Journal of Foot and Ankle Research最新文献

{"title":"Cushioned Insoles for First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Osteoarthritis: Protocol for the SOLE Randomised Controlled Trial.","authors":"Kade L Paterson, Kim L Bennell, Adam Bryant, Peixuan Li, Anurika P De Silva, Sam Shearer, Rana S Hinman","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70185","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>First metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint osteoarthritis (OA) is a common and disabling condition that causes substantial pain and impairs quality of life. Cushioned insoles have the potential to lower plantar pressures beneath the hallux and possibly reduce pain, but their clinical effectiveness has not been investigated. This study describes the protocol for a randomised controlled trial (RCT) assessing whether daily use of cushioned insoles produces greater reductions in first MTP joint walking pain, and other symptoms, over 12 weeks than sham insoles.</p><p><strong>Methods and analysis: </strong>This two-arm, parallel group, superiority RCT will recruit 108 community-dwelling adults aged 45 years and older with symptomatic radiographic first MTP joint OA. Participants will be randomised to receive three pairs of either cushioned insoles (6 mm low-density ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA)) or visually similar thin sham insoles (2 mm high-density EVA), to be worn for 12 weeks. The primary outcome is the 12-week change in first MTP joint pain during walking, assessed using an 11-point numerical rating scale (0-10, higher scores worse pain). Secondary outcomes include 12-week changes in physical function, other measures of first MTP joint pain, health-related quality of life, physical activity, and fear of movement. Global ratings of change in pain and function will also be assessed at 12 weeks. Other measures will also be collected. Analyses will include all participants as randomised using linear and log-binomial regression adjusted for baseline values. Prespecified sensitivity and moderator analyses will also be conducted.</p><p><strong>Ethics and dissemination: </strong>This study has been approved by the University of Melbourne Greater than Low Risk Human Research Ethics Committee. Findings will provide the first evidence regarding the efficacy of cushioned insoles for the management of first metatarsophalangeal joint OA. Results will be disseminated via peer-reviewed journals, scientific conferences, information on our website and lay summaries for participants.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>Prospectively registered on the 14 of December 2023 with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, reference ACTRN12623001304628.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70185"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13380315/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148498271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lateral Wedge Insoles With and Without Contoured Arch Support for People With Knee Osteoarthritis and Foot Pain: A Pilot, Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Michael A Hunt, Natasha M Krowchuk, Haocheng Zhang, Michael B Ryan, Trevor B Birmingham, Jesse M Charlton","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70171","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lateral wedge insoles (LWIs) are a non-surgical adjunct treatment for knee osteoarthritis (OA) that has been shown to reduce the knee adduction moment-a biomechanical risk factor for knee OA disease progression. Though worn in one's shoes, little is known of the effects of LWIs use on the foot or ankle. Importantly, it unknown whether their use enhances foot symptoms in people with knee OA and concomitant foot pain, thus questioning the general appropriateness of their use in this subgroup.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a pilot, feasibility randomized controlled trial to assess study approaches and general effects of LWIs use in people with knee OA and foot pain. 30 individuals with foot pain and radiographically-confirmed knee OA were randomized to a 12-week intervention using either standalone 6-degree LWIs or LWIs integrated with custom foot and arch support. Feasibility outcomes included: recruitment and retention outcomes; insoles usage, reporting, and comfort; and adverse events. We also examined foot (Foot Function Index pain and difficulty subscales) and knee symptoms (Knee Osteoarthritis Outcomes Severity Score pain and daily function subscales), and gait biomechanics (knee adduction and flexion moment peaks and impulses, ankle/subtalar eversion peaks) before and after the 12-week intervention.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All feasibility criteria were met, and no major adverse events were reported. Participants found the insoles moderately comfortable (7/10), and most weeks (278/336, 83%) met the acceptable 30 min per day wear time threshold. Though no statistical comparisons were made, changes in clinical and biomechanical outcomes were consistent with previous research; specifically, trends toward improvement in knee pain and function, as well as knee adduction moment magnitudes, in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lateral wedge insoles, with or without support, appear safe for people with knee OA and concomitant foot pain. Given positive feasibility and efficacy observations, future research in this area is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13365356/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148438612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of Venous Thromboembolism in People Affected by Charcot Foot Treated With Total Contact Cast.","authors":"Johan Schoug, Per Katzman, Erik Uddman, Magnus Löndahl","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70212","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70212","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Charcot Foot (CF) is a neuropathy-induced condition that can lead to fractures and dislocation, warranting long-time offloading in total contact cast (TCC). It is unknown whether CF or its treatment increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). This study aims to retrospectively investigate the risk of VTE in people with CF during and after treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Individuals with diabetes mellitus and active CF treated with TCC at Skåne University Hospital (Lund and Malmö, Sweden) were screened for inclusion in a retrospective cohort study. Baseline characteristics and occurrences of VTE were retrieved using medical records. Causes of death were retrieved from the National Cause of Death Register.