Systems & Control Letters最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Decentralized concurrent learning with coordinated momentum and restart 具有协调动力和重启功能的分散式并发学习
IF 2.1 3区 计算机科学
Systems & Control Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105931
{"title":"Decentralized concurrent learning with coordinated momentum and restart","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper studies the stability and convergence properties of a class of multi-agent concurrent learning (CL) algorithms with momentum and restart. Such algorithms can be integrated as part of the estimation pipelines of data-enabled multi-agent control systems to enhance transient performance while maintaining stability guarantees. However, characterizing restarting policies that yield stable behaviors in decentralized CL systems, especially when the network topology of the communication graph is directed, has remained an open problem. In this paper, we provide an answer to this problem by synergistically leveraging tools from graph theory and hybrid dynamical systems theory. Specifically, we show that under a <em>cooperative richness</em> condition on the overall multi-agent system’s data, and by employing <em>coordinated</em> periodic restart with a frequency that is tempered by the <em>level of asymmetry</em> of the communication graph, the resulting decentralized dynamics exhibit robust asymptotic stability properties, characterized in terms of input-to-state stability bounds, and also achieve a desirable transient performance. To demonstrate the practical implications of the theoretical findings, three applications are also presented: cooperative parameter estimation over networks with private data sets, cooperative model-reference adaptive control, and cooperative data-enabled feedback optimization of nonlinear plants.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167691124002196/pdfft?md5=ec6b5a64341c73056f138b92e2989a77&pid=1-s2.0-S0167691124002196-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142310813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
MPC without terminal ingredients tailored to the SEIR compartmental epidemic model 根据 SEIR 分区流行病模型定制的不含终端成分的 MPC
IF 2.1 3区 计算机科学
Systems & Control Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105908
{"title":"MPC without terminal ingredients tailored to the SEIR compartmental epidemic model","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We consider the SEIR compartmental epidemic model subject to state and input constraints (a cap on the proportion of infectious individuals and limits on the allowed social distancing and quarantining measures, respectively). We present a tailored model predictive control (MPC) scheme without terminal conditions. We rigorously show recursive feasibility and asymptotic convergence of the MPC closed loop to the continuum of disease-free equilibrium points for suitably designed quadratic running cost and a sufficiently long prediction horizon (forecast window). Moreover, we establish the viability kernel (a.k.a. the admissible set) as a domain of attraction of the continuum of equilibria.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167691124001968/pdfft?md5=3b1f5a01afcdae8094bea922be373d4d&pid=1-s2.0-S0167691124001968-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142310812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stability radius and dichotomy radius of infinite-dimensional linear systems under unbounded perturbations via Yosida distance 通过约西达距离计算无界扰动下无穷维线性系统的稳定半径和二分半径
IF 2.1 3区 计算机科学
Systems & Control Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105929
{"title":"Stability radius and dichotomy radius of infinite-dimensional linear systems under unbounded perturbations via Yosida distance","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, by using the concept of Yosida distance between two closed linear operators, we study the stability radius <span><math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> of linear systems <span><math><mrow><msup><mrow><mi>u</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>′</mo></mrow></msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>u</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span>, where <span><math><mi>A</mi></math></span> is the generator of an analytic semigroup, under unbounded perturbations in this class of generators. We show that <span><math><mrow><mi>r</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><msub><mrow><mo>sup</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>s</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>R</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mrow><mo>‖</mo><mi>R</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>i</mi><mi>s</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mo>‖</mo></mrow><mrow><mi>L</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>X</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></msub></mrow></math></span>, so extending a classic result by Henrichsen and Pritchard to the infinite-dimensional case. A formula of the dichotomy radius is also established. Finally we give an estimate of the stability radius of general <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>-semigroups. Two examples from a parabolic equation are given.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142232961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sampled-data finite-dimensional observer-based control of 1-D Burgers’ equation 基于采样数据的有限维观测器控制一维布尔格斯方程
IF 2.1 3区 计算机科学
Systems & Control Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105919
