Transportation最新文献

{"title":"Operation extension strategy on last train timetables in urban rail transit network: A Pareto optimality-based approach","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11116-024-10483-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-024-10483-8","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>Under the increasingly prosperous nighttime economy, it is necessary to develop an operation extension strategy to optimize last train connections to improve urban rail transit service levels. A novel MILP model is proposed that aims to optimize operation extension strategy for last train timetables. Pareto's principle is adopted to deal with two goals: maximizing the social benefits and minimizing the operation costs. Given the large scale of urban rail transit (URT) networks, a hybrid &quot;Pareto + Cplex&quot; solution algorithm is devised. The algorithm decomposes the integrated optimization problem into two subproblems: adjusted line identification, and last train timetable optimization. To verify its performance, the proposed methodology was applied to the Beijing subway network. The ratio of successfully transferred passengers for the last trains across the thirteen lines increased from 46.33% to a maximum of 63.91%. Interestingly, the results show that the lines adjusted to achieve the optimized results went against common sense; the highest successful transfer rate of the last train in the network would be reached before all lines were considered as adjusted objects, and the operator could focus on a few crucial lines to significantly improve the last train connection effect. Consequently, the proposed optimization scheme assists operators in making informed decisions regarding the connections of last train timetables, leading to more scientific and refined management of URT networks.</p>","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140343572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the nonlinear relationships between human travel and road traffic congestions using taxi trajectory data","authors":"Yan Shi, Da Wang, Baoju Liu, Min Deng, Bingrong Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11116-024-10476-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-024-10476-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Urban road traffic congestion remains challenging due to global urbanisation and has caused travel delays, energy consumption, and detrimental emissions. Therefore, exploring the potential dominant factors associated with traffic congestion generation is necessary to mitigate traffic congestion. The built environment around congested areas is the core factor in the generation of traffic congestion, however, only a few considered the impact of human travel features on congested roads. We divided human travel factors into purpose- and movement-related factors and explored the nonlinear relationship between human travel factors and traffic congestion. The results from taxi travel in Wuhan show that travel purpose factors mostly impact traffic congestion on low-grade inner-city short roads, while movement factors mainly impact the periphery ring or high-grade long roads. Movement-dominant congestions are widespread but not severe. Severe traffic congestion occurs mainly due to purpose-dominant travel. For purpose-dominant congestions, all excessive POI visits may worsen traffic congestion, and higher POI mixing degree has a positive effect on reducing congestion. For movement-dominant congestions, the detour rate and congestion level show a positive dependence, and the whole travel distance and travel accomplished rate indicate a U-shaped nonlinear relationship with congestion. This study provides detailed partial dependence plots of how congestion varies with human travel factors, providing insights and locational indications for traffic participants and urban designers to reduce congestion and improve urban mobility.</p>","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140310755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of vaccination, travel load, and facemask use control strategies for controlling COVID Delta variant: the case of Sydney Metropolitan Area","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s11116-024-10471-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-024-10471-y","url":null,"abstract":"<h3>Abstract</h3> <p>The Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2, specifically identified as B.1.617.2, is responsible for the severe outbreaks witnessed globally, including in various countries and cities, with Sydney Greater Metropolitan Area (Sydney GMA) being no exception. According to scientific studies, the Delta strain exhibits increased contagion and leads to a higher incidence of vaccine breakthrough cases, posing significant challenges to pandemic control efforts. In this study, we explore the efficacy of three fundamental control strategies—namely, vaccination rates, adherence to facemask usage, and the management of travel loads—in mitigating the spread of the disease and, consequently, eliminating the Delta variant pandemic in Sydney GMA. We employ an agent-based disease spread model to thoroughly investigate these strategies. Moreover, factorial MANOVA is utilised to assess the significance of variations in the impact of diverse compliance levels with the aforementioned control strategies on various attributes of the pandemic. As complete lockdowns and stringent travel regulations have the potential to induce physical and mental distress in individuals and economic crises for countries, our study examines the interactive effects of implementing control strategies to mitigate the necessity for a full lockdown. The simulation results suggest that suppressing a pandemic with similar characteristics to Delta variant of COVID is feasible with a vaccination rate of 80% or higher, as long as travel load and activity participation are maintained at pre-COVID levels. Alternatively, a more realistic and attainable combination of control measures—a vaccination rate of 60%, a facemask usage level of 60%, and a 50% compliance level for social distancing—demonstrates comparable efficacy, leading to effective pandemic control. Notably, the vaccination rate emerges as a more potent control strategy compared to others in the elimination of the disease within society.