American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Insights on Literacy From Stroke Survivors With Aphasia: A Mixed-Methods Inquiry.","authors":"Elizabeth B Madden, Erin J Bush","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00360","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00360","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Individuals with aphasia commonly experience reading and writing difficulties, negatively impacting everyday communication and life participation. Using mixed methods, this study aimed to understand literacy experiences described by individuals with aphasia and explore how their perspectives are related to test performance and other demographic factors.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Twenty-one stroke survivors with aphasia completed reading and writing testing and shared their perspectives through a close-ended survey and an open-ended interview about literacy abilities and experiences. Quantitative methods were used to compare pre- and poststroke self-ratings and explore associations between self-ratings and demographic factors. Qualitative methods were used to identify themes in the interviews. The data sets were merged to derive mixed-methods results for a more in-depth view of participants' perspectives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant decreases in perceived literacy abilities were found; however, there were no differences in literacy importance or enjoyment pre- to poststroke. Reading and writing test scores were correlated with self-rated abilities but not with importance, enjoyment, or frequency of reading and writing. The thematic analysis process identified four main themes: <i>Feelings about literacy</i>, <i>Literacy challenges</i>, <i>Literacy supports</i>, and <i>Literacy goals</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The data indicate that individuals with aphasia highly value reading and writing and are heavily invested, despite recognized challenges, in using and improving these skills. Therefore, assessments and treatments addressing literacy in aphasia are critical, and individuals with aphasia should be invited to share their literacy experiences and goals, allowing for more person-centered clinical resources to be collaboratively constructed.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.25893049.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3186-3202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141184612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interplay of Semantic Plausibility and Word Order Canonicity in Sentence Processing of People With Aphasia Using a Verb-Final Language.","authors":"Jee Eun Sung, Gayle DeDe, Jimin Park","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00353","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00353","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The Western Aphasia Battery is widely used to assess people with aphasia (PWA). Sequential Commands (SC) is one of the most challenging subtests for PWA. However, test items confound linguistic factors that make sentences difficult for PWA. The current study systematically manipulated semantic plausibility and word order in sentences like those in SC to examine how these factors affect comprehension deficits in aphasia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Fifty Korean speakers (25 PWA and 25 controls) completed a sentence-picture matching task that manipulated word order (canonical vs. noncanonical) and semantic plausibility (plausible vs. less plausible). Analyses focused on accuracy and aimed to identify sentence types that best discriminate the groups. Additionally, we explored which sentence type serves as the best predictor of aphasia severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>PWA demonstrated greater difficulties in processing less plausible sentences than plausible ones compared to the controls. Across the groups, noncanonical and less plausible sentences elicited lower accuracy than canonical and plausible sentences. Notably, the accuracy of PWA and control groups differed in noncanonical and less plausible sentences. Additionally, aphasia severity significantly correlated with less plausible sentences.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Even in languages with flexible word order, PWA find it challenging to process sentences with noncanonical syntactic structures and less plausible semantic roles.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3236-3246"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141591847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge, Beliefs, and Experiences With Mental Health Services and Help-Seeking in People With Aphasia and Care Partners.","authors":"Kate Kelleher, Jessica Obermeyer, Sena Crutchley, Sage Stalker, Maura Silverman, K Leigh Morrow-Odom","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00365","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00365","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Supporting psychological well-being in persons with aphasia (PWA) can improve social and health outcomes; however, PWA and their care partners (CPs) are often not receiving mental health support. Previous research explores this from the perspective of health care professionals.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>The aim of this study was to examine knowledge, beliefs, and experiences related to mental health services directly from PWA and CPs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The study included 11 PWA and 11 CPs. Participants completed a guided survey (virtual) with opportunities for elaboration related to the knowledge, beliefs, and experiences of mental health.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was variability in personal preferences for referrals, types of coping strategies, and confidants for general thoughts and feelings and those specific to aphasia. PWA identified health care professionals as people to share thoughts and feelings, whereas CPs chose family and friends more often. Both CPs and PWA reported communication difficulty and finding a counselor as \"sometimes\" preventing access to services but cited fear and trust as \"always\" preventing access.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Knowledge, beliefs, and experience with help-seeking and mental health services are personal and variable. Assessing barriers unique to living with aphasia, such as communication challenges and locating a suitable counselor, must also be considered within more complex and personal barriers of fear and trust that are consistently reported in the general public. Health professionals across the continuum of aphasia care need to understand the communication challenges of living with aphasia in tandem with understanding individual differences to personalize approaches to mental health services and help-seeking.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3315-3342"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141910147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"M-MAT Meta: Treatment of Self-Awareness and Language for Individuals With Severe Wernicke's Aphasia.","authors":"Amanda Wadams, Jennifer Mozeiko","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00346","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00346","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>In this study, we evaluated the feasibility and efficacy of language plus goal management training program for individuals with aphasia. The intervention targeted expressive language, while concurrently integrating tasks designed to improve executive function and error awareness.