American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology最新文献

{"title":"Pilot Trial of a Speech-Language Pathology Telehealth Service to Enhance Postdischarge Dysphagia Care in Singapore.","authors":"Flora M M Poon, Elizabeth C Ward, Clare L Burns","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00203","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Patients and caregivers in Singapore experience issues managing dysphagia care at home following hospital discharge, and they prioritized improving access to postdischarge dysphagia care and support. Hence, a postdischarge dysphagia telehealth service was developed. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of this service by examining patient and service outcomes, preliminary costs, and consumer satisfaction.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Patients with dysphagia and their caregivers attended one or more telehealth sessions over the initial month post-hospital discharge. Reviews of dietary adherence and preparation, swallowing function, and therapy progress were conducted. If needed, clinical support and intervention were provided. Data related to patient and service outcomes, preliminary costs, and consumer satisfaction were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty patients attended 42 telehealth sessions. No support was provided during 10 sessions, minor support was provided during 13 sessions, and major support and intervention were provided to address patient and swallowing safety during 19 sessions. Out of 20 patients, 19 required support and intervention during the first week postdischarge, but they experienced fewer issues with each subsequent session. They were highly satisfied with the service. The average session duration was 29.6 min. No sessions were cancelled. This service can be delivered with minimal additional health service resources and at a low cost to consumers.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This service is feasible, cost-effective, and well accepted by consumers. It facilitates early identification and management of swallowing and patient safety during the initial month post-hospital discharge. Wider implementation of this service model should be considered.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27327345.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"231-245"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Clear and Loud Speech Cues on Acoustic and Perceptual Features of Speech Production in Adolescents With Down Syndrome.","authors":"Meghan Darling-White, Allison McHugh","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00248","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There are few evidence-based speech interventions designed to alter speech production in a way that ultimately results in increased speech intelligibility in adolescents with Down syndrome (DS). The primary purpose of this study was to examine the impact of clear and loud speech cues on acoustic and perceptual features of speech production in adolescents with DS.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Eight adolescents diagnosed with DS repeated sentences of varying lengths in three conditions: habitual, big mouth (i.e., clear speech), and strong voice (i.e., loud speech). Four hundred eighty adult listeners (20 listeners per adolescent per condition) provided orthographic transcriptions of adolescent's speech, which were used to calculate intelligibility scores. Acoustic measures of speech rate, articulation rate, proportion of time spent pausing, vocal intensity, and fundamental frequency were calculated for each sentence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The big mouth condition resulted in significantly increased intelligibility, slowed speech and articulation rates, increased pauses, increased vocal intensity, and increased fundamental frequency. The strong voice condition resulted in significantly increased vocal intensity and fundamental frequency, but no other changes. Speech rate was the only variable that explained any of the variance in intelligibility.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adolescents with DS respond differently to clear and loud speech cues. In particular, clear speech cues resulted in significant increases in intelligibility, but loud speech cues did not. Clear speech cues hold promise as an intervention strategy for adolescents with DS.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"201-217"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and Facilitators in Using Surface Electromyography in Swallowing Management: An Implementation Science Study.","authors":"Mariana M Bahia, Julia Carpenter, Leora R Cherney","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00215","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to identify clinician-perceived barriers and facilitators before the implementation of surface electromyography (sEMG) for swallowing management, implement sEMG biofeedback in swallowing rehabilitation sessions using implementation strategies, and investigate the perceived benefits and drawbacks after the implementation of the sEMG device from the perspectives of speech-language pathologists (SLPs).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>An initial pre-implementation survey characterized the SLPs' practices in swallowing management regarding the use of biofeedback modalities as well as facilitators and barriers to the implementation of sEMG. In the implementation phase, six SLPs attended educational and training meetings, tested, and used sEMG with patients during their swallowing sessions. Finally, a postimplementation survey and focus group assessed the six SLPs' perceptions and experiences using sEMG and identified areas for improvement in the implementation process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The majority of the 44 SLPs who answered the pre-implementation survey did not use sEMG in swallowing therapy. The most frequently reported barriers to implementation were reduced sEMG knowledge and lack of training (86.4%), lack of equipment access or availability (68.2%), and patient-related barriers (36.6%). The six SLPs who participated in the implementation phase used sEMG with 30 different patients, conducting a total of 105 sessions. They reported that it was easy to use sEMG during sessions and that sEMG helped them to teach swallowing maneuvers. Additionally, they stated that patients were motivated during sEMG sessions. Ongoing training and mentoring were some of the suggestions for implementation improvements.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study exemplifies the collaborative work between researchers and clinicians to facilitate the translation of technologies into clinical practice. Identifying determinants of sEMG implementation and strategies to address barriers was critical to its acceptability and adoption into clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"44-69"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palliative Care Training for Medical Speech-Language Pathologists: A Multiple-Baseline Design.","authors":"Brittany McKee Horvath, Amber Heape, Marissa James","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00003","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Current research supports favorable outcomes using online continuing education, and speech-language pathologists (SLPs) report a lack of training in palliative care. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of online palliative care training on the knowledge and comfort level of medical SLPs.