Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology最新文献

{"title":"Quantitative Liver Fat Assessment by Handheld Point-of-Care Ultrasound: A Technical Implementation and Pilot Study in Adults","authors":"Dorathy Tamayo-Murillo ,&nbsp;Jake T. Weeks ,&nbsp;Cody A. Keller ,&nbsp;Michael Andre ,&nbsp;Celene Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Andrew Li ,&nbsp;Eduardo Grunvald ,&nbsp;Joy Liau ,&nbsp;Sedighe Hosseini Shabanan ,&nbsp;Tanya Wolfson ,&nbsp;Jingyi Zuo ,&nbsp;Adam Robinson ,&nbsp;Carolina Amador Carrascal ,&nbsp;Nevada Sanchez ,&nbsp;Scott B. Reeder ,&nbsp;Aiguo Han ,&nbsp;Claude B. Sirlin","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To implement, examine the feasibility of, and evaluate the performance of quantitative ultrasound (QUS) with a handheld point-of-care US (POCUS) device for assessing liver fat in adults.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>This prospective IRB-approved, HIPAA-compliant pilot study enrolled adults with overweight or obesity. Participants underwent chemical-shift-encoded magnetic resonance imaging to estimate proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and, within 1 mo, QUS with a POCUS device by expert sonographers and novice operators (no prior US scanning experience). Radiofrequency data from the liver collected with the POCUS device were analyzed offline using probe-specific calibrations to estimate two QUS parameters: attenuation coefficient (AC) and backscatter coefficient (BSC). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of each parameter was estimated for classifying presence/absence of hepatic steatosis (defined as PDFF ≥ 5%). Spearman rank correlation between each parameter and PDFF was estimated and its significance assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 18 participants (mean age, 43 y ± 14; 17 women), 8 had hepatic steatosis (PDFF ≥ 5%). Both AC and BSC classified hepatic steatosis accurately with AUCs of 0.96–0.97 for expert and 0.88–0.89 for novice operators (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01 for all) and correlated significantly with PDFF with rho's of 0.65–0.69 for expert and 0.58–0.65 for novice operators (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.02 for all).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>QUS can be implemented on a POCUS device and can be performed by expert or novice operators after limited training in adults with overweight or obesity with promising initial results.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages 475-483"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Nanoscale Phase-Change Contrast Agent Evaluates the Hepatic Fibrosis Through Targeting Hepatic Stellate Cell Platelet-Derived Factor Beta Receptor by Ultrasound in Vitro","authors":"Han-mei Li ,&nbsp;Lin-li Feng ,&nbsp;Qiong Jiang ,&nbsp;You Yang ,&nbsp;Ju-ying Zhang ,&nbsp;Xia Luo ,&nbsp;Xing Yang ,&nbsp;Bo Ren ,&nbsp;Li-tao Ye ,&nbsp;Zheng-ju Hou ,&nbsp;Yang Li ,&nbsp;Jin-hong Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.11.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.11.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>As a reversible condition at its early stages, liver fibrosis can progress to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, underscoring the importance of early detection for preventing severe outcomes and improving prognosis. To address this issue, we developed a platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ)-targeted nanoscale phase-change contrast agent to target activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSC) and enable ultrasound imaging as a foundation for the early evaluation of liver fibrosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PDGFR-β antibody-modified phase-change contrast agents (PPCAs) were synthesized utilizing film hydration and ultrasonic emulsification with perfluoropentane (PFP) encapsulated. PPCAs were specifically conjugated to aHSC with high PDGFR-β expression, whose targeting ability was evaluated using fluorescence confocal microscopy and flow cytometry. Phase transition at different temperatures and mechanical indices (MIs), as well as contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PPCAs had an average diameter of 283.6 ± 11.3 nm with good dispersibility and relative stability, and the echo intensity increased correspondingly with increasing MIs. PPCAs exhibited both excellent biocompatibility and imaging ability when excited by high-frequency ultrasound set to an MI of 1.0 at 37°C, and simultaneously showed strong specific targeting ability to aHSC, with cellular uptake reaching 56.67 ± 5.96%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>As a new imaging avenue, PPCAs have the potential to enhance ultrasound imaging and establish the basis for diagnosis by targeting aHSC specifically with good biocompatibility and stability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages 508-518"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Noninvasive Assessment of Liver Fibrosis in Patients With Iron Overload","authors":"Siddhi Hegde ,&nbsp;Theodore T. Pierce ,&nbsp;Firouzeh Heidari ,&nbsp;Arinc Ozturk ,&nbsp;Eugene Cheah ,&nbsp;Kathleen Pope ,&nbsp;Maria A. Blake ,&nbsp;Angela Shih ,&nbsp;Joseph Misdraji ,&nbsp;Anthony E. Samir","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.11.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.11.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We assessed the diagnostic performance of ultrasound two-dimensional shear wave elastography (US 2D-SWE) to predict clinically significant fibrosis (CSF) in patients with serologic iron overload (SIO) and the subgroup with histologic liver iron overload (LIO).