Viruses-Basel最新文献_第9页

A Novel Multi-Gene Combined RT-PCR Assay for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus. 玉米矮花叶病毒多基因联合RT-PCR快速灵敏检测方法

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.3390/v17030370

Yujie Jin, Xihong Chen, Min Li, Xiaoqi Zhang, Wei Cai, Jianguo Shen, Yongjiang Zhang, Fangluan Gao

{"title":"A Novel Multi-Gene Combined RT-PCR Assay for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Maize Dwarf Mosaic Virus.","authors":"Yujie Jin, Xihong Chen, Min Li, Xiaoqi Zhang, Wei Cai, Jianguo Shen, Yongjiang Zhang, Fangluan Gao","doi":"10.3390/v17030370","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17030370","url":null,"abstract":"Maize, a staple food and cash crop worldwide, also serves as a critical industrial raw material. However, it is significantly threatened by viral pathogens, particularly maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV), the primary cause of maize dwarf mosaic disease, a debilitating condition affecting maize cultivation. This study aims to establish a multi-gene combined RT-PCR assay for the rapid specific, sensitive, and reliable detection of MDMV without the need for special expensive equipment. Samples of imported maize, sorghum, and barley were collected from ports in Fujian and Shanghai. Primers targeting the coat protein (CP) and cytoplasmic inclusion protein (CI) genes of MDMV were designed and optimized. Through the design and screening of primers, as well as the optimization of reaction conditions and primer concentrations, a multi-gene combined RT-PCR assay was established to simultaneously detect both genes. Additionally, a real-time fluorescent-based RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) assay was developed using the CP gene to confirm the accuracy of multi-gene combined RT-PCR assay. The sensitivity of the optimized multi-gene combined RT-PCR assay enables the detection of MDMV in infected maize leaf crude extracts at dilutions of 5.37 pg/μL. This assay exhibited excellent specificity, high sensitivity, and robust repeatability, providing swift and accurate detection of MDMV. The multi-gene combined RT-PCR assay offers precise and efficient technical support for MDMV detection and contributes to improved maize production practices.","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11946660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging Roles of m7G-Cap Hypermethylation and Nuclear Cap-Binding Proteins in Bypassing Suppression of eIF4E-Dependent Translation. m7G-Cap超甲基化和核cap结合蛋白在绕过eif4e依赖性翻译抑制中的新作用。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.3390/v17030372

Kathleen Boris-Lawrie, Jessica Liebau, Abdullgadir Hayir, Xiao Heng

{"title":"Emerging Roles of m7G-Cap Hypermethylation and Nuclear Cap-Binding Proteins in Bypassing Suppression of eIF4E-Dependent Translation.","authors":"Kathleen Boris-Lawrie, Jessica Liebau, Abdullgadir Hayir, Xiao Heng","doi":"10.3390/v17030372","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17030372","url":null,"abstract":"Translation regulation is essential to the survival of hosts. Most translation initiation falls under the control of the mTOR pathway, which regulates protein production from mono-methyl-guanosine (m7G) cap mRNAs. However, mTOR does not regulate all translation; hosts and viruses alike employ alternative pathways, protein factors, and internal ribosome entry sites to bypass mTOR. Trimethylguanosine (TMG)-caps arise from hypermethylation of pre-existing m7G-caps by the enzyme TGS1 and are modifications known for snoRNA, snRNA, and telomerase RNA. New findings originating from HIV-1 research reveal that TMG-caps are present on mRNA and license translation via an mTOR-independent pathway. Research has identified TMG-capping of selenoprotein mRNAs, junD, TGS1, DHX9, and retroviral transcripts. TMG-mediated translation may be a missing piece for understanding protein synthesis in cells with little mTOR activity, including HIV-infected resting T cells and nonproliferating cancer cells. Viruses display a nuanced interface with mTOR and have developed strategies that take advantage of the delicate interplay between these translation pathways. This review covers the current knowledge of the TMG-translation pathway. We discuss the intimate relationship between metabolism and translation and explore how this is exploited by HIV-1 in the context of CD4+ T cells. We postulate that co-opting both translation pathways provides a winning strategy for HIV-1 to dictate the sequential synthesis of its proteins and balance viral production with host cell survival.","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11946201/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Co-Infection Dynamics of Baculovirus Penaei (BP-PvSNPV) in Penaeus vannamei Across Latin America. 整个拉丁美洲凡纳滨对虾中对虾杆状病毒（BP-PvSNPV）的联合感染动力学

