Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology最新文献

{"title":"Perioperative Detection of Cerebral Fat Emboli From Bone Using High-Frequency Doppler Ultrasound","authors":"Anders Hagen Jarmund ,&nbsp;Steinar Kristiansen ,&nbsp;Martin Leth-Olsen ,&nbsp;Christina Vogt ,&nbsp;Ingunn Nervik ,&nbsp;Hans Torp ,&nbsp;Erik Waage Nielsen ,&nbsp;Siri Ann Nyrnes","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Fat embolism syndrome and cerebral fat emboli are rare yet serious conditions arising from systemic distribution of bone marrow emboli. Emboli are known to produce high-intensity transient signals (HITS) in a Doppler signal. We hypothesized that both intramedullary nailing in pigs and median sternotomy in human infants cause bone marrow release, that some of these cause cerebral emboli, and that these were detectable by a new cerebral doppler ultrasound monitoring system (NeoDoppler). We also aimed to describe the intensity of HITS generated during these procedures.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Specific pathogen-free Norwegian landrace pigs were allocated to either bilateral femoral nailing or injection of autologous bone marrow (positive controls). Testing was carried out under continuous Doppler monitoring. Presence of cerebral emboli was confirmed with histology. NeoDoppler data from infants undergoing sternotomy prior to cardiac surgery were investigated for comparison.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eleven of twelve pigs were monitored with cerebral Doppler ultrasound during femoral surgery. HITS were seen in five (45%). Brain biopsies demonstrated bone marrow emboli in 11 of the 12 (92%). Four positive control pigs received intraarterial injections of bone marrow, saline, or contrast, and strong HITS were detected in all pigs (100%). Median sternotomy in eight human infants was associated with a significant increase in embolic burden; the HITS intensity was lower than HITS in pigs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>High-frequency cerebral Doppler ultrasound is a valuable tool for perioperative monitoring that can detect emboli in real-time, but sensitivity and specificity for bone marrow emboli may be limited and size-dependent.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142511614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amplitude-Modulation Frequency Optimization for Enhancing Harmonic Motion Imaging Performance of Breast Tumors in the Clinic","authors":"Yangpei Liu ,&nbsp;Md Murad Hossain ,&nbsp;Xiaoyue Judy Li ,&nbsp;Elisa E. Konofagou","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Elastography images tissue mechanical responses and infers the underlying properties to aid diagnosis and treatment response monitoring. The estimation of absolute or relative tumor properties may vary with dimensions even when the mechanical properties remain constant. Harmonic motion imaging (HMI) uses amplitude-modulated (AM) focused ultrasound to interrogate the targeted tissue's viscoelastic properties. In this study, effects of AM frequencies on HMI were investigated in terms of inclusion relative stiffness and size estimation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>AM frequencies from 200 to 600 Hz in steps of 100 Hz were considered using a 5.3-kPa phantom with cylindrical inclusions (Young's modulus: 22, 31, 44, 56 kPa, and diameter: 4.8, 8.1, 13.6, 19.8 mm) to optimize the performance of HMI in characterizing tumors with the same mechanical properties and of different dimensions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Consistent displacement ratios (DRs) (17.5% variation) of the inclusion to background were obtained with 200-Hz AM for breast-tumor-mimicking inclusions albeit a suboptimal inclusion size estimation obtained. 400-Hz was otherwise used for small and low-contrast inclusions (4.8 mm, 22 or 31 kPa). A linear relationship (R² = 0.9043) was found between the inverse DR at these frequencies and the Young's modulus ratio. 400 Hz obtained the most accurate inclusion size estimation with an overall estimation error on the lateral dimension of 0.5 mm. <em>In vivo</em> imaging of breast cancer patients (<em>n</em> = 5) was performed at 200 or 400 Hz.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results presented herein indicate that the HMI AM frequency could be optimized adaptively in cases of different applications, i.e., at 200 or 400 Hz, depending on whether aimed for consistent DR measurement for tumor response assessment or tumor margin delineation for surgical planning. HMI may thus be capable of predicting the pathologic endpoint of tumors in response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) as early as 3 weeks into treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound of Mouse Models of Hindlimb Ischemia Reveals Persistent Perfusion Deficits and Distinctive Muscle Perfusion Patterns","authors":"Alyssa B. Becker ,&nbsp;Lanlin Chen ,&nbsp;John A. Hossack ,&nbsp;Alexander L. Klibanov ,&nbsp;Brian H. Annex ,&nbsp;Brent A. French","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.08.