</p>","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140139428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How shared e-scooter programs affect docked bikeshare ridership in communities of concern: a tale of two cities","authors":"Si’an Meng, Anne Brown","doi":"10.1007/s11116-024-10473-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-024-10473-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Since 2017, cities across the US have introduced shared e-scooter sharing programs that often co-exist with docked bikeshare services. Previous research has compared e-scooter and bikeshare service geographies and travel patterns, but few studies examine how shared e-scooter systems might substitute or supplement docked bikeshare trips. To fill the research gap, we treated the implementation of pilot shared e-scooter programs in the City of Chicago and the Boston metro area as quasi-natural experiments to assess how e-scooters influence docked bikeshare ridership. We obtained docked bikeshare trip data in each city and applied a difference-in-difference model with a propensity score matching method. Specifically, we investigated the effects of e-scooter sharing on docked bikeshare ridership in communities of concern, emphasizing the heterogeneous treatment effects and potential equity implications for developing micromobility systems. Results show that total micromobility trips--bikeshare plus shared e-scooters--in Chicago and Boston rose by 50% and 55%, respectively, during the pilot program. Despite the overall positive story for micromobility, shared e-scooters generally exerting negative effects on docked bikeshare ridership in both cities, with the exceptions of stations located in communities of concern, which experienced positive impacts on ridership. E-scooter pilots likewise yielded effects on how and who utilized bikeshare. Following shared e-scooter implementation, bikeshare trips lasting over 30 min increased in frequency. While the introduction of e-scooters reduced the total number of trips by both male and female subscribers, the number of trips made by male riders within communities of concern experienced an upswing. Results yield implications for policymakers seeking to increase access to micromobility services, particularly in communities of concern.</p>","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140064225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An experiential learning-based transit route choice model using large-scale smart-card data","authors":"Jacqueline Arriagada, C. Angelo Guevara, Marcela Munizaga, Song Gao","doi":"10.1007/s11116-024-10465-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-024-10465-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Taking learning into account when modelling passengers’ route choice behaviour improves understanding and forecasting of their preferences, which helps stakeholders better design public transport systems to meet user needs. Most empirical studies have neglected the relationship between current choices and passengers’ past experiences that lead to a learning process about route attributes. This study addresses this gap by using real observed choices from smart-card data to implement a route choice model that takes into account the learning process of passengers during the inauguration of a new metro line in Santiago, Chile. An instance-based learning (IBL) model is used to represent individually perceived in-vehicle travel time in the route choice model. It accounts for recency and reinforcement of experience using the power law of forgetting. The empirical evaluation uses 8 weeks of smart-card data after the introduction of the metro line. Model parameters are evaluated, and the fit and behavioural coherence achieved by the IBL route choice model is measured against a baseline model. The baseline model neglects passenger learning from experience and assumes that all passengers use only trip descriptive information in their decision-making process. The IBL route choice model outperforms the baseline model from the fourth week after the introduction of the metro line. This empirical evidence supports the notion that after the introduction of a new metro line, passengers initially rely on descriptive travel information to estimate travel times for new alternatives. After a few weeks, they begin to incorporate their own experiences to update their perceptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"145 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139988037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How does public transit serve post-secondary students in Toronto? A utility-based analysis of accessibility by transit for non-mandatory trips","authors":"Patrick Loa, Khandker Nurul Habib","doi":"10.1007/s11116-024-10469-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-024-10469-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Post-secondary students are a segment of the population whose activity-travel behaviour is not well understood. In particular, there is a relative dearth of studies that have examined the determinants of behaviours related to participation in out-of-home activities among post-secondary students. This study uses data from a web-based survey administered to students attending universities in Toronto to examine the determinants of the location choice decisions of these individuals when using transit to participate in non-mandatory activities. Additionally, count- and utility-based measures of accessibility by transit for university students in Toronto are calculated and compared. The specification of the location choice model offers insights into the determinants of location choice decisions made by university students for non-mandatory trips. The results highlight the impacts of transit level-of-service and land use attributes on location choice decisions. Moreover, the findings suggest that the impacts of these attributes can differ based on socio-demographic characteristics. The comparison of count- and utility-based accessibility measures underscores the shortcomings of the former, which stem from the treatment of all opportunities as equally attractive. The results of this study aim to contribute to the literature by offering insights into an aspect of the activity-travel behaviour of post-secondary students that has received relatively little attention. Similarly, the results of the study can be used to help inform planning decisions by shedding light on the activity-travel behaviour of a segment of the population that has typically been underrepresented in traditional household travel surveys.</p>","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139945341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing and microsimulating demographic dynamics for an integrated urban model: a comparison between logistic regression and machine learning techniques","authors":"Mohamad Ali Khalil, Mahmudur Rahman Fatmi, Muntahith Orvin","doi":"10.1007/s11116-024-10468-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-024-10468-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Studies have shown that sociodemographic attributes significantly influence individuals' transportation choices. However, not all travel demand models do not account for this effect when predicting future travel scenarios. On the other hand, current integrated urban models (IUMs) that incorporate demographic dynamics mostly rely on conventional logit models and rule-based models. These models may not be optimal for complex modeling since they do not fully capture the non-linear relationship between inputs and output. In this research, we explore the feasibility of utilizing machine learning (ML) models to enhance the prediction of demographic dynamics within our proposed IUM—known as ‘STELARS’, in conjunction