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.3390/v17030374

Pablo Intriago, Bolivar Montiel, Mauricio Valarezo, Nicole Cercado, Alejandra Montenegro, María Mercedes Vásquez, Melany Del Barco, Yamilis Cataño

{"title":"Co-Infection Dynamics of Baculovirus Penaei (BP-PvSNPV) in Penaeus vannamei Across Latin America.","authors":"Pablo Intriago, Bolivar Montiel, Mauricio Valarezo, Nicole Cercado, Alejandra Montenegro, María Mercedes Vásquez, Melany Del Barco, Yamilis Cataño","doi":"10.3390/v17030374","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17030374","url":null,"abstract":"Baculovirus penaei (BP) is an enteric virus infecting the hepatopancreas and anterior midgut of shrimp, particularly affecting early developmental stages and contributing to hatchery losses. While BP's role in co-infections is increasingly recognized, its impact on later life stages remains unclear. Despite advancements in molecular diagnostics, its high genetic diversity complicates reliable detection, often leading to discrepancies between PCR results and histological observations of occlusion bodies. This study evaluated seven primer pairs for BP detection in Penaeus vannamei. Among histologically confirmed cases, only 6% tested positive with the BPA/BPF primer and 3% with BPA/BPB, while the remaining primers failed to amplify BP, highlighting significant diagnostic limitations. Histopathology revealed bacterial co-infections alongside BP, with advanced cases showing intranuclear occlusion bodies, hepatopancreatic necrosis, and epithelial detachment. These findings underscore the urgent need for improved molecular diagnostics to accurately assess BP prevalence, its role in co-infections, and its overall impact on shrimp health in Latin America. Further research is essential to refine detection methods and determine BP's pathogenic significance beyond early developmental stages.","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11945342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationship Between Human Papilloma Virus and Upper Gastrointestinal Cancers. 人乳头瘤病毒与上消化道肿瘤的关系

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.3390/v17030367

Ömer Vefik Özozan, Hikmet Pehlevan-Özel, Veli Vural, Tolga Dinç

引用次数: 0

Amoxicillin-Induced Atypical Exanthema in a Patient with EBV-Related Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Case Report. 阿莫西林引起的ebv相关鼻咽癌非典型皮疹1例报告。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.3390/v17030368

Matteo Carpani, Davide Smussi, Andrea Esposito, Francesca Consoli, Alfredo Berruti, Andrea Alberti

{"title":"Amoxicillin-Induced Atypical Exanthema in a Patient with EBV-Related Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: A Case Report.","authors":"Matteo Carpani, Davide Smussi, Andrea Esposito, Francesca Consoli, Alfredo Berruti, Andrea Alberti","doi":"10.3390/v17030368","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17030368","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The concomitant use of antibiotics, especially beta lactams, during acute EBV infection is widely associated with an increased risk of skin manifestations; the actual pathophysiology and prevalence of this phenomenon are still debated.Case report: We present the first reported case of atypical exanthema associated with amoxicillin intake in a patient with EBV-related nasopharyngeal carcinoma. We recorded a pattern in the plasma EBV-DNA load consisting of a significant increase at the onset of the rash with a sudden remission after its resolution. The patient recovered without sequelae.Discussion/conclusions: The temporal relationship and the reported data on rash morphology, clinical findings and triggering factors support a possible correlation between the intake of beta-lactam antibiotics, particularly amoxicillin, and the onset of cutaneous manifestations in a patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Such reactions can be a challenging differential diagnosis and may warrant increased provider consideration when choosing to prescribe beta lactams in patients affected by nasopharyngeal cancer.","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11946185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Pseudomonas Phage Lydia and the Evolution of the Mesyanzhinovviridae Family. 假单胞菌噬菌体Lydia与mesyanzhinovvirus科的进化。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.3390/v17030369

Konstantin Troshin, Nina Sykilinda, Sofia Shuraleva, Anna Tokmakova, Nikolay Tkachenko, Lidia Kurochkina, Konstantin Miroshnikov, Natalia Suzina, Ekaterina Brzhozovskaya, Kristina Petrova, Stepan Toshchakov, Peter Evseev