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.08.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Mouse models of hindlimb ischemia (HLI) are used to study peripheral arterial disease and evaluate novel therapies. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a noninvasive perfusion measurement technique that is increasingly being employed in these models. The objective of this study was to evaluate two models of severe HLI by CEUS to characterize perfusion recovery and muscle perfusion patterns.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Mice undergoing double femoral artery ligation were measured by CEUS and laser Doppler perfusion imaging (LDPI) at baseline and 1–150 d postsurgery. A second group undergoing femoral artery ligation and excision was measured 1–28 d postsurgery.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>By LDPI, both surgeries showed robust perfusion recovery by 14 d postsurgery. However, by CEUS only a ∼40% perfusion recovery plateau was reached in either group. These results are consistent with our previous work, employing a less severe single femoral artery ligation, that showed perfusion in the ischemic limb does not return to normal by 150 d postsurgery. Cluster analysis of muscle perfusion patterns indicated 3–5 different patterns at day 1 postsurgery. The double ligation model yielded significantly less variable perfusion patterns, suggesting that it can provide more reproducible results.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Contrary to LDPI, perfusion as measured by CEUS never fully recovers after hindlimb surgery, even when followed 28–150 d postsurgery. Individual mice can manifest different patterns of muscle perfusion to the same surgery, but these patterns are conserved within and between different surgical techniques. These results may have significant implications for the evaluation of novel therapeutics to treat PAD in mice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perfluorobutane-Enhanced CEUS in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: Correlating Imaging Features With Liver Backgrounds and Tumor Sizes","authors":"Li Wei ,&nbsp;Hyo-Jin Kang ,&nbsp;Yun-Lin Huang ,&nbsp;Jia-Ying Cao ,&nbsp;Xiu-Yun Lu ,&nbsp;Yi Dong ,&nbsp;Jeong Min Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate Sonazoid contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) features of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) based on liver backgrounds and tumor sizes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients with histopathologically diagnosed ICC at two centers. Patients underwent Sonazoid CEUS examination at a dose of 0.0165 mL/kg before surgery or biopsy. Continuous imaging was recorded for the first 70 s, followed by intermittent scanning every 15–20 s for 5 min, with a Kupffer phase captured after an 8-min delay. Patients were categorized by liver backgrounds and tumor sizes. Two ultrasound experts evaluated the enhancement patterns of ICCAs during the arterial, portal, delayed, and Kupffer phases according to current guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From February 2019 to July 2022, a total of 85 ICC lesions were included. ICCs were categorized into normal liver (n = 24), chronic liver disease with fibrosis (n = 40), and cirrhosis (n = 21) groups based on different liver backgrounds, and into groups measuring ≤30 mm (n = 22), 31–50 mm (n = 32), and &gt;50 mm (n = 31) based on tumor sizes. Most ICCs in liver fibrosis or liver cirrhosis tended to show non-rim enhancement in arterial phase (<em>p</em> = 0.022) and relatively later washout (39.9 ± 8.5 s vs. 39.7 ± 13.0 s) compared with those on a normal liver background (28.1 ± 5.6 s) (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Based on CEUS Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System, the diagnostic performance of LR-M criteria showed an accuracy of 100% in our high-risk populations. ICCs of ≤30 mm more commonly showed non-rim enhancement in arterial phase (<em>p</em> = 0.003) and relatively later washout (41.3 ± 12.5 s) compared with larger ICCs (<em>p</em> = 0.046). In the Kupffer phase, all ICCs showed marked washout with sharp margin delineation on Sonazoid CEUS, regardless of liver backgrounds and tumor sizes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Sonazoid CEUS features of ICCs differ according to different liver backgrounds and tumor sizes. Arterial phase non-rim enhancement and relatively later washout were more commonly observed in ICCs on liver fibrosis or cirrhosis background or smaller ICCs (≤30 mm).