Biophysics最新文献

{"title":"Activation of the Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Significantly Contributes to Oxidative Stress in the Aorta of Rats with Alloxan-Induced Diabetes","authors":"T. V. Samokhvalova,&nbsp;A. F. Korystova,&nbsp;V. V. Shaposhnikova,&nbsp;Y. N. Korystov","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700903","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Changes in the activity of the angiotensin converting enzyme and the production of reactive oxygen species in the rat aorta during diabetes induction by alloxan have been studied. The activity of the angiotensin converting enzyme in the aortic segments was determined by the hydrolysis of hippuryl-L-histidyl-L-leucine and the formation of reactive oxygen species was determined by the oxidation of dichlorodihydrofluorescein. It has been shown that the activity of the angiotensin converting enzyme increases with an increase in blood glucose concentration to a maximum value at a glucose concentration of 12 mM and does not increase with a further increase in glucose levels. In contrast to the activity of the angiotensin converting enzyme, the formation of reactive oxygen species increases with increasing glucose concentration over the entire studied concentration range (up to 24 mM). Experiments with enalapril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, have shown that it completely prevents an increase in the rate of formation of reactive oxygen species up to a glucose concentration of 12 mM (100% contribution of activation of angiotensin converting enzyme to an increase in the formation of reactive oxygen species), but at higher levels the effectiveness of enalapril decreases (about 30% contribution of activation of angiotensin converting enzyme to an increase in formation of reactive oxygen species).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 5","pages":"842 - 846"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of Protein–Protein Interactions of Human Pioneer Transcription Factors Based on Predictions of the Structures of Their Complexes","authors":"U. N. Khasanova,&nbsp;A. K. Gribkova,&nbsp;T. A. Romanova,&nbsp;A. K. Shaytan,&nbsp;G. A. Armeev","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700800","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pioneering transcription factors from the Yamanaka cocktail carry out cell reprogramming. These proteins bind to heterochromatin, promote its opening, and attract proteins to alter the epigenetic landscape and activate transcription. However, there is no information in the literature about which chromatin proteins are attracted through direct protein-protein interactions with pioneer transcription factors. In this study, we used neural network algorithms to predict potential protein-protein complexes of three proteins from the Yamanaka cocktail (SOX2, OCT4, and KLF4), and performed a structural and functional analysis of the resulting complexes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 5","pages":"737 - 752"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of the Interactions of Methyl-β-Cyclodextrin and Amphotericin B with Erythrocyte Membrane Components by Molecular Docking","authors":"L. O. Sokolova,&nbsp;M. S. Kondratyev,&nbsp;E. A. Kalaeva,&nbsp;V. G. Artyukhov,&nbsp;M. A. Nakvasina","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700824","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700824","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aim of this work was to analyze the interactions of methyl-β-cyclodextrin and amphotericin B (AmB) with spectrin, actin, and hemoglobin by the method of molecular docking. The protein structures were taken from PDB. The full-atom models of proteins were “cleaned” of water molecules and buffer components, surface charge arrangement was performed, and cells were selected for “blind” docking. The structural formulas of methyl-β-cyclodextrin and amphotericin B were taken from PubChem and converted to HyperChem. Geometrical optimization was performed using the MM+ model potential; rigid/fixed structures were optimized using the PM3 semi-empirical quantum chemical method. The protein–ligand complex interactions were described using PLIP. The total binding energy for all complexes ranged from –4.4 to –10.3 kcal/mol. The complexes were formed due to hydrogen and van der Waals bonds and salt bridges. Visualization of the most energetically advantageous positions confirmed that both amphotericin B and methyl-β-cyclodextrin were located in the central cavities of hemoglobin and actin and in the distal sites of the α- and β-subunits of spectrin. Amphotericin B formed more stable complexes with each of the proteins: the strength of hydrogen bonds and the number of hydrophobic contacts with the proteins were higher than for complexes with methyl-β-cyclodextrin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 5","pages":"762 - 773"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immutable and Variable Mechanisms in Synaptic Modulation of Various Types of Skeletal Muscles","authors":"A. N. Gorshunova,&nbsp;A. U. Ziganshin,&nbsp;S. N. Grishin,&nbsp;A. Sh. Gabdrakhmanov,&nbsp;A. E. Khairullin","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700885","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700885","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>An overview of data on studies of multi-vector, as well as the persistence of