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>209 individuals with 241 CF episodes were included and followed for 6.8 (3.8-11) years. No VTE was diagnosed during TCC treatment. Two individuals (0.96%) developed VTE after uncasting but before discharge (86-157 days after uncasting; while using boot and orthotic walker, respectively), whereas the other eight individuals (3.8%) had VTE diagnosed after end of CF treatment and follow-up. Hemodialysis was associated with increased VTE risk after CF diagnosis (HR 13 [3.25-50], p < 0.001, accounting for all observed VTE occurrences).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>No VTE occurred during TCC treatment, whereas the risk of VTE during the entire CF treatment period was 0.96%.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70212"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13562059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148931499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship Between First Tarsometatarsal Joint Displacement, Plantar Tarsometatarsal Ligament Morphology, and Hallux Valgus Angle.","authors":"Mutsuaki Edama, Hiroki Tagawa, Kaito Iwasaki, Kodai Sakamoto, Rinka Goto, Miyu Watanabe, Tomonobu Ishigaki, Makoto Komiya, Hirotake Yokota, Ryo Hirabayashi, Tomoya Takabayashi, Noboru Sato","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70220","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70220","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study aimed to examine whether the morphology of the articular surface of the first tarsometatarsal (TMT) joint, plantar tarsometatarsal ligament (PTML), and hallux valgus angle (HVA) were associated with plane-specific TMT joint displacement.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Nine Thiel-embalmed cadavers (18 feet) were included. HVA was measured using a goniometer. The capacity for TMT joint motion (mobility) was operationalized as displacement of the first metatarsal relative to the medial cuneiform under manual stress, measured ultrasonographically in the dorsal, plantar, and medial imaging planes. PTML morphology (length, width, and thickness) and TMT joint articular surface morphology (type classification) were assessed, and their associations with plane-specific TMT joint displacement were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant differences in dorsal, plantar, or medial displacement were observed between Type III and the other articular surface morphologies after adjustment for multiple comparisons. Similarly, PTML length, width, and thickness were not significantly associated with displacement in any direction. Although HVA was positively associated with plantar displacement before adjustment, this association did not remain significant after FDR correction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In this small exploratory cadaveric study, no statistically significant associations were identified between first TMT joint displacement and articular surface morphology, PTML morphology, or HVA after accounting for within-cadaver clustering and multiple comparisons. These findings should be interpreted cautiously because of the small sample size and limited range of HVA severity.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level IV, Descriptive laboratory study.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70220"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13614348/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149064547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Micronutrient Intake and Supplementation on Prevalent Diabetes-Related Foot Ulcer and Incident Hospitalisation for Diabetes-Related Foot Ulcer in Type 2 Diabetes: The Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase 2.","authors":"Emma J Hamilton, Wendy A Davis, Ranita Siru, Mendel Baba, Timothy M E Davis","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70181","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70181","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine whether micronutrient intake and/or supplementation is associated with prevalent diabetes-related foot ulcer (DFU) and/or incident hospitalisation for DFU in type 2 diabetes.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>Participants with type 2 diabetes from the community-based Fremantle Diabetes Study Phase II (FDS2; 1499 participants, mean age 65.4 years, 51.8% males, recruited 2008-2011) were followed from entry to first hospitalization for/with DFU, death or 31 December 2016 (whichever came first). Cox proportional hazards modelling identified independent associates of prevalent DFU or first DFU hospitalization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Self-reported food frequency, including dietary intake of vitamin C, zinc and iron, taking vitamin supplements and B12 and iron levels were not independent associates of either prevalent DFU or incident DFU hospitalisation. Independent associates of prevalent DFU included younger age at diabetes diagnosis, being unmarried, retinopathy, distal symmetrical polyneuropathy (DSPN), previous diabetes-related amputation, peripheral revascularisation or bypass. Incident DFU hospitalisation was independently associated with male sex, marital status, age at diagnosis of diabetes, HbA_1c, a history of DFU, a history of peripheral revascularisation/bypass, heart rate, and ln(NT-proBNP).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Associates of prevalent and incident DFU included traditional risk factors such as DSPN and peripheral arterial disease. There was no association between nutritional status or taking vitamin supplements and prevalent DFU or incident DFU hospitalisation in people with type 2 diabetes.