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ex Vivo Demonstration of a Novel Dual-Frequency Ultrasound Method for Quantitative Measurements of Liver Fat Content","authors":"Sigrid Berg ,&nbsp;Naseh Amini ,&nbsp;Stian Solberg ,&nbsp;Rønnaug Astri Ødegård ,&nbsp;Bård Eirik Kulseng ,&nbsp;Reidar Fossmark ,&nbsp;Sébastien Muller ,&nbsp;Simon Nitter Dankel ,&nbsp;Rolf K. Berge ,&nbsp;Elin Rønne ,&nbsp;Patricia Mjønes ,&nbsp;Rune Hansen","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The rise in metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease prevalence, closely linked with metabolic syndromes and obesity, demands accurate, cost-effective diagnostic methods for early-stage fat quantification in the liver. Here we demonstrate a novel dual-frequency ultrasound method that enables the quantitative measurement of liver fat fraction <em>ex vivo</em> and its correlation with actual fat content.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 24 Wistar rats were divided into four different groups, where three groups were given a high-fat diet for 2, 4, and 6 wk, and the last group was given a control diet for 6 wk. Livers were imaged with ultrasound <em>ex vivo</em> in a water bath with a dual-frequency ultrasound transducer and experimental imaging protocol implemented on the Verasonics Vantage research ultrasound scanner. Ultrasound data were post-processed to estimate the non-linear bulk elasticity parameter and the liver samples were analyzed with respect to fat fraction and triglycerides.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Rats given a high-fat diet had increased mean levels of liver fat compared with the control group. More importantly, correlation between the ultrasound-based estimation of the non-linear bulk elasticity parameter and fat fraction and triglycerides on an individual level was found to be strong (R² = 0.81, <em>p</em> = 5.8 × 10^-9 and R² = 0.72, <em>p</em> = 3.6 × 10^-7, respectively).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates the potential of the novel dual-frequency ultrasound method for the quantitative measurement of liver fat fraction in excised rat livers, showing great promise for this method to become clinically relevant in the diagnosis and follow-up of patients with fatty liver disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Renal Masses Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound with Sonovue and Sonazoid","authors":"Haixiang Zhang ,&nbsp;Gang Guo ,&nbsp;Run Zhu ,&nbsp;Hua Wang ,&nbsp;Peng Chen ,&nbsp;Chi Qin ,&nbsp;Yongyan Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To explore the differences between SonoVue and Sonazoid contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in evaluating enhancement features of renal masses and determine the diagnostic value of CEUS in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 57 eligible patients were enrolled and divided into the ccRCC, papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC), non-ccRCC and non-pRCC malignancy groups, and benign mass groups based on their postsurgical histopathologic diagnosis. The enhancement features of renal masses following SonoVue and Sonazoid CEUS in each group were analyzed. Diagnostic efficiencies of SonoVue and Sonazoid CEUS for ccRCC and non-ccRCC were determined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were no significant differences in the enhancement features of renal masses with SonoVue and Sonazoid imaging in the four groups (<em>p</em> &gt; .05). Both SonoVue CEUS and Sonazoid CEUS showed good diagnostic performance for the differential diagnosis of ccRCC and non-ccRCC, with sensitivities of 88.6% and 85.7%, specificities of 76.5% and 88.2%, accuracies of 84.6% and 86.5%, positive predictive values of 88.6% and 93.8%, and negative predictive values of 76.5% and 75%, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences in any of the diagnostic performance indices between the two methods (<em>p</em> &gt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The CEUS features of SonoVue and Sonazoid in evaluating renal masses were similar in the vascular phase. Both SonoVue and Sonazoid CEUS showed good diagnostic performance for the differential diagnosis of ccRCC and non-ccRCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Attenuation Measuring Ultrasound Shearwave Elastography (AMUSE) as Noninvasive Imaging Biomarker for Liver Acute Cellular Rejection","authors":"Luiz Vasconcelos ,&nbsp;John Grady ,&nbsp;Sara Aristizabal ,&nbsp;Rebeca Oliveira ,&nbsp;Matthew W. Urban ,&nbsp;Shigao Chen ,&nbsp;William Sanchez ,&nbsp;James F. Greenleaf ,&nbsp;Ivan Nenadic","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>There are over 9000 liver transplants in the United States per year, with acute cellular rejection (ACR) being a prevalent early post-transplant complication (20%–40%) treated using corticosteroids. Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), another early post-transplant pathology, has similar laboratory results but typically resolves without therapy. ACR confirmation requires invasive liver biopsy, bearing risks like hemorrhage and pneumothorax. Attenuation Measuring Ultrasound Shearwave Elastography (AMUSE) assesses shear wave velocity (<em>c</em>) and attenuation (α) without rheological models and have shown potential for noninvasive tissue characterization.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We analyzed 58 transplanted livers suspected for ACR by comparing AMUSE measurements to biopsy findings. Thirteen patients underwent longitudinal tracking from ACR diagnosis on day 7 to therapy initiation and repeat biopsy on day 14. Statistical methods and support vector machine (SVM) were used for performance analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>AMUSE measurements at 100, 200, and 300 Hz showed statistical significance (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) for ACR presence, with 200 Hz exhibiting the highest Spearman correlation coefficients for <em>c</em> and α (0.68 and -0.83). High <em>c</em> (&gt; 2.2 m/s) and low α (&lt; 130 Np/m) at 200 Hz correlated with ACR diagnostic, while low <em>c</em> and high α indicated no ACR. Combining <em>c</em> and α into a single biomarker α/<em>c</em> improved patient differentiation, yielding an F1-score of 0.97. SVM was used to evaluate AMUSE ACR staging capabilities using all available frequencies, reaching 0.95 F1-score for categorical classification, with an AUROC of 0.99. When evaluating the presence of ACR the SVM reached 0.99 F1-score, with 1.00 sensitivity/recall.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These findings support the use of AMUSE potential for detection and staging of liver ACR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of Left Ventricular High Frame Rate Echo-Particle Image Velocimetry against 4D Flow MRI in Patients","authors":"Yichuang Han ,&nbsp;Daniel J. Bowen ,&nbsp;Bernardo Loff Barreto ,&nbsp;Robert. R. Zwaan ,&nbsp;Mihai Strachinaru ,&nbsp;Rob J. van der Geest ,&nbsp;Alexander Hirsch ,&nbsp;Annemien E. van den Bosch ,&nbsp;Johan G. Bosch ,&nbsp;Jason Voorneveld","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Accurately measuring intracardiac flow patterns could provide insights into cardiac disease pathophysiology, potentially enhancing diagnostic and prognostic capabilities. This study aims to validate Echo-Particle Image Velocimetry (echoPIV) for <em>in vivo</em> left ventricular intracardiac flow imaging against 4D flow MRI.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We acquired high frame rate contrast-enhanced ultrasound images from three standard apical views of 26 patients who required cardiac MRI. 4D flow MRI was obtained for each patient. Only echo image planes with sufficient quality and alignment with MRI were included for validation. Regional velocity, kinetic energy (<span><math><mtext>KE</mtext></math></span>) and viscous energy loss (<span><math><mover><mtext>EL</mtext><mi>˙</mi></mover></math></span>) were compared between modalities using normalized mean absolute error (NMAE), cosine similarity and Bland–Altman analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 24 included apical view acquisitions, we observed good correspondence between echoPIV and MRI regarding spatial flow patterns and vortex traces. The velocity profile at base-level (mitral valve) cross-section had cosine similarity of 0.92 ± 0.06 and NMAE of (14 ± 5)%. Peak spatial mean velocity differed by (3 ± 6) cm/s in systole and (6 ± 10) cm/s in diastole. The <span><math><mtext>KE</mtext></math></span> and rate of <span><math><mover><mtext>EL</mtext><mi>˙</mi></mover></math></span> also revealed a high level of cosine similarity (0.89 ± 0.09 and 0.91 ± 0.06) with NMAE of (23 ± 7)% and (52 ± 16)%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Given good B-mode image quality, echoPIV provides a reliable estimation of left ventricular flow, exhibiting spatial-temporal velocity distributions comparable to 4D flow MRI. Both modalities present respective strengths and limitations: echoPIV captured inter-beat variability and had higher temporal resolution, while MRI was more robust to patient BMI and anatomy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification of Neoadjuvant Therapy Response in Patients With Colorectal Liver Metastases Using Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound—With Histological Pathology as the Gold Standard","authors":"Li Liu ,&nbsp;Wen-Chao Cui ,&nbsp;Yu Sun ,&nbsp;Hong Wang ,&nbsp;Zi-Nan Liang ,&nbsp;Wei Wu ,&nbsp;Kun Yan ,&nbsp;Yong-Li Ji ,&nbsp;Liang Dong ,&nbsp;Wei Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate the response to neoadjuvant therapy in patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs) using ultrasound(US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS), with correction to the tumor regression grade (TRG) of pathological results.