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A single-center retrospective cross-sectional study of adults with SIO (serum ferritin ≥ 200 ng/mL in females and ≥ 300 ng/mL in males) and suspected chronic liver disease with nonfocal liver biopsy results and US 2D-SWE exams within 1 year was performed. Histopathological fibrosis stage ≥2 and liver iron ≥2+ was considered CSF and LIO, respectively. Univariate logistic regression to assess prediction of CSF by Young's modulus (YM) and serum ferritin was performed. Sensitivity and specificity were reported at optimal YM threshold determined by the Youden Index.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>272 cases were included (211 (77.6%) females, 88 (32.4%) CSF cases) with mean (± standard deviation) age of 50.0 (13.6) years. Median YM predicted CSF in patients with SIO (AUC 0.73, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.66 −0.80, odds ratio (OR) 1.12), <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001. Optimal YM threshold was 11 kPa (sensitivity 58%, specificity 79%). Subgroup analysis of 47 LIO cases (39 women, mean age 52.5 ± 11.6 years, 17 (36.2%) CSF) showed that median YM predicted CSF (AUC 0.85, 95% CI 0.73–0.97, OR 1.39), <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001. Optimal YM threshold was 11 kPa (sensitivity 77%, specificity 87%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>2D-SWE is a promising, widely available, and noninvasive tool for diagnosing liver fibrosis in iron overload, including when magnetic resonance elastography may be nondiagnostic due to iron-related artifact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages 551-558"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142848192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic Segmentation of Sylvian Fissure in Brain Ultrasound Images of Pre-Term Infants Using Deep Learning Models","authors":"María Regalado ,&nbsp;Nuria Carreras ,&nbsp;Christian Mata ,&nbsp;Arnau Oliver ,&nbsp;Xavier Lladó ,&nbsp;Thais Agut","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.11.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.11.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Segmentation of brain sulci in pre-term infants is crucial for monitoring their development. While magnetic resonance imaging has been used for this purpose, cranial ultrasound (cUS) is the primary imaging technique used in clinical practice. Here, we present the first study aiming to automate brain sulci segmentation in pre-term infants using ultrasound images.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Our study focused on segmentation of the Sylvian fissure in a single cUS plane (C3), although this approach could be extended to other sulci and planes. We evaluated the performance of deep learning models, specifically U-Net and ResU-Net, in automating the segmentation process in two scenarios. First, we conducted cross-validation on images acquired from the same ultrasound machine. Second, we applied fine-tuning techniques to adapt the models to images acquired from different vendors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The ResU-Net approach achieved Dice and Sensitivity scores of 0.777 and 0.784, respectively, in the cross-validation experiment. When applied to external datasets, results varied based on similarity to the training images. Similar images yielded comparable results, while different images showed a drop in performance. Additionally, this study highlighted the advantages of ResU-Net over U-Net, suggesting that residual connections enhance the model's ability to learn and represent complex anatomical structures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrated the feasibility of using deep learning models to automatically segment the Sylvian fissure in cUS images. Accurate sonographic characterisation of cerebral sulci can improve the understanding of brain development and aid in identifying infants with different developmental trajectories, potentially impacting later functional outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages 543-550"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Clinical Utility of Liver-Specific Ultrasound Contrast Agents During Hepatocellular Carcinoma Imaging","authors":"Joshua Hawley ,&nbsp;Yongqing Tang ,&nbsp;Anders Sjöström ,&nbsp;Adolfo Fuentes-Alburo ,&nbsp;François Tranquart","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.10.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.10.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common form of hepatic malignancy, with high mortality rates recorded globally. Early detection through clinical biomarkers, medical imaging and histological assessment followed by rapid intervention are integral for positive patient outcomes.</div><div>Although contrast-enhanced computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance imaging are recognised as the reference standard for the diagnosis and staging of HCC in international guidelines, ultrasound (US) examination is recommended as a screening tool for patients at risk. Contrast-enhanced US (CEUS) elevates the standard of an US examination using US contrast agents (UCAs), capable of diagnosing focal liver lesions with high efficacy. Most UCAs are purely intravascular, offering clinicians a dynamic representation of a lesions’ arterial phase vascular kinetics, which is seldom seen in such detail during computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging assessments. Despite its benefits, there is incongruity between international societies on the role of CEUS in the HCC clinical pathway. The transient nature of pure blood-pool agents is suggested to be insufficient to justify CEUS as a primary modality due to the inability to consistently perform whole liver imaging, alongside disputes regarding its capabilities to differentiate HCC from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.</div><div>A sinusoidal phase UCA affords clinicians the opportunity to perform whole liver imaging through Kupffer cell uptake in addition to visualising lesion vascular kinetics in the arterial and portal venous phases. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to examine the role of CEUS in the HCC clinical pathway in its current practice and observe how a Kupffer cell sinusoidal phase UCA may supplement contemporary diagnostic techniques through a multi-modality, multi-agent approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages 415-427"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraoperative Real-Time IDH Diagnosis for Glioma Based on Automatic Analysis of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Video","authors":"Yuanxin Xie ,&nbsp;Chengqian Zhao ,&nbsp;Xiandi Zhang ,&nbsp;Chao Shen ,&nbsp;Zengxin Qi ,&nbsp;Qisheng Tang ,&nbsp;Wei Guo ,&nbsp;Zhifeng Shi ,&nbsp;Hong Ding ,&nbsp;Bojie Yang ,&nbsp;Jinhua Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.11.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) is the most important molecular marker of glioma and is highly correlated to the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients. We proposed a real-time diagnosis method for IDH status differentiation based on automatic analysis of intraoperative contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) video.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Inspired by the Time Intensity Curve (TIC) analysis of CEUS utilized in clinical practice, this paper proposed an automatic CEUS video analysis method called ATAN (Automatic TIC Analysis Network). Based on tumor identification, ATAN automatically selected ROIs (region of interest) inside and outside glioma. ATAN ensures the integrity of dynamic features of perfusion changes at critical locations, resulting in optimal diagnostic performance. The transfer learning mechanism was also introduced by using two auxiliary CEUS datasets to solve the small sample problem of intraoperative glioma data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Through pretraining on 258 patients on two auxiliary cohorts, ATAN produced the IDH diagnosis with accuracy and AUC of 0.9 and 0.91 respectively on the main cohort of 60 glioma patients (mean age, 50 years ± 14, 28 men) Compared with other existing IDH status differentiation methods, ATAN is a real-time IDH diagnosis method without the need of tumor samples.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ATAN is an effective automatic analysis model of CEUS, with the help of this model, real-time intraoperative diagnosis of IDH with high accuracy can be achieved. Compared with other state-of-the-art deep learning methods, the accuracy of the ATAN model is 15% higher on average.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages 484-493"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WFUMB Commentary Paper on Artificial intelligence in Medical Ultrasound Imaging","authors":"Xin Wu Cui ,&nbsp;Adrian Goudie ,&nbsp;Michael Blaivas ,&nbsp;Young Jun Chai ,&nbsp;Maria Cristina Chammas ,&nbsp;Yi Dong ,&nbsp;Jonathon Stewart ,&nbsp;Tian-An Jiang ,&nbsp;Ping Liang ,&nbsp;Chandra M. Sehgal ,&nbsp;Xing-Long Wu ,&nbsp;Peter Ching-Chang Hsieh ,&nbsp;Saftoiu Adrian ,&nbsp;Christoph F. Dietrich","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.10.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.10.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Artificial intelligence (AI) is defined as the theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks normally associated with human intelligence. At present, AI has been widely used in a variety of ultrasound tasks, including in point-of-care ultrasound, echocardiography, and various diseases of different organs. However, the characteristics of ultrasound, compared to other imaging modalities, such as computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), poses significant additional challenges to AI. Application of AI can not only reduce variability during ultrasound image acquisition, but can standardize these interpretations and identify patterns that escape the human eye and brain. These advances have enabled greater innovations in ultrasound AI applications that can be applied to a variety of clinical settings and disease states. Therefore, The World Federation of Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology (WFUMB) is addressing the topic with a brief and practical overview of current and potential future AI applications in medical ultrasound, as well as discuss some current limitations and future challenges to AI implementation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages 428-438"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Dynamically Modulates the Migration of BV2 Microglia","authors":"Dandan Li ,&nbsp;Yu Yong ,&nbsp;Chaofeng Qiao ,&nbsp;Hao Jiang ,&nbsp;Jiawei Lin ,&nbsp;Jianpeng Wei ,&nbsp;Yufeng Zhou ,&nbsp;Fenfang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a promising modality for neuromodulation. Microglia are the resident immune cells in the brain and their mobility is critical for maintaining brain homeostasis and alleviating neuroimmune pathologies. However, it is unclear whether and how LIPUS modulates microglial migration in physiological conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Here we examined the <em>in vitro</em> effects of LIPUS on the mobility of BV2 microglia by live cell imaging. Single-cell tracing of BV2 microglia migration was analyzed using ImageJ and Chemotaxis and Migration Tool software. Pharmacological manipulation was performed to determine the key molecular players involved in regulating ultrasound-dependent microglia migration.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that the distance of microglial migration was enhanced by LIPUS with increasing acoustic pressure. Removing the extracellular Ca²⁺ influx or depletion of intracellular Ca²⁺ stores suppressed ultrasound-enhanced BV2 migration. Furthermore, we found that blocking the reorganization of actin, or suppressing purinergic signaling by application of apyrase or hemi-channel inhibitors, both diminished ultrasound-induced BV2 migration. LIPUS stimulation also enhanced microglial migration in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory environment.