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70181"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13345987/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148413184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are YouTube Videos on Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome Reliable? An In-Depth Assessment of Educational Content, Source, and Audience Engagement.","authors":"Ryan H Nishi, Jenna Tsuzaki, Shashi Sharma, Matthew Kao, Cameron Nishida, Kyle K Obana, Julian Rimm, Kyle Ishikawa, Kore Liow, Enrique Carrazana","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70180","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) is a relatively uncommon compressive neuropathy of the posterior tibial nerve that is often underdiagnosed due to variable presentation and overlap with other conditions. As patients increasingly turn to YouTube for health information, concerns have arisen about the reliability and comprehensibility of such content.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>On December 23, 2024, YouTube was queried using the terms \"tarsal tunnel syndrome,\" \"tarsal tunnel release,\" and \"tarsal tunnel injection.\" After excluding duplicates, unrelated, non-English, and short (< 30 seconds) videos, 88 were reviewed and the 50 most-viewed were analyzed. Each was evaluated using three tools: the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) benchmark criteria (0-4) for reliability, a 4-point Likert scale for comprehensibility, and a 19-point Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome-Specific Score (TTS-SS) for educational content. Video source, content type, and video power index (VPI) were also recorded. The Shapiro-Wilk test assessed normality, and Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon rank sum tests compared group with Holm adjustment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median TTS-SS educational content score was 5.2 (IQR 3.0-8.0). Mean JAMA and comprehensibility scores were 2.0 and 2.6, respectively. Only 10% of videos met all four JAMA criteria, and fewer than 20% were rated as highly comprehensible. Disease-specific videos had the highest TTS-SS (mean = 6.8), while non-surgical management scored lowest (mean = 2.8, p = 0.025). Videos by trainers and physical therapists had higher VPI (mean = 338.4) than those by physicians (mean = 0.26, p < 0.001), despite lower educational value. Surgical technique videos were least comprehensible (mean = 1.4) compared with other types (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among the most-viewed English-language YouTube videos sampled at a single time point, content related to TTS demonstrated generally low educational completeness, reliability, and comprehensibility. While healthcare professionals produce more accurate content, their videos attract less engagement than those by non-physicians. Improving visibility of evidence-based videos is necessary to ensure patients receive accurate information for this underrecognized condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13380318/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148498130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In Vivo Ultrasound Characterization of the Tibial Nerve at the Supramalleolar Region.","authors":"María Benimeli-Fenollar, Cecili Macián-Romero, Lucía Carbonell-José, María José Chiva-Miralles, Enrique Sanchis-Sales, Adrián Jordá-Vallés, Vicent Tomás-Martínez","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70178","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70178","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate knowledge of the supramalleolar anatomy of the tibial nerve is essential for safe ultrasound-guided procedures and proximal nerve interventions in the foot and ankle. However, quantitative in vivo ultrasound reference data describing its positional anatomy at this level remain scarce.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An in vivo ultrasound anatomical study was conducted in 100 healthy volunteers to evaluate the supramalleolar position of the tibial nerve. Measurements included the distance from the medial border of the tibial cortex to the center of the nerve, nerve depth from the skin surface, nerve perimeter, and the anatomical relationship between the tibial nerve and the posterior tibial artery. Associations with sex and anthropometric variables were analyzed using appropriate inferential statistical tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ultrasound imaging demonstrated a stable and predictable anatomical configuration of the tibial nerve at the supramalleolar level, with bifurcation observed in only 1% of cases. Men showed a greater distance between the tibial nerve and the medial tibial cortex compared with women (p = 0.009), whereas women exhibited greater nerve depth (p = 0.003). The tibial nerve-tibial cortex distance was positively correlated with body weight (p < 0.001), body mass index (p = 0.001), and malleolar circumference (p = 0.004). No significant associations were observed between anthropometric variables and the anatomical relationship between the tibial nerve and the posterior tibial artery (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The tibial nerve at the supramalleolar level exhibits a stable in vivo anatomical arrangement with minimal branching variability. These ultrasound-based reference values provide clinically relevant information that may enhance diagnostic assessment and support ultrasound-guided procedural planning in the foot and ankle.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70178"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13373442/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Balance Training Combined With Either Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation or Stroboscopic Vision Training on Balance Performance in Individuals With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Ali Shamsi Majelan, Omid Shahani, Atekeh Keivani, Mahla Armanfar, Brice Picot","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70210","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70210","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite the benefits of balance training, persistent postural deficits remain common in individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI). The aim of this study investigates the efficacy of Stroboscopic Vision Training (SVT) and transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) as adjunct modalities to improve balance in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This review was developed in accordance with the PRISMA checklist. Five electronic databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, EBSCO, and Embase) along with three supporting search