unidirectional synaptic modulation in various types of motor units, is presented. As is known, modulators of synaptic transmission are numerous. These include the main mediators directly involved in this synapse, neuropeptides (endorphins and enkephalins, calcitonin, substance P, etc.), fatty acid derivatives (arachidonic acid and eicosanoids), gaseous mediators (NO, CO, and H₂S), as well as purines and pyrimidines (extracellular ATP, adenosine, etc.). Using the example of data analysis based on the results of the action of the most effective neuromodulators, purines, both their constant and variable effects in the synaptic modulation of various types of skeletal muscles were revealed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 5","pages":"825 - 834"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antitumor Efficacy of Combined Use of Drugs Containing Noble Metals, Gold and Silver Polyacrylates and Cisplatin","authors":"L. A. Ostrovskaya,&nbsp;D. B. Korman,&nbsp;N. V. Bluhterova,&nbsp;V. A. Rykova,&nbsp;K. A. Abzaeva","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700897","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700897","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The possibility of combined use of compounds containing precious metals, gold, silver, and cisplatin polyacrylates in experimental animal tumor models has been investigated. An additive effect has been found upon combined use of cisplatin and aurumacryl (Acatol adenocarcinoma and Lewis lung carcinoma) and the therapeutic synergism of the combination of cisplatin with argacryl (Lewis lung carcinoma). A tumor that recurs after exposure to cisplatin retains the sensitivity inherent in the original tumor to both cisplatin and argacryl (Lewis lung carcinoma).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 5","pages":"835 - 841"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the Effect of Photobiomodulation on the Human Intestinal Microbiota In Vitro under Normal Conditions and after Cryopreservation","authors":"R. N. Khramov,&nbsp;L. V. Zalomova,&nbsp;E. E. Fesenko Jr.","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925701180","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925701180","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Violation of the composition of the human intestinal microbiota is a key factor in the development of many diseases. Existing correction methods (probiotics, microbial transplantation, etc.) are often invasive or insufficiently effective. Photobiomodulation is a promising noninvasive approach, but its direct effect on the microbiota in vitro has not been studied. The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of photobiomodulation with red (660 nm) and near-infrared (940 nm) light on the restoration of microbiota after cryogenic damage used as a stress model. The whole microbiota of donors isolated from stool samples and a pure culture of <i>Bifidobacterium breve</i> were frozen in liquid nitrogen, which led to the death of ~50% of cells. The samples were thawed and irradiated with light in the low dose range of 10–600 J/m². The viability of microorganisms was assessed using a LIVE/DEAD dye test kit. For <i>B. breve</i>, the growth dynamics under anaerobic conditions during cultivation on a microplate was also evaluated. Photobiomodulation did not significantly affect the survival of intact microorganisms. On the contrary, near-infrared irradiation significantly (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) increased the viability of microorganisms after cryopreservation, both intestinal microbiota with a maximum effect of +43% at a dose of 40 J/m² and <i>B. breve</i> with maxima of +10% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) at doses of 40 and 80 J/m². For <i>B. breve</i>, growth stimulation was noted by 8% (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) during cultivation. Irradiation with 660 nm red light had no pronounced effects. It has been shown for the first time that photobiomodulation with near-infrared light is able to effectively restore viability in experiments on human microbiota and culture of <i>B. breve</i> microorganisms in vitro after cryogenic damage. Cryopreservation can be used as a model of damage to the intestinal microbiota to screen for physical and chemical factors that potentiate the recovery of microorganisms. The results obtained open up prospects for the development of noninvasive methods of rehabilitation and treatment of diseases associated with human dysbiosis based on transabdominal photobiomodulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 6","pages":"1090 - 1097"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Antiorthostatic Suspension on Sperm Parameters of Mus musculus Mice","authors":"K. K. Gogichaeva,&nbsp;R. V. Serebryakova,&nbsp;D. I. Fomina,&nbsp;Yu. S. Zhdankina,&nbsp;N. S. Biryukov,&nbsp;O. V. Kotov,&nbsp;I. V. Ogneva","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700915","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effect of 30-day antiorthostatic hanging of male <i>Mus musculus</i> mice on spermogram parameters, including the use of essential phospholipids, was studied. The concentration and motility of spermatozoa were measured and the fertilizing ability, the content of cholesterol, calcium ions and cytoskeletal proteins in spermatozoa were assessed. To assess the specificity of changes in spermatozoa, the contents of