{"title":"Sampled-data finite-dimensional observer-based control of 1-D Burgers’ equation","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105919","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105919","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we are concerned with the regional exponential stabilization of a 1-D Burgers’ equation under non-local/Neumann actuation and boundary measurement via a modal decomposition method. For non-local actuation, we suggest two control strategies: continuous-time control, and delayed sampled-data control implemented by zero-order hold (ZOH) device, both relying on finite-dimensional observer. For boundary actuation, we employ dynamic extension and consider an observer-based delayed sampled-data controller implemented by generalized hold device. For both cases, we suggest a direct Lyapunov method for the <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>-stability of the full-order closed-loop system. We provide efficient linear matrix inequality (LMI) conditions for finding the observer dimension, as well as upper bounds on the domain of attraction, sampling intervals and delays, that preserve the exponential stability. We prove that for some fixed upper bounds on the initial values and sampling intervals, the feasibility of LMIs for some <span><math><mi>N</mi></math></span> (dimension of the observer) implies their feasibility for <span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></math></span>. Numerical examples illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142229924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Simultaneous state and fault estimation for a class of nonlinear Markov jump systems by distributed fault-tolerant observers 分布式容错观测器对一类非线性马尔可夫跃迁系统进行同步状态和故障估计
IF 2.1 3区 计算机科学
Systems & Control Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105928
{"title":"Simultaneous state and fault estimation for a class of nonlinear Markov jump systems by distributed fault-tolerant observers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper investigates the estimation problem of a class of nonlinear Markov jump systems with actuator and sensor faults. The main goal is to design a distributed fault-tolerant observer to estimate system states and actuator faults simultaneously. Firstly, a novel distributed observer network is constructed to compensate the missing information of unobservable nodes of the system. Next, a class of new redundant sensors are set up on each distributed observer node to obtain more output measurement samples. More importantly, when some of the mentioned sensors occur faults, an index of sensor heath level is constructed to characterize the quality of the faulty sensor information. Further, a novel algorithm is designed to mask low quality output information and filter out relatively healthy one automatically. Based on the selected healthy output information, the system state and actuator fault are estimated in the case of sensor failure. Finally, an example is provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142172757","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Including stochastics in Prediction-Based Control of difference systems: Stabilizing and destabilizing by noise 在基于预测的差分系统控制中加入随机因素:通过噪声实现稳定和失稳
IF 2.1 3区 计算机科学
Systems & Control Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105918
{"title":"Including stochastics in Prediction-Based Control of difference systems: Stabilizing and destabilizing by noise","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A chaotic system <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mi>F</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> in certain cases can be stabilized with taking a weighted average of the state variable and the next-stage position <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mi>U</mi><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>+</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>I</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>U</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mi>F</mi><mrow><mo>(</mo><msub><mrow><mi>X</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow></mrow></math></span> corresponding to a modified Prediction-Based Control with a diagonal non-scalar matrix <span><math><mi>U</mi></math></span> ensuring stability of the controlled system. Sharp constants are determined for the values on the diagonal providing local stabilization. Introducing small additive noise in the control parameters keeps convergence of all solutions to the equilibrium. As noise increases, we distinguish between the cases when noise can stabilize the system while control with mean parameters does not, and those when noise destabilizes. Noise bounds allowing to lower average control intensity are determined. In the case of real eigenvalues of the Jacobian matrix being less than −1, these conditions are universal, while for complex eigenvalues, they are sharp.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167691124002068/pdfft?md5=7af46500377d934cad9fe7eb7f339e9d&pid=1-s2.0-S0167691124002068-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142167398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Robust decentralized control of coupled systems via risk sensitive control of decoupled or simple models with measure change 通过对具有度量变化的解耦模型或简单模型的风险敏感控制,实现耦合系统的稳健分散控制
IF 2.1 3区 计算机科学
Systems & Control Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105915
{"title":"Robust decentralized control of coupled systems via risk sensitive control of decoupled or simple models with measure change","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Decentralized stochastic control problems with local information involve problems where multiple agents and subsystems which are coupled via dynamics and/or cost are present. Typically, however, the dynamics of such couplings is complex and difficult to precisely model, leading to questions on robustness in control design. Additionally, when such a coupling can be modeled, the problem arrived at is typically challenging and non-convex, due to decentralization of information. In this paper, we develop a robustness framework for optimal decentralized control of interacting agents, where we show that a decentralized control problem with interacting agents can be robustly designed by considering a risk-sensitive version of non-interacting agents/particles. This leads to a tractable robust formulation where we give a bound on the value of the cost function in terms of the risk-sensitive cost function for the non-interacting case plus a term involving the “strength” of the interaction as measured by relative entropy. We will build on Gaussian measure theory and an associated variational equality. A particular application includes mean-field models consisting of (a generally large number of) interacting agents which are often hard to solve for the case with small or moderate numbers of agents, leading to an interest in effective approximations and robustness. By adapting a risk-sensitivity parameter, we also robustly control a non-symmetrically interacting problem with mean-field cost by one which is symmetric with a risk-sensitive criterion, and in the limit of small interactions, show the stability of optimal solutions to perturbations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167691124002032/pdfft?md5=5baa81faa293593d45fe0a662d44ec03&pid=1-s2.0-S0167691124002032-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142162120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stability analysis for impulsive switched systems with bounded sojourn time intervals 有界停留时间间隔的脉冲切换系统的稳定性分析