{"title":"Pseudomonas Phage Lydia and the Evolution of the Mesyanzhinovviridae Family.","authors":"Konstantin Troshin, Nina Sykilinda, Sofia Shuraleva, Anna Tokmakova, Nikolay Tkachenko, Lidia Kurochkina, Konstantin Miroshnikov, Natalia Suzina, Ekaterina Brzhozovskaya, Kristina Petrova, Stepan Toshchakov, Peter Evseev","doi":"10.3390/v17030369","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17030369","url":null,"abstract":"Phage Lydia, a newly isolated siphovirus infecting Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was characterized with respect to its basic kinetic properties and subjected to comparative bioinformatic analysis with related phages. The phage exhibited a restricted host range, with lytic activity observed against 7 of 30 tested isolates. The genome of phage Lydia consists of a 61,986 bp dsDNA molecule and contains 89 predicted genes. Bioinformatic analysis suggests the presence of a DNA modification system, but no apparent genes associated with lysogeny or antibiotic resistance were identified. Taxonomic classification places Lydia within the Mesyanzhinovviridae family, Rabinowitzvirinae subfamily, and Yuavirus genus, with the closest relation to Pseudomonas virus M6. Comprehensive bioinformatic studies, including structural modelling and analysis of phage proteins, as well as comparative taxonomic, phylogenomic, and pangenomic analyses of the Mesyanzhinovviridae family, revealed relationships between proteins of Mesyanzhinovviridae phages, proteins from other phage groups, encapsulins, and a gene transfer agent (GTA) particle from Rhodobacter capsulatus. These analyses uncovered patterns of evolutionary history within the family, characterized by genetic exchange events alongside the maintenance of a common genomic architecture, leading to the emergence of new groups within the family.","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11946847/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Fan et al. A Human DPP4-Knockin Mouse's Susceptibility to Infection by Authentic and Pseudotyped MERS-CoV. Viruses 2018, 10, 448. 更正：Fan等人。人dpp4敲入小鼠对真型和假型MERS-CoV感染的易感性病毒2018,10,448。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.3390/v17030363

Changfa Fan, Xi Wu, Qiang Liu, Qianqian Li, Susu Liu, Jianjun Lu, Yanwei Yang, Yuan Cao, Weijin Huang, Chunnan Liang, Tianlei Ying, Shibo Jiang, Youchun Wang

引用次数: 0

Acute HIV-1 Infection: Paradigm and Singularity. 急性HIV-1感染：范式和奇点。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.3390/v17030366

Antoine Chéret

{"title":"Acute HIV-1 Infection: Paradigm and Singularity.","authors":"Antoine Chéret","doi":"10.3390/v17030366","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17030366","url":null,"abstract":"Acute HIV-1 infection (AHI) is a transient period where the virus causes evident damage to the immune system, including an extensive apoptosis of CD4+ T cells associated with a high level of activation and a major cytokine storm to fight the invading virus. HIV infection establishes persistence by integrating the viral genome into host cell DNA in both replicating and non-replicating forms, effectively hiding from immune surveillance within infected lymphocytes as cellular reservoirs. The measurement of total HIV-1 DNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) is a reliable reflection of this reservoir. Initiating treatments during AHI with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and/or integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) is essential to alter the dynamics of the global reservoir expansion, and to reduce the establishment of long-lived cellular and tissue reservoirs, while preserving and enhancing specific and non-specific immune responses. Furthermore, some of the patients treated at the AHI stage may become post-treatment controllers and should be informative regarding the mechanism of viral control, so patients treated during AHI are undoubtedly the best candidates to test innovative remission strategies toward a functional cure that could play a pivotal role in long-term HIV control. AHI is characterized by high levels of viral replication, with a significant increase in the risk of HIV transmission. Detecting AHI and initiating early treatment following diagnosis provides a window of opportunity to control the epidemic, particularly in high-risk populations.","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11945883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

High-Yield and Quantitative Purification Method for HIV Which Minimizes Forces Applied to Virions Utilized to Investigate Maturation of HIV-1 via Cryo-Electron Tomography. 利用冷冻电子断层扫描研究HIV-1成熟过程的一种高效、定量的HIV纯化方法。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.3390/v17030364