with conventional logit models. To address the challenge of the black-box nature of ML, we employ an explainable AI technique (xAI) to gain insights into the influence of the factors and compare them with the interpretation revealed by the logit models. Three demographic components are considered: marriage/common-law formation, separation and divorce, and childbirth events, while other components were developed using rate-based models. The results (on the testing dataset) indicate that ML models outperform conventional logit models in terms of overall accuracy by a margin of up-to 3%. However, when considering the true positive accuracy (correctly predicting the event of interest), a significant improvement of 30–48% is observed. Additionally, the xAI analysis reveals consistent interpretation with the logit model. Subsequently, we implemented our demographic dynamics module within our integrated urban modeling system to predict population changes in the Okanagan region of Canada. The multi-year validation of the simulation results against Census data suggests a reasonably close prediction of the observed population. We also optimize the runtime of the demographic dynamics module using vectorization, reducing the simulation time for the demographic changes in our study area (comprising approximately 200,000 individuals living in 85,000 households) to just about 100 s for the total 10 years of simulation. The development and implementation of this advanced demographic dynamics module to accurately predict the life events of individuals adds a fundamental capacity to the STELARS to be built as an event-based microsimulation model.</p>","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139945338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The car-free journey to, and through, parenthood","authors":"Jennifer L. Kent","doi":"10.1007/s11116-024-10466-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-024-10466-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In the context of increasing urgency and interest in the need to reduce private car dependence, it is surprising that we know very little about people who choose to live without cars. This is particularly so for those living through life-stages, and in structural and cultural contexts, generally associated with private car use. Parenting children is one such life-stage. The common understanding is that the vulnerabilities and complexities associated with parenting are best attenuated by the autonomy, security and seclusion of the private car. Others, by choice or circumstance, parent by ‘altermobility’ – without the private car. Using data from in-depth interviews with car-free parents of young children in Sydney, Australia, this paper records how parents come to live without private cars in a city that is dominated by structures, cultures and expectations of private car use. It proposes travel trajectories based on past and present events, experiences and inclinations. In doing so, the paper exposes the sheer complexity of influences of the past on present and future mobility practices, calling into question linear understandings of travel socialisation and mobility biography research. Automobile childhoods, for example, do not necessarily produce car-dependent adults. And the onset of parenthood is not necessarily a time of increased private car attachment. In conclusion, the findings query assumptions about the impact of the early years of parenting on private car dependence, proposing that it is the child, not the infant, that cements the seemingly intractable bond between parenting and private car use.</p>","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"290 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139945311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of zero-car and car-owning apartment households","authors":"Chris De Gruyter, Long T. Truong, Gerard de Jong, Sarah Foster","doi":"10.1007/s11116-024-10467-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-024-10467-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While much research has explored the determinants of car ownership, there is little understanding of these factors in the context of apartment households, where off-street car parking provision is frequently stipulated by planning requirements and zero-car households are more evident. Drawing on a survey of apartment residents (n = 1316) in three Australian cities, this study aimed to understand the determinants of zero-car and car-owning apartment households. The data was analysed using binary and multinominal logistic regression, including random parameter modelling. A joint model of car ownership and off-street car parking supply was also developed to account for potential endogeneity between these two variables. The results highlight the significant association between car ownership and off-street car parking supply, alongside a range of socio-demographics, attitudes, perceptions, built environment and transport characteristics. An additional off-street car parking space, on average, was found to increase the odds of having 2+ cars, compared with zero cars, by around 10 times. The findings imply that reducing off-street residential car parking requirements can play a significant role in supporting lower car ownership levels among apartment households.</p>","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139915893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A deep semi-supervised machine learning algorithm for detecting transportation modes based on GPS tracking data","authors":"Paria Sadeghian, Arman Golshan, Mia Xiaoyun Zhao, Johan Håkansson","doi":"10.1007/s11116-024-10472-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-024-10472-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Transportation research has benefited from GPS tracking devices since a higher volume of data can be acquired. Trip information such as travel speed, time, and most visited locations can be easily extracted from raw GPS tracking data. However, transportation modes cannot be extracted directly and require more complex analytical processes. Common approaches for detecting travel modes heavily depend on manual labelling of trajectories with accurate trip information, which is inefficient in many aspects. This paper proposes a method of semi-supervised machine learning by using minimal labelled data. The method can accept GPS trajectory with adjustable length and extract latent information with long short-term memory (LSTM) Autoencoder. The method adopts a deep neural network architecture with three hidden layers to map the latent information to detect transportation mode. The proposed method is assessed by applying it to the case study where an accuracy of 93.94% can be achieved, which significantly outperforms similar studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49419,"journal":{"name":"Transportation","volume":"258 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2024-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139901749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}