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>In the multiple-baseline across participants method, 10 medical SLPs completed online training modules provided by the Center to Advance Palliative Care. An electronic visual analog scale was used to collect knowledge and comfort ratings. Seven intervention modules were completed asynchronously with self-perceived knowledge and comfort measured following each session. A follow-up phase was used to determine whether the gains were maintained for 3 weeks after the intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine of 10 participants experienced statistically significant improvements in knowledge, which were maintained through the follow-up phase. Eight of 10 participants demonstrated statistically significant improvements in comfort, which were maintained through the follow-up phase.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>To date, no other study has examined the effects of online palliative care training on medical SLPs. This investigation provides evidence that online, asynchronous continuing education for medical SLPs may improve their self-perceived knowledge and comfort in palliative care.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27964515.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"297-313"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Language, Social Communication, and Autism Characteristics of Young Toddlers at Elevated Likelihood for Autism Identified by the First Years Inventory-Lite.","authors":"Jonet Artis, Sallie W Nowell, Michaela Dubay, Rebecca Grzadzinski, Kelsey Thompson, Elizabeth Choi, Grace T Baranek, Linda R Watson","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00149","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purposes of this article were (a) to compare the developmental skills of toddlers whose scores on the First Years Inventory-Lite (FYI-Lite), an early screening tool, indicated an elevated likelihood of a later diagnosis of autism (ELA) to the developmental skills of toddlers at a lower likelihood of a later diagnosis of autism (LLA) and (b) to examine how autism characteristics are correlated with communication measures in toddlers at an ELA.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We assessed the language, social communication (SC) skills, and characteristics of autism demonstrated by 45 toddlers at an ELA and 37 toddlers at an LLA between the ages of 11 and 18 months and compared group scores on these measures. We also examined the correlations between the characteristics of autism and language measures within the ELA group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Toddlers at an ELA demonstrated lower scores on measures of global expressive and receptive language, receptive vocabulary, gestures, and response to joint attention bids as well as SC characteristics of autism when compared to those demonstrated by toddlers at an LLA. There were no significant differences between groups on expressive vocabulary, language profiles (i.e., the relationship between receptive and expressive scores), or restrictive and repetitive behaviors. Within the ELA group, the SC characteristics of autism were significantly associated with their global receptive and expressive language skills.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>On the basis of the FYI-Lite screening tool, toddlers at an ELA are demonstrating delays in language and SC skills when compared to toddlers identified with an LLA. For toddlers at an ELA, the SC characteristics of autism are significantly associated with early language skills.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27969444.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"347-363"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11745303/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Impacts of Anticipated Success on Employment Outcomes Among Adults Who Stutter.","authors":"Molly Jacobs, Hope Gerlach-Houck, Patrick Briley","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00202","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00202","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Stuttering is associated with disparities in labor market outcomes among young adults, but little is known about how labor market outcomes associated with stuttering change over time. Therefore, this study characterized longitudinal associations between stuttering and early life expectations, job satisfaction, receipt of employer-provided insurance benefits, and income.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>The analysis used data from three waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, which contained 16,653 individuals aged 18-43 years interviewed over 18 years. First, regression models evaluated the likelihood of employment between people who stutter (PWS) and people who do not stutter (PWNS). Second, conditional on employment, two-stage likelihood models quantified differences in their job satisfaction, receipt of employer-provided insurance benefits, and earned income, controlling for age, sex, race, and household characteristics. Finally, the relationship between their reported education and income expectations and these employment outcomes was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Although stuttering was not related to the likelihood of working or receiving employer-provided benefits, PWS were 20%-22% (<i>SE</i> = 0.06-0.07) less likely to be satisfied with their jobs than PWNS, and dissatisfaction increased with age. Additionally, the odds of earning a higher income were significantly lower for PWS than for PWNS. PWS who anticipated attending college and earning a middle-class income were more likely to be satisfied with their jobs and earn a higher income. However, PWS were less likely to expect that they would earn a middle-class income (PWNS: 46.4%, PWS: 36.3%) or graduate from college (PWNS: 70.9%, PWS: 58.4%) compared to PWNS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Labor market inequities associated with stuttering persist and increase with age. PWS have significantly lower expectations for their likelihood of future success, and these expectations predict their future occupational outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"246-260"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cultural Perceptions of Language Development in a Population Sample of 54-Month-Old Children From Aotearoa New Zealand.","authors":"Jayne Newbury, Bridget White, Kane Meissel, Noriko Panther, Helena Cook, Rahera Cowie, Elaine Reese","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00485","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-23-00485","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>There is a dearth of information on cultural perceptions of children's language development for ethnic minorities in New Zealand to guide service provision. The current study explored differences across ethnicities in mothers' report of language concern and child language scores within a complex cultural, social, educational, and political context.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Data from the antenatal and 54-month waves of Growing Up in New Zealand were utilized. At the 54-month wave interviews, 5,053 mothers were asked if language concerns had been raised and to rate their child's main language proficiency along with other measures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Logistic regression models (including influencing variables) indicated Chinese, Indian, and other Asian mothers were less likely to report language concern, whereas Māori, Pacific, other Asian, and Middle Eastern, Latin American, and African children were more likely to score low on the language measure. Higher maternal education was associated with higher child main language scores, but not with language concerns. Child multilingualism was not associated with low language scores, and these mothers were less likely to raise concern.