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>LIPUS promoted microglia migration in both physiological and inflammatory environments. Calcium, cytoskeleton, and purinergic signaling were involved in regulating ultrasound-dependent microglial mobility. Our study reveals the biomechanical impact of ultrasound on microglial migration and highlights the potential of using ultrasound-based tools for modulation of microglial function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages 494-507"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142781504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Nomogram and Machine Learning Models for Predicting Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis in Early-Stage Breast Cancer: A Study on Clinically and Ultrasound-Negative Axillary Cases Across Two Centers","authors":"Meiying Yan ,&nbsp;Dilin He ,&nbsp;Yu Sun ,&nbsp;Long Huang ,&nbsp;Linli Cai ,&nbsp;Chen Wang ,&nbsp;Jincao Yao ,&nbsp;Xiangyang Li ,&nbsp;Hongping Song ,&nbsp;Chen Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Early and accurate prediction of axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) is crucial in determining appropriate treatment strategies for patients with early-stage breast cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of radiomic features extracted from ultrasound (US) images combined with machine learning (ML) methods in predicting ALNM to improve diagnostic accuracy and patient prognosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective study, data of 282 early-stage breast cancer patients from two centers were analyzed. We considered clinicopathological characteristics, conventional US features, contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) characteristics, and radiomics features. Radiomics features were extracted from US images, and using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, 12 key features were selected to compute a Radiomics score (Rad-score). A nomogram was developed based on these features, alongside five ML models: Logistic Regression (LR), Naive Bayes (NB), Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost). Model performance was evaluated using metrics such as the area under the curve (AUC), accuracy (ACC), sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPE), negative predictive value (NPV), and positive predictive value (PPV).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Both the nomogram and ML models, including the Rad-score combined with histologic type, significantly predicted ALNM. Among all models, the XGBoost model showed the best performance with an AUC of 0.810 and an accuracy of 84.1% in the external test set, surpassing the nomogram and other ML models. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis further provided insights into the influence of individual radiomics features on ALNM prediction.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>While the nomogram provides a useful traditional statistical approach, integrating radiomics features with ML, particularly the XGBoost model enhanced by SHAP interpretability, offers superior predictive accuracy for ALNM in early-stage breast cancer patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages 463-474"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Feasible Method for Vein Puncture and Drug Administration in Rats: Ultrasound-guided Internal Jugular Vein Puncture","authors":"Cai Hu ,&nbsp;Huahui Liu ,&nbsp;Zhengrong Lin ,&nbsp;Shuang Liang ,&nbsp;Qiqi Liu ,&nbsp;Erjiao Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.11.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2024.11.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>In the majority of animal experiments, vein puncture is necessary for the drugs administration. This study aimed to propose a new vein puncture method, ultrasound-guided internal jugular vein (IJV) puncture, and compare it with the traditional tail vein puncture.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We divided 24 male SpragueDawley rats randomly into 2 groups: 12 rats in the tail vein puncture group and other 12 rats in the ultrasound-guided IJV puncture group. After successful puncture, rats from two groups were injected with 0.1 mL ultrasound contrast agents. The average puncture time, the success rate of the first puncture, and the imaging effects of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the sciatic nerve and liver parenchyma of rats after injecting ultrasound contrast agents were evaluated using time–intensity curves for both different puncture methods.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The average puncture time of the ultrasound-guided IJV group was lower than that of the tail vein puncture group (<em>p</em> = 0.013), and the success rate of the first puncture was significantly higher than that of the tail vein puncture group (<em>p</em> = 0.037). There were no significant differences in the imaging effects of contrast-enhanced ultrasound on the sciatic nerve and liver parenchyma between the two different puncture methods. Additionally, neither of the two puncture methods resulted in obvious symptoms such as hematoma formation, convulsions, restlessness or even death in rats.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Ultrasound-guided IJV puncture could be a safe, effective method with a high success rate for rat vein puncture and drug administration, which could be an alternative to rat tail vein puncture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":49399,"journal":{"name":"Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology","volume":"51 3","pages":"Pages 519-524"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}