Journal of Foot and Ankle Research最新文献

{"title":"Comparing perioperative outcomes after transmetatarsal amputation in patients with or without peripheral vascular disease.","authors":"Mark A Plantz, Rachel Bergman, Erik Gerlach, Muhammad Mutawakkil, Milap Patel, Anish R Kadakia","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70026","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transmetatarsal amputation (TMA) is a commonly performed procedure for gangrene in the setting of diabetes or peripheral vascular disease. The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence of and risk factors for reoperation and perioperative complications after TMA in patients undergoing surgery for primarily infectious/diabetic wounds versus peripheral vascular disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients undergoing TMA between January 1, 2015 and December 31, 2020 were identified using the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database. The indication for surgery was reported using the International Classification of Disease 9/10 codes. Patients were categorized into two groups: patients undergoing surgery for primarily infectious/diabetic wounds versus peripheral vascular disease. The incidence of 30-day mortality, readmission, reoperation, nonhome discharge, and various medical and surgical complications was reported. Outcome measures were compared between the diabetic and peripheral vascular disease groups. Logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for each outcome measure of interest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>3392 patients were included in the final cohort. There was a 30-day mortality rate of 2.9%, reoperation rate of 13.8%, readmission rate of 16.8%, surgical complication rate of 22.2%, and medical complication rate of 15.8%. Patients undergoing surgery for a vascular indication had a higher rate of mortality, reoperation, hospital readmission, nonhome discharge, and various medical complications (p < 0.05). Patients undergoing surgery for infectious/diabetic wounds had a higher rate of deep surgical site infection and systemic sepsis (p < 0.05). A vascular surgical indication was independently associated with reoperation and overall medical complications (p < 0.05). Various factors, including age, body mass index, medical comorbidities, and the presence of preoperative sepsis were associated with poor outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Significant rates of mortality, reoperation, and hospital readmission were reported after TMA. The presence of peripheral vascular disease was independently associated with reoperation and medical complications. Patients undergoing TMA, particularly for peripheral vascular disease, should be counseled about perioperative risks and indicated for surgery carefully.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"e70026"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11807761/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Key capabilities required for podiatry graduates: A Delphi consensus study.","authors":"Shannon E Munteanu, Matthew Cotchett, Matthew J Oates, Nicoletta Frescos, Vivienne Chuter, Mike Frecklington, Marie T Butler, Nick W Haley, Hylton B Menz","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70036","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Work-readiness is linked to health professional graduates' job performance, satisfaction, engagement and retention. However, there is currently no podiatry-specific graduate employer work-readiness survey tool that has been developed with employers of graduate podiatrists. The aim of this study was to conduct a modified Delphi survey to achieve consensus among employers of podiatry graduates on the key capabilities required for podiatry graduates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A Delphi method of consensus development was used, comprising three online survey rounds. Purposive sampling was used to recruit individuals with extensive experience and knowledge in mentoring and managing graduate podiatrists in Australia or New Zealand. In Round 1, participants were asked to rate agreement/disagreement with 71 items across seven domains relating to capabilities required of podiatry graduates that were extracted from a literature search and steering committee input. Participants were also asked to contribute further ideas in relation to these items, which were incorporated as new items (n = 7) in Round 2. In Rounds 2 and 3, participants re-appraised their ratings in view of the group consensus. Consensus was defined as ≥75% agreement. In Round 3, participants were also asked to rate the importance of each item as either 'essential' or 'optional'.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five participants (mean [SD] of 14.9 [5.7] years of experience in managing podiatry graduates in clinical practice in Australia or New Zealand) completed Round 1, 24 in Round 2, and 23 in Round 3. Of the 78 items presented to our expert panel, 61 (78.2%) achieved consensus and were accepted, and 17 (21.8%) were excluded. Of the 61 items that achieved consensus, thirty-nine (63.9%) were rated as 'essential' by 75% of more respondents.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Consensus among employers of podiatry graduates was established on the key capabilities required for podiatry graduates. Sixty-one items were identified across seven domains, and of these, 39 items were rated as 'essential'. The findings of this study have the potential to inform the creation of a podiatry-specific graduate employer work-readiness tool to provide feedback to podiatry education program providers and new graduates in the workplace.