IF 2.1 3区 计算机科学
Systems & Control Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105917
{"title":"Stability analysis for impulsive switched systems with bounded sojourn time intervals","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper introduces novel methods for analyzing the stability of impulsive switched systems with bounded sojourn time intervals. We contend that existing stability results may be overly conservative when sojourn times are treated as stochastic rather than arbitrary over intervals. This motivates our investigation into stochastic stability criteria for impulsive switched systems, where the sojourn times of impulsive switching signals obey uniform distributions over intervals. Our first theoretical contribution offers an exact formula for the component-wise first moment of the state for linear impulsive switched systems, expressed in terms of a solution to an auxiliary linear time-delay system. We extend this approach to nonlinear systems by leveraging a multiple Lyapunov function assumption. Consequently, the exponential mean stability of such impulsive switched systems can be determined by assessing the stability of the auxiliary systems. Nevertheless, this method fails to establish exponential mean stability when the impulsive switched system has unstable subsystems. To address this limitation, we conduct an in-depth frequency domain analysis, revealing a common occurrence of pole-zero cancellation. Leveraging these insights, we propose a non-conservative approach for stability analysis. Simulations demonstrate that our proposed stability criteria effectively determine stability in scenarios where all subsystems are unstable, or instability when all subsystems are stable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Kinematic control of rigid-motions in space–time 时空中刚性运动的运动学控制
IF 2.1 3区 计算机科学
Systems & Control Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105913
{"title":"Kinematic control of rigid-motions in space–time","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Classically rigid-motion kinematics are formulated on the Special Euclidean Group or parameterizations of that group. However, this is an approximation of the true configuration space evolving in space–time. Moreover, the Special Euclidean Group provides a sufficiently accurate approximation to a rigid-motion when moving at non-relativistic speeds. Here we present a setting which generalizes a rigid-motion in Euclidean space to rigid-motion in space–time. A kinematic feedback law is presented and proved to almost globally stabilize a rigid-motion in space–time. This setting defines the kinematics on a class of Lie group whose inverse is a function of its transpose and associated metric tensor. It is shown that the Special Euclidean Group is a limiting case of this class of Lie group and this alternative viewpoint can be utilized in stability proofs for rigid-motion kinematic control. An example control design and stability proof on this general class of Lie group is demonstrated.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prescribed-time stability in switching systems with resets: A hybrid dynamical systems approach 带重置的开关系统中的规定时间稳定性:混合动力系统方法
IF 2.1 3区 计算机科学
Systems & Control Letters Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105910
{"title":"Prescribed-time stability in switching systems with resets: A hybrid dynamical systems approach","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105910","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.sysconle.2024.105910","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We consider the problem of achieving prescribed-time stability (PT-S) in a class of hybrid dynamical systems that incorporate switching nonlinear dynamics, exogenous inputs, and resets. By “prescribed-time stability”, we refer to the property of having the main state of the system converge to a particular compact set of interest before a given time defined <em>a priori</em> by the user. We focus on hybrid systems that achieve this property via time-varying gains. For continuous-time systems, this approach has received significant attention in recent years, with various applications in control, optimization, and estimation problems. However, its extensions beyond continuous-time systems have been limited. This gap motivates this paper, which introduces a novel class of switching conditions for switching systems with resets that incorporate time-varying gains, ensuring the PT-S property even in the presence of unstable modes. The analysis leverages tools from hybrid dynamical system’s theory, and a contraction–dilation property that is established for the hybrid time domains of the solutions of the system. We present the model and main results in a general framework, and subsequently apply them to two different problems: (a) PT control of dynamic plants with uncertainty and intermittent feedback; and (b) PT decision-making in non-cooperative switching games using algorithms that incorporate momentum, resets, and dynamic gains. Numerical results are presented to illustrate all our results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":49450,"journal":{"name":"Systems & Control Letters","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167691124001981/pdfft?md5=7113c8ef717731574333b9b3f2ebc7b1&pid=1-s2.0-S0167691124001981-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信