The problem of consensus-based distributed estimation for cyber–physical systems (CPSs) against false data injection (FDI) attacks is taken into account. Different from most research perspectives, the FDI attack is modeled with high randomness in value, target, and period. The CPSs architecture with a group of sensors and estimators is considered in the distributed estimation. A reconstructed measurement, depending on the combination of an attack detector and estimation results, is established to obtain accurate measurement data when the transmitted measurements are falsified by FDI attacks. The two-layer estimator, which includes measurement fusion estimation and interactive consensus estimation, is advanced to achieve secure consensus-based distributed estimation. In contrast to current approaches, due to accumulating measurement data from different sensors, and adopting the appropriate consensus gain matrix obtained by the Lyapunov function of estimation error, the proposed approach can realize consensus distributed estimation while requiring fewer communication resources. In addition, numerical simulations of the 2-dimension tracking system are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Smoothing gradient method for group-structured sparse feedback stabilization","authors":"Anping Tang , Jan Heiland , Guang-Da Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the problem of designing group-structured sparse feedback stabilization gain matrix for linear systems that come with the advantage of simultaneously reducing the numbers of active points of measurements and control as well as communication. The basic idea is to define a matrix norm that evaluates the sparsity of the gain matrix in general but also measures zero rows and zero columns. To make use of this measure, we use the integral performance of the state transition matrix to formulate the group-structured sparse feedback stabilization problem as an optimization problem with a convex penalty. Since the resulting problem is non-smooth, a smoothing gradient algorithm is proposed to solve the group sparse optimization problem efficiently with a convergence guarantee under suitable parameter choices. Finally, numerical examples are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143881901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kala Agbo bidi , Jean-Michel Coron , Amaury Hayat , Nathan Lichtlé
{"title":"A novel approach to feedback control with deep reinforcement learning","authors":"Kala Agbo bidi , Jean-Michel Coron , Amaury Hayat , Nathan Lichtlé","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a novel approach to feedback control design by leveraging the power of deep reinforcement learning (RL). The goal is to blend the RL methodology with mathematical analysis to extract an explicit feedback control for systems where, because of constraints or limited measurements, the classical approaches of control theory (e.g. dynamical programming, optimal control-based feedback, backstepping, etc.) cannot be used.</div><div>We study a dynamical system of mosquito populations for biological pest control using the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT), a method traditionally applied in agriculture that involves releasing large numbers of sterile insects into the wild to reduce pest populations. Our goal is to derive a feedback control that globally stabilizes the system around the zero-mosquito equilibrium using only practical measurements, such as total male and female mosquito counts, rather than detailed counts of sterilized versus potent males or fecund versus unfecund females, which are often not accessible. This physical constraint presents challenges for classical methods control theory, as the full state cannot be measured. To address this, we apply deep reinforcement learning to suggest feedback laws for a discretized system that only rely on these accessible, real-world measurements, obtainable through methods like pheromone traps. Finally, we leverage the trained neural network to extract explicit feedback controls that stabilize the original continuous system over a wide range of initial conditions.</div><div>Many other dynamical systems arising from practical applications are subject to measurement constraints, which render the stabilization problem complex from a mathematical perspective. We believe that this approach could help in finding new solutions to these problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106102"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143886057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chao Huang , Siliang Yu , Hyungbo Shim , Brian D.O. Anderson
{"title":"Two algorithms for distributed mode computing based on blended dynamics approach","authors":"Chao Huang , Siliang Yu , Hyungbo Shim , Brian D.O. Anderson","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106082","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106082","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper studies the distributed mode computing problem in a multi-agent system, in which each individual agent possesses a certain attribute and the agent group aims to agree upon the mode (the most frequent attribute owned by the agents) via distributed computing. Two algorithms are proposed, the first one estimates the frequency of all attributes at every agent, and then identifies the most frequent attribute as the mode; the second is based on a distributed consensus protocol that renders all the agents agreeing on an attribute whose frequency is no less than a given threshold. This protocol is then used as the main building block to compute the mode via a branch-and-bound algorithm. Analysis of both algorithms establishes finite time convergence and is based on the blended dynamics approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106082"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143875064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Representation of practical nonsmooth control Lyapunov functions by piecewise affine functions and neural networks","authors":"Lars Grüne , Mario Sperl , Debasish Chatterjee","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106103","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106103","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper we give conditions under which control Lyapunov functions exist that can be represented by either piecewise affine functions or by neural networks with a suitable number of ReLU layers. The results provide a theoretical foundation for recent computational approaches for computing control Lyapunov functions with optimization-based and machine-learning techniques.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Event-triggered predefined-time tracking control for uncertain nonlinear systems with constraints related to full state information","authors":"Lihong Gao , Zhen Wang , Xia Huang , Hao Shen , Jianwei Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper addresses the event-triggered predefined-time tracking control problem for a class of uncertain nonlinear systems with unmeasurable and constrained states. State observers are designed to estimate unmeasurable states. Additionally, coordinate transformations and barrier Lyapunov functions are employed to handle state constraints effectively. An event-triggered mechanism with a switching threshold is introduced to save communication resources while preventing Zeno behavior. The proposed control strategy ensures that all closed-loop system signals remain bounded, state constraints are satisfied, and the tracking error converges to a small neighborhood of the origin within a predefined time. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is validated through a numerical example and the Van Der Pol oscillator.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Uniformly absolute exponential and polynomial stability of semi-discrete approximations for wave equation under nonlinear boundary control","authors":"Bao-Zhu Guo , Yi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2025.106101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we apply an order reduction semi-discretization scheme to a wave equation subject to nonlinear boundary control, achieving uniform stability that encompasses both exponential and polynomial stability, with uniformly absolute stability as special cases. Firstly, we showcase that the energy decay rate of the classical finite difference semi-discretized system fails to maintain uniformity with respect to the mesh size, approaching zero as mesh size tends to zero. Next, we propose a finite difference semi-discretization scheme that using the order reduction method and prove that it maintains uniform exponential or polynomial stability with respect to the mesh size. Additionally, we establish the weak convergence of the discrete solution to the continuous solution. Lastly, we conduct numerical experiments to illustrate the non-uniform stabilization of the classical finite difference semi-discretized system in relation to mesh size and validate the effectiveness of the numerical scheme derived from the finite difference method based on order reduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":"202 ","pages":"Article 106101"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}