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A single-subject repeated-measures design was utilized to determine whether a combined treatment (Multi-Modal Aphasia Therapy PLUS Goal Management Training [M-MAT Meta]) would be efficacious for individuals with aphasia. This article reports on two participants with severe Wernicke's aphasia, who comprised one of the four dyads of the study. Treatment was administered in a small group setting (<i>N</i> = 2) for 2 hr per day, 3 days per week for 4 weeks. Individual video feedback sessions were conducted once a week. Analysis of outcomes included visual inspection and calculation of Tau-U effect sizes of probed treatment data as well as statistical analysis of standardized language and executive function assessments.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Visual inspection indicated improvements in naming and discourse skills, which were maintained at the 1-month follow-up. Both participants' standardized scores indicated a significant decrease in aphasia severity, which was maintained 1 month posttreatment. Error awareness improved for one of the two participants, but this improvement was not maintained. Participants demonstrated increased inhibition of unwanted responses and took longer on the planning and problem-solving time required to complete the assessment, indicating a decrease in impulsivity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this preliminary study suggest that M-MAT Meta may be an effective way to increase self-awareness and communication in individuals with severe Wernicke's aphasia.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3358-3376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using and Modifying Standardized Restorative Treatments in Aphasia: Clinician Perspectives.","authors":"Reva M Zimmerman, Jessica Obermeyer, Julie Schlesinger, JoAnn P Silkes","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00349","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Aphasia treatment should be individualized, so clinicians are likely modifying established treatment paradigms to fit client needs. Little extant research describes which treatment protocols clinicians modify, how and why they modify their treatments, and what sources they use to guide their modifications. The purpose of this study was to gain insights into these issues.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A Qualtrics survey was distributed through speech-language pathology-related professional and social media networks from January through June 2023. Forty-seven speech-language pathologists provided basic information on assessment and treatment approaches that they use, and 32 respondents provided detailed responses regarding their current treatment practices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The two restitutive aphasia treatments clinicians reported using most often were Semantic Feature Analysis and Verb Network Strengthening Treatment. The reasons for using these two treatments were that they are easy to administer, patients enjoy them, and they are perceived to be effective. Most clinicians reported that they often modify aphasia treatment protocols for a variety of reasons. These included matching patients' linguistic profiles by changing stimuli or the presentation modality as well as meeting time constraints and productivity standards. Respondents reported that they mostly rely on their personal experience, suggestions from colleagues, and linguistic theory to guide their modifications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinicians often modify standardized treatments to balance their patients' needs and the demands of their settings and typically rely on personal experience to do so. In the future, more clinician-researcher partnerships and investigations of active treatment ingredients are needed to support clinicians in making efficient and effective treatment modifications.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27703662.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3377-3392"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142688715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Scoring of the Speech Intelligibility Test Using Autoscore.","authors":"Kaila L Stipancic, Tyson S Barrett, Kris Tjaden, Stephanie A Borrie","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00276","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of the current study was to develop and test extensions to Autoscore, an automated approach for scoring listener transcriptions against target stimuli, for scoring the Speech Intelligibility Test (SIT), a widely used test for quantifying intelligibility in individuals with dysarthria.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Three main extensions to Autoscore were created including a compound rule, a contractions rule, and a numbers rule. We used two sets of previously collected listener SIT transcripts (<i>N</i> = 4,642) from databases of dysarthric speakers to evaluate the accuracy of the Autoscore SIT extensions. A human scorer and SIT-extended Autoscore were used to score sentence transcripts in both data sets. Scoring performance was determined by (a) comparing Autoscore and human scores using intraclass correlations (ICCs) at individual sentence and speaker levels and (b) comparing SIT-extended Autoscore performance to the original Autoscore with ICCs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>At both the individual sentence and speaker levels, Autoscore and the human scorer were nearly identical for both Data Set 1 (ICC = .9922 and ICC = .9767, respectively) and Data Set 2 (ICC = .9934 and ICC = .9946, respectively). Where disagreements between Autoscore and a human scorer occurred, the differences were often small (i.e., within 1 or 2 points). Across the two data sets (<i>N</i> = 4,642 sentences), SIT-extended Autoscore rendered 510 disagreements with the human scorer (vs. 571 disagreements for the original Autoscore).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Overall, SIT-extended Autoscore performed as well as human scorers and substantially improved scoring accuracy relative to the original version of Autoscore. Coupled with the substantial time and effort saving provided by Autoscore, its utility has been strengthened by the extensions developed and tested here.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Improved Language Production in Nonfluent Aphasia Through Automated Recursive Self-Feedback.","authors":"Gerald C Imaezue, Ofer Tchernichovski, Mira Goral","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00320","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Persons with nonfluent aphasia (PWNA) use feedback from external agents (e.g., speech-language pathologists) and self-feedback to improve their language production. The extent to which PWNA can improve their language production using their self-feedback alone is underexplored. In a proof-of-concept study, we developed an automated recursive self-feedback procedure to demonstrate the extent to which two PWNA who used self-feedback alone improved their production of sentences from trained and untrained scripts. In the current study, we use the Rehabilitation Response Specification System as a framework to replicate our initial findings.