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study included patients with resectable CRLMs admitted from February to December 2022. After at least 4 cycles neoadjuvant therapy, all the patients received US and CEUS examinations within two weeks before hepatectomy. CEUS clips were postprocessed with color parameter imaging (CPI) and microflow imaging (MFI) analysis. Logistic regression analyses were used to develop an evaluation Nomogram. Ultrasound-based model was constructed to discriminate between the response (TRG1/2/3) and nonresponse (TRG4/5) groups at the lesion level. The model's predictive ability was evaluated using the C index and calibration curve, with decision curve analysis assessing the Nomogram's added value.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study analyzed 105 CRLM lesions (the lesion with the highest diameter analyzed for each patient), with 43.8% showing a response to therapy. Univariate analysis identified calcification on US (<em>p</em> = 0.039), CEUS enhancement degree (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), CEUS enhancement pattern (p&lt;0.001), CEUS washout type (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), CEUS necrosis (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), CPI feeding artery (<em>p</em> = 0.003) and MFI pattern (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) were significantly associated with TRG. The multivariate analysis showed CEUS enhancement pattern (<em>p</em> = 0.026), CEUS washout type (<em>p</em> = 0.018) and CEUS necrosis (<em>p</em> = 0.005) were independently associated with the neoadjuvant therapy response. A Nomogram with the three independent predictors was developed, with an AUC of 0.898.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The ultrasound-based model provided accurate evaluation of pathological tumor response to preoperative chemotherapy in patients with CRLM, and may help to decide the individualized treatment strategy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of High-intensity Continuous Ultrasound on Infrapatellar Fat Pad Stiffness and Gliding in Healthy Participants: A Randomized, Single-blind, Placebo-controlled Crossover Trial","authors":"Naoto Ikeda ,&nbsp;Taizan Fukaya ,&nbsp;Yui Sezaki ,&nbsp;Sho Toyoshima ,&nbsp;Yuka Yokoi ,&nbsp;Katsuyuki Morishita","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Ultrasound therapy effectively treats a joint range of motion limitation and pain originating from soft tissue in knee osteoarthritis (OA). Few interventional studies have focused on the infrapatellar fat pad (IFP), and the effects of high-intensity continuous ultrasound (HICUS) on IFP stiffness and gliding have not been investigated. Therefore, we aimed to determine the effects of HICUS on IFP stiffness and gliding.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This single-blind, randomized, controlled crossover study involved 24 healthy participants. The HICUS and placebo conditions were applied to the knee joint on 2 different days. HICUS was performed (1 MHz, 2.5 W/cm², duty cycle 100%, 5 min) using an ultrasound machine equipped with an applicator and adsorption-type fixed automatic rotation irradiation function. The main outcomes were IFP stiffness and gliding measured at 10 degrees and 120 degrees knee flexion. Gliding was measured as the difference between the patellar-tendon tibial angles at 10 degrees and 120 degrees knee flexion. Measurements were performed before (T1), immediately after (T2), and 15 min after (T3) treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Two-way repeated measures analysis of variance showed a significant interaction of IFP stiffness at 10 degrees knee flexion; post-test results showed that HICUS decreased stiffness at T2 and T3. There was no significant difference at 120 degrees. A significant interaction of gliding was observed under the HICUS condition. Post-tests showed that HICUS significantly improved gliding at T2 and T3.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HICUS is a simple, safe intervention for improving IFP stiffness and gliding in healthy participants, with sustained effects. Further studies are needed to evaluate its efficacy in patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142478944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}