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated differences by ethnicity in mothers' language concern and child main language scores, which are likely to affect access to speech-language pathology services, as these typically rely on parent concern being expressed. Cultural bias in the language measure may also be present. Further research is needed to ask ethnic communities their views on culturally appropriate ways to identify children with communication needs and to develop culturally safe services.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"118-138"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142548540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability in Stuttering Severity and Other Symptoms Across Three Fluency States.","authors":"Edward C Brown, Tricia Hedinger, Tim Saltuklaroglu","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00011","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To quantify variability in external stuttering and other stuttering symptoms and reactions within adults who stutter (AWS) across three fluency states.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A total of 130 AWS responded to an online survey that first asked them to rate their external stuttering severity when least fluent (LF), most naturally fluent (MNF), and when using fluency shaping (FS) techniques using a 9-point semantic differential scale. Fourteen subsequent questions probed a wide range of stuttering symptoms and listener reactions in reference to each of the three states.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High intra- and interindividual variability was observed across all items probed. Within AWS, for 13 of 14 symptoms and reactions, LF was associated with the most negative ratings and MNF with the most positive ratings. FS ratings consistently fell between LF and MNF. Importantly, many symptoms continued to be prominently displayed even in the MNF state.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings provide a unique view of intra-individual variability in stuttering symptoms in reference to external stuttering severity. In addition, these data highlight the costs and benefits associated with using FS. Other clinical implications are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"364-376"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142819995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Velopharyngeal Impairment in Adults With Dysarthria: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Kristie A Spencer, Brandon Eddy, Ilias Papathanasiou, Dale Summers, Deanna Britton","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00287","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Velopharyngeal impairment (VPI) is a common manifestation of dysarthria, yet there is uncertainty regarding the evidence for treatment options. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and evaluate published intervention studies of VPI and to update the original Practice Guidelines for VPI, as part of the Dysarthria Writing Group of the Evidence-Based Clinical Research Committee of the Academy of Neurologic Communication Disorders and Sciences.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Four electronic databases were searched for articles published through September 2022 in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses standards. Multiple indices of methodological quality and risk of bias were used to evaluate studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The search yielded 1,347 articles, of which 31 met inclusion criteria and were reviewed by two blinded co-investigators and a third consensus reviewer. Therapeutic approaches centered on prosthetic treatment (<i>n</i> = 13), prosthetic treatment combined with another form of therapy (<i>n</i> = 7), and behavioral exercise (<i>n</i> = 7), with four additional studies reporting unconventional approaches (e.g., use of medication). No single treatment approach garnered strong evidence. However, converging moderate evidence suggests positive treatment outcomes for prosthetic approaches for moderate-severe speakers with flaccid/spastic dysarthria and behavioral treatment approaches for speakers spanning a range of nonprogressive dysarthrias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a critical need for well-controlled treatment studies of VPI that incorporate comprehensive and systematic description of baseline speech function, treatment protocols, and operationally defined outcome measures, particularly related to social validity and participation goals. Suggestions for how clinicians can apply extant research findings to practice are provided.</p><p><strong>Supplemental material: </strong>https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.27655566.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"391-409"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing Motivation Increases Intelligibility Benefits of Perceptual Training in Dysarthria.","authors":"Stephanie A Borrie, Katerina A Tetzloff, Tyson S Barrett, Kaitlin L Lansford","doi":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00196","DOIUrl":"10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Perceptual training offers a promising, listener-targeted option for improving intelligibility of dysarthric speech. Cognitive resources are required for learning, and theoretical models of listening effort and engagement account for a role of listener motivation in allocation of such resources. Here, we manipulate training instructions to enhance motivation to test the hypothesis that increased motivation increases the intelligibility benefits of perceptual training.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Across two data collection sites, which differed with respect to many elements of study design including age of speaker with dysarthria, dysarthria type and severity, type of testing and training stimuli, and participant compensation, 84 neurotypical adults were randomly assigned to one of two training instruction conditions: enhanced instructions or standard instructions. Intelligibility, quantified as percent words correct, was measured before and after training.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Listeners who received the enhanced instructions achieved greater intelligibility improvements from training relative to listeners who received the standard instructions. This result was robust across data collection sites and the many differences in methodology.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study provides evidence for the role of motivation in improved understanding of dysarthric speech-increasing motivation increases allocation of cognitive resources to the learning process, resulting in improved mapping of the degraded speech signal. This provides empirical support for theoretical models of listening effort and engagement. Clinically, the results show that a simple addition to the training instructions can elevate learning outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49240,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology","volume":" ","pages":"85-96"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11745309/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142591960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}