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"e70036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11842219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143469781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating diagnostic uncertainty in children's chronic lower limb pain: A qualitative study of management strategies using vignette-based focus groups.","authors":"Jessica Coventry, James J Welch, Verity Pacey, Binh Ta, Elizabeth Sturgiss, Mitchell Smith, Cylie M Williams","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70032","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic lower limb pain is common in children and adolescents and is frequently managed by podiatrists. Due to the complexities of understanding the cause of chronic pain, clinicians may experience uncertainty around the diagnosis, which in turn may impact their communication and management approaches. Limited research explores how podiatrists manage chronic lower limb pain in children, especially in the presence of diagnostic uncertainty. This study aimed to explore the management strategies including language that podiatrists report using to address the pain experience of children with chronic lower limb pain and to investigate if and how the reported management strategies used by podiatrists to address the pain experience of children with chronic lower limb pain vary based upon the level of diagnostic uncertainty.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight focus groups were conducted with a total of 48 podiatrists. Participants were presented with three vignettes, each describing a child with chronic lower limb pain. They were then asked to discuss their certainty in the child's diagnosis presented and their approaches to explain and manage the child's pain. Audio data were recorded, transcribed and analysed using thematic analysis. Three key themes were generated: Language strategies, non-verbal communication strategies and treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Podiatrists were overall certain in the diagnosis presented in vignettes 1 (calcaneal apophysitis) and 2 (juvenile idiopathic arthritis); however, they expressed significant uncertainty in vignette 3, which was written to elicit uncertainty presenting a case with generalised lower limb pain. Many groups fixated on the Beighton score of 5/9 and interpreted this to mean hypermobility, which is inconsistent with the current clinical guidance. Podiatrists used similar language strategies across all 3 vignettes and supported their language strategies with non-verbal communication strategies. Podiatrists also discussed activity modification, passive and self-care strategies and building a team as the treatment strategies they would use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the variety of clinical management strategies used by approaches and highlights how their approach may change depending on their certainty in the diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"e70032"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11881608/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Lateral Longitudinal Arch Evaluation Method for the Foot Using Ultrasonography: Validation With Radiography and Verification of Intrarater and Interrater Reliability.","authors":"Daichi Kawamura, Takashi Komatsu, Masanobu Suto, Hikaru Narita, Yasuyuki Umezaki, Saki Takahashi, Hiroshi Shinohara","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70039","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The lateral longitudinal arch (LLA) is an essential structure of the foot. However, LLA evaluation methods remain underexplored compared to those of the medial longitudinal arch (MLA). This study sought to develop a method for measuring the cuboid height, the keystone of the LLA, using ultrasonography and to verify its correlation with radiography, as well as intrarater and interrater reliability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 21 university students (14 males and seven females). The cuboid height was measured using radiography and ultrasonography. The validity of ultrasonographic measurements was assessed through correlation with radiographic measurements and Bland-Altman analysis. Intrarater and interrater reliabilities were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A strong correlation was observed between cuboid heights measured using radiography and ultrasonography (r = 0.98, p < 0.01). The Bland-Altman analysis revealed a fixed bias of -0.71 mm (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: -0.96 to -0.46 mm). Intrarater and interrater reliability for ultrasonographic measurements were almost perfect, with ICCs of 0.98 and 0.99, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cuboid height measurements using ultrasonography demonstrated high validity and reliability. This method offers a noninvasive and cost-effective alternative to radiography, with potential clinical applications in the evaluation of LLA and related conditions such as cuboid syndrome and lateral foot injuries.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"e70039"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11856052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143505478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of computer-aided design and manufacture for foot orthoses: A cross-sectional study of orthotic services in the UK.","authors":"Laura Barr, Jim Richards, Graham J Chapman","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70031","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to identify how computer aided design and manufacture (CAD/CAM) technologies are currently being used for insole production by UK orthotic services in the National Health Service (NHS), including any variation in the specific processes and identify barriers to implementation.