platforms and libraries (ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar) were searched from inception to June 20, 2026. Study quality was assessed using the PEDro scale, risk of bias with the RoB 2 tool, and the overall quality of evidence with GRADE. A meta-analysis of the review was conducted using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis v.3.0 software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten studies including 353 participants were included in this review. The meta-analytic results indicated that the effect sizes were 0.326 for static balance (tDCS = 0.303, SVT = 2.131) and 0.364 for dynamic balance (tDCS = 0.252, SVT = 1.086). The quality of the studies was high in the tDCS group and moderate in the SVT group. The risk of bias was higher in the SVT studies. The overall quality of the evidence was moderate in static balance and low in dynamic balance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although both interventions show promise, the higher risk of bias in SVT studies suggests that tDCS is the preferred approach for rehabilitation when conditions are comparable. Nonetheless, clinical decisions should remain personalized.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>PROSPERO with the number CRD420251260339.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70210"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589631/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149009366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Novel Modular Footwear Setup for Testing the Isolated Biomechanical Effects of Footwear Features.","authors":"Hadi Sarlak, Kamran Shakir, Giulia Rogati, Giorgia Sartorato, Alberto Leardini, Lisa Berti, Paolo Caravaggi","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70203","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In footwear science, the effect of specific design features on biomechanical parameters during common motor tasks is often confounded by simultaneous changes in other shoe conditions. This study proposes and assesses the repeatability of a new tool, namely the Modular Footwear Setup (MFS), to assess the effects of midsole modifications on lower-limb joint kinematics and in-shoe pressure measurements.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The MFS uses a micro-hook-and-loop fastening system and a custom alignment device to enable fast and reliable midsole attachment/detachment to/from the upper. Repeatability of joint kinematics and in-shoe pressure parameters was tested in 10 healthy participants (5M, 5F; age = 33.2 ± 9.2 yrs; BMI = 21.5 ± 2.8 kg*m^-2) across three walking sessions. The effect of the MFS fixation method was assessed by comparing relevant biomechanical outcomes to those of a control shoe featuring the same upper and midsole. Comfort-related outcomes were reported using a visual analog scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Statistical Parametric Mapping analysis did not identify significant differences in joint kinematics between conditions. No significant differences were observed in pressure parameters at any foot region between MFS and control, except for the peak pressure at the rearfoot. The MFS demonstrated good-to-excellent inter-session repeatability (ICC 0.84-0.97) for mean and peak pressure. Participants reported similar levels of comfort and stability in both shoes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The findings of this study suggest that the MFS has the potential to be a reliable tool for evaluating the effects of midsole features on relevant biomechanical parameters. This modular approach may improve data-driven footwear design by improving the consistency of biomechanical measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13496383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148800342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Chronic Lateral Ankle Instability With an Ankle Sprain Simulator: A Controlled Study in Physically Active Subjects.","authors":"Matthieu Lalevée, Marie-Anne Melone, Maxime l'Hermette, Julien Beldame, Cesar de Cesar Netto, Eli Schmidt, Jason Wilken","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70182","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Chronic lateral ankle instability (CLAI), categorized by repetitive ankle sprains, has previously been studied utilizing either questionnaires or ankle sprain simulators. However, a quantitative tool that safely creates an unexpected ankle sprain during gait has not been proposed. This study aimed to determine if a novel ankle sprain simulator differentiates between CLAI and healthy controls and compare findings to known measures of impaired function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two feet were assigned to the CLAI group or the control group. Participants walked on a treadmill wearing boots designed to induce unexpected ankle inversion. To do so, the device was triggered randomly during swing to induce instability during loading response. Maximal inversion velocities (MIV) were measured immediately after initial contact. A Ratio MIV was determined by dividing the MIV of the simulated sprain by the average MIV of the 5 steps preceding the simulated sprain. Also, Identification of Functional Ankle Instability (IdFAI) and the Foot Ankle Ability Measurement (FAAM) questionnaires were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean MIV in the CLAI and Control groups were 213.5 ± 54.7°/s and 177.0 ± 64.2°/s (p = 0.02), while mean Ratio MIV were 1.22 ± 0.13 and 1.08 ± 0.08 (p < 0.001), respectively. The area under the curve to predict CLAI was 0.83 (95% CI; [0.73; 0.93]) for Ratio MIV with a value greater than 1.15 showing 68% sensitivity and 93.8% specificity. Ratio MIV was moderately correlated with IdFAI (ρ = 0.50; p < 0.0001) and weakly correlated with impairments in activities of daily living (ρ = -0.45; p < 0.001) and sports (ρ = -0.43; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Inversion velocities caused by the ankle sprain simulator differentiated CLAI from healthy controls. Ratio MIV was associated with measurements of functional CLAI, impairments in ADLs and sports.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"19 3","pages":"e70182"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13373532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148457454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}