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We tested the effects of two treatments: script production with recursive self-feedback and script production with external feedback in four persons with chronic nonfluent aphasia. We compared the effects of treatment by measuring percent script produced, speaking rate, and speech initiation latency of trained and untrained scripts. The participants received the treatments remotely through mini tablets using two versions of a mobile app we developed. All the participants received each treatment intensively for 14 sessions across 2-3 weeks. We estimated clinical improvements of production of sentences from trained and untrained scripts through nonoverlap of all pairs analysis of performance pretreatment and posttreatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both treatments improved PWNA's language production. Recursive self-feedback improved speaking rate and speech initiation latency, which generalized to untrained scripts in all participants. External feedback treatment did not generalize to improvement in speaking rate in two participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings confirm our initial evidence that PWNA can self-improve their sentence production from scripts through recursive self-feedback. This novel procedure enables PWNA to autonomously enhance their language production over time. Given the evidence and the mechanics of the procedure, we propose that its utility is not constrained by linguistic idiosyncrasies across cultures. Consequently, it has the potential to bypass linguistic barriers to aphasia care.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27007060.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3343-3357"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142299458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring Real-World Talk Time and Locations of People With Aphasia Using Wearable Technology.","authors":"Laura E Kinsey, Leora R Cherney","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00373","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00373","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Measuring real-world communication participation of individuals with aphasia is complicated. Historically, this has been estimated through subjective participant or proxy self-report. To address potential inaccuracies, objective measures such as \"talk time\" have been proposed. Although promising, technological barriers to collecting and quantifying everyday conversations have been documented (e.g., background noise interference, differentiating recorded speakers, and operating Bluetooth applications). This study explored the use of a novel laryngeal sensor and a Global Positioning System (GPS) tracker with the objective of measuring mean talk time per hour and participant locations across three 8-hr days.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Sixteen participants utilized a wearable laryngeal sensor that captures physiological mechano-acoustic signals wirelessly, without recording speech content. The sensor differentiates speech from other laryngeal movements associated with swallowing and coughing. A GPS tracker was also issued to track daily locations. Semistructured interviews regarding feasibility and acceptability were conducted with participants at the end of the data collection period.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across all participants, laryngeal sensor data were collected for a total of 38 days and GPS data for a total of 43 days, with a mean collection period of 8.21 hr (<i>SD</i> = 1.38) per day. Mean talk time per hour was 56.46 s (<i>SD</i> = 35.27). Participants were tracked at a mean of 2.09 locations daily (range: 1-6). Participants reported the devices were relatively comfortable to wear and easy to use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Preliminary findings indicated that talk time of individuals with aphasia is limited, though variable. Higher fluency ratings were related to greater mean talk time per hour and locations tracked. Results suggest wearable technology is feasible to use and acceptable to people with aphasia. In the future, wearable devices may offer innovative ways to measure communication participation.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.26237531.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3247-3262"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141789617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to \"The Effect of Prosodic Timing Structure on Unison Production in People With Aphasia\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00329","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00329","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3468-3469"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11651646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Current State of the Literature on Dual-Task Performance Across Multiple Domains in Individuals With Chronic Poststroke Aphasia: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Nicole Dawson, Lauren Bislick, Lara Suarez","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00352","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00352","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding the impact that poststroke aphasia has on dual-task performance across multiple domains of function may inform the development of effective interventions. The purpose of this scoping review is to identify (a) the main theoretical frameworks used to explain dual-task performance deficits in individuals with poststroke aphasia; (b) the domains of function measured and the assessments used; (c) interventions aimed to improve dual-task performance; and, finally, (d) gaps that exist in the current body of literature regarding dual-task in persons with aphasia.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A search of Linguistics and Language Behavior Abstracts, PsycINFO, Communication & Mass Media Complete, PubMed, CINAHL Plus, ScienceDirect, and the Cochrane Library was undertaken to identify publications on the topic. Articles were included in the review if they (a) were written in English, (b) included individuals with chronic poststroke aphasia, (c) included measures of dual-task performance, and/or (d) consisted of a theoretical narrative with a focus on dual task in persons with aphasia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Following the full-text screening, a total of 17 studies were in included for synthesis. Fourteen articles focused on dual-task experimental studies; one study consisted of a dual-task intervention; and two papers proposed a theory, framework, or schema to explain dual-task performance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Gaps were identified in the literature, as well as differences in the methodology employed across studies, highlighting the need for consistency across experimental tasks and further examination across domains.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"3444-3467"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}