cholesterol and cytoskeletal proteins were determined using buccal epithelial cells. It was shown that anti-orthostatic hanging led to a decrease in the proportion of fertilized oocytes and the absence of 2–4-cell embryos, but the use of essential phospholipids prevented these changes. The observed increase in the cholesterol content in spermatozoa, which is nonspecific due to similar changes in buccal epithelial cells, in response to anti-orthostatic hanging, as well as the accumulation of calcium ions, could change the effectiveness of capacitation and cause a decrease in fertilizing capacity, which requires further research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 5","pages":"847 - 856"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitochondrial DNA Deletions in Peripheral Blood of the Offspring of Workers Exposed to Occupational Chronic Ionizing Irradiation","authors":"M. G. Lomaeva,&nbsp;M. L. Zakharova,&nbsp;T. V. Azizova,&nbsp;V. N. Antipova","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925700927","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925700927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mitochondrial DNA deletions are a recognized factor in mitochondrial disorders and aging. The purpose of this work was to study the prevalence of large-scale mitochondrial DNA deletions in peripheral blood samples from offspring whose parents were the employees of the Mayak Production Association, who were exposed to combined external gamma and internal alpha irradiation in the preconception period. By PCR amplification of extended fragments, a 4977 bp deletion and deletions ranging in size from 7436 to 8044 bp were detected. It was found that the prevalence of deletions in the studied groups of these offspring shows a tendency to increase, but there were no statistically significant differences with the control group.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 5","pages":"857 - 862"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduction and Interaction of Cytochrome c with Short-Time UV-Irradiated Preparations of Manganese-Stabilizing Protein PsbO and Photosystem II Membranes","authors":"M. S. Khristin,&nbsp;T. N. Smolova,&nbsp;A. A. Khorobrykh","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925701039","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925701039","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The interaction of cytochrome <i>c</i> with the manganese-stabilizing protein PsbO and the membranes of photosystem II irradiated with ultraviolet light has been studied. It was found that the PsbO protein irradiated with ultraviolet light is able to reduce cytochrome <i>c</i>; this process is inhibited by superoxide dismutase and stimulated by catalase, which indicates the involvement of reactive oxygen species. A similar reduction of cytochrome <i>c</i> was observed with the addition of solutions of tyrosine and cystine irradiated with ultraviolet light, which confirms the role of amino acid radicals in this process. It has been shown that ultraviolet irradiation causes dimerization of the PsbO protein. Incubation with cytochrome <i>c</i> (24 h) reduces the dimer level, restoring the concentration of the monomer. The membranes of photosystem II irradiated with ultraviolet light also reduced cytochrome <i>c</i> and the reduction activity depended on the presence of PsbO in photosystem II. It has been shown that oxidized cytochrome <i>c</i> binds to the PsbO protein and photosystem II more strongly than the reduced one. The data obtained suggest that ultraviolet irradiation generates reactive groups (tyrosine radicals and thiol compounds) in the PsbO protein (both in isolated form and as part of photosystem II) that reduce cytochrome <i>c</i>. In addition, irradiation of the PsbO protein in solution leads to the formation of intermediates involving reactive oxygen species that oxidize the reduced cytochrome <i>c</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 6","pages":"960 - 969"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Characteristics of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles in the Antitumor Drugs Aurumacryl and Argacryl","authors":"L. A. Ostrovskaya,&nbsp;E. D. Nikolskaya,&nbsp;D. B. Korman,&nbsp;M. B. Sokol,&nbsp;M. A. Klimenko,&nbsp;K. A. Abzaeva,&nbsp;N. V. Bluhterova,&nbsp;I. G. Plashchina,&nbsp;L. A. Wasserman,&nbsp;V. I. Popenko","doi":"10.1134/S0006350925701143","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0006350925701143","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A number of physicochemical characteristics of gold and silver present in the active anticancer drugs Aurumacryl and Argacryl have been investigated. Gold and silver nanoparticles in these preparations were visualized under a microscope and several physicochemical parameters of the nanoparticles, such as the average diameter and zeta potential, were characterized. The concentration of nanoparticles in a liquid medium was also determined. The mechanism for the formation of metallic silver nanoparticles in Argacryl was studied using spectrophotometric and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques on Argacryl samples in the form of films and powder.</p>","PeriodicalId":493,"journal":{"name":"Biophysics","volume":"70 6","pages":"1047 - 1055"},"PeriodicalIF":4.033,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147606766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}