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>A cross-sectional study was undertaken using freedom of information requests sent to all 214 NHS Trusts and Health Boards (HBs) across the UK. The request comprised 22 questions relating to CAD/CAM for insole production by UK NHS orthotic services during the 2021/22 financial year.</p><p><strong>Outcome measures: </strong>Analysis was undertaken and presented in terms of response rate to individual questions. Where free text responses were provided, thematic analysis was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Responses were received from 186 (86.9%) Trusts/HBs, those who did not have an orthotic service were excluded, and 131 responses were included in the final analysis. 70.5% (91/129) of Trusts/HBs used CAD/CAM to manufacture bespoke insoles. The most common workflow associated with CAD/CAM insole production was foot-shape capture with a foam box impression cast (86.8% (79/91)); casts transported to another site (90.8% (79/87)); foam boxes scanned into a CAD/CAM system (81.6% (71/87)); insoles designed by a technician (73.6% (67/91)) and insole produced with reduction milling (59.1% (SD 37.92)). The greatest barriers to the use of CAD/CAM were those of equipment costs and staff experience and training.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>UK orthotic services have widely adopted CAD/CAM insole production, but fully-digital workflow is uncommon. Hybrid-digital workflow involves physical casts and their transportation, generating waste and impacting sustainability. Further research is required to understand how hybrid-digital and fully-digital workflow affect patient treatment outcomes, costs and sustainability. Barriers to CAD/CAM including costs and staff training which should be considered alongside the growing body of research around CAD/CAM technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"e70031"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11798744/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143257080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association of sarcopenia and frailty in diabetes-related foot disease: A 3-year prospective evaluation.","authors":"Kay Yee Hon, Madeleine Bain, Suzanne Edwards, Guilherme Pena, Neil McMillan, Robert Fitridge","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70038","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To prospectively evaluate the association of various markers of sarcopenia and frailty with clinical outcomes in diabetes-related foot disease (DRFD), namely wound healing, amputation-free survival, and death over 3 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an observational study of patients with DRFD at a quaternary multidisciplinary diabetic foot service. Initial assessment includes classification of DRFDs using WIfI classification, assessment of frailty using the FRAIL scale, and measurement of handgrip strength (HGS) using a dynamometer. Muscle mass was ascertained by measuring the psoas muscle area at the level of L3 vertebrae on computed tomography. Patients were followed up for 3 years and primary outcomes were wound healing, amputation-free survival, and death.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred patients with a median age of 71 were included in the analysis. The majority of the patients were male (75%). Forty-seven percent of patients were considered as frail, with 37 patients recorded to have low HGS. Patients with high HGS had significantly higher odds of wound healing by 3.83 times when compared to those with low HGS (odds ratio = 3.83. 95% CI 1.35-10.92). Patients with low psoas muscle index (PMI) and low HGS were observed to have a higher risk of death based on the following hazard ratios: HGS (high vs. low), HR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.22-0.997; PMI (low vs. high), HR = 2.15, 95% CI: 1.17-3.96.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a significant prevalence of frailty and reduced HGS among our patients with DRFD. Low HGS was associated with poor wound healing and increased mortality in patients with DRFD. Additionally, low muscle mass was associated with increased mortality in this population. This research highlights the need for more precise tests and future studies of the links between sarcopenia, frailty, and outcomes in DRFD.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"e70038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11929139/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143677397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of a clinical pathway for diabetes-related foot ulcers reduced the number of amputations and shortened hospital stay.","authors":"Monica Sailer, Hilde Wergeland, Per-Henrik Randsborg","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70024","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Diabetes-related foot ulcer (DFU) is the leading cause for lower extremity amputations (LEAs) in western countries, and may cause social isolation, depression, and death. However, people with DFU are not offered the same prioritized care as cancer patients, despite comparable mortality rates. We therefore decided to create a clinical pathway for patients with DFU. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of implementing a new clinical pathway on rates of LEA, length of hospital stays, and cost reduction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>On January 1, 2019, a new clinical pathway ensured that all patients with a DFU were evaluated in a designated clinic run by a foot and ankle orthopedic surgeon