Benjamin Preece, Wiley Peppel, Rodrigo Gallegos, Gillian Ysassi, Gabriel Clinger, Nicole Bohn, Broti Adhikary, Luiza Mendonça, David Belnap, Michael Vershinin, Saveez Saffarian

{"title":"High-Yield and Quantitative Purification Method for HIV Which Minimizes Forces Applied to Virions Utilized to Investigate Maturation of HIV-1 via Cryo-Electron Tomography.","authors":"Benjamin Preece, Wiley Peppel, Rodrigo Gallegos, Gillian Ysassi, Gabriel Clinger, Nicole Bohn, Broti Adhikary, Luiza Mendonça, David Belnap, Michael Vershinin, Saveez Saffarian","doi":"10.3390/v17030364","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17030364","url":null,"abstract":"HIV is a lentivirus characterized by its cone shaped mature core. Visualization and structural examination of HIV requires the purification of virions to high concentrations. The yield and integrity of these virions are crucial for ensuring a uniform representation of all viral particles in subsequent analyses. In this study, we present a method for the purification of HIV virions which minimizes the forces applied to virions while maximizing the efficiency of collection. This method, which relies on virion sedimentation simulations, allows us to capture between 1000 and 5000 HIV virions released from individual HEK293 cells after transfection with the NL4.3 HIV backbone. We utilized this approach to investigate HIV core formation from several constructs: pNL4-3(RT:D185A&D186A) with an inactive reverse transcriptase, NL4.3(IN: V165A&R166A) with a type-II integrase mutation, and NL4.3(Ψ: Δ(105-278)&Δ(301-332)) featuring an edited Ψ packaging signal. Notably, virions from NL4.3(Ψ: Δ(105-278)&Δ(301-332)) displayed a mixed population, comprising immature virions, empty cores, and cores with detectable internal density. Conversely, virions derived from NL4.3(IN: V165A&R166A) exhibited a type II integrase mutant phenotype characterized by empty cores and RNP density localized around the cores, consistent with previous studies. In contrast, virions released from pNL4-3(RT:D185A&D186A) displayed mature cores containing detectable RNP density. We suggest that the sedimentation simulations developed in this study can facilitate the characterization of enveloped viruses.","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11945327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Infection and Genomic Properties of Single- and Double-Stranded DNA Cellulophaga Phages. 单链和双链DNA纤维素噬菌体的感染和基因组特性。

IF 3.8 3区医学

Viruses-Basel Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.3390/v17030365

Cristina Howard-Varona, Natalie E Solonenko, Marie Burris, Marion Urvoy, Courtney M Sanderson, Bejamin Bolduc, Matthew B Sullivan

{"title":"Infection and Genomic Properties of Single- and Double-Stranded DNA Cellulophaga Phages.","authors":"Cristina Howard-Varona, Natalie E Solonenko, Marie Burris, Marion Urvoy, Courtney M Sanderson, Bejamin Bolduc, Matthew B Sullivan","doi":"10.3390/v17030365","DOIUrl":"10.3390/v17030365","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial viruses (phages) are abundant and ecologically impactful, but laboratory-based experimental model systems vastly under-represent known phage diversity, particularly for ssDNA phages. Here, we characterize the genomes and infection properties of two unrelated marine flavophages-ssDNA generalist phage phi18:4 (6.5 Kbp) and dsDNA specialist phage phi18:1 (39.2 Kbp)-when infecting the same Cellulophaga baltica strain #18 (Cba18), of the class Flavobacteriia. Phage phi18:4 belongs to a new family of ssDNA phages, has an internal lipid membrane, and its genome encodes primarily structural proteins, as well as a DNA replication protein common to ssDNA phages and a unique lysis protein. Phage phi18:1 is a siphovirus that encodes several virulence genes, despite not having a known temperate lifestyle, a CAZy enzyme likely for regulatory purposes, and four DNA methyltransferases dispersed throughout the genome that suggest both host modulation and phage DNA protection against host restriction. Physiologically, ssDNA phage phi18:4 has a shorter latent period and smaller burst size than dsDNA phage phi18:1, and both phages efficiently infect this host. These results help augment the diversity of characterized environmental phage-host model systems by studying infections of genomically diverse phages (ssDNA vs. dsDNA) on the same host.","PeriodicalId":49328,"journal":{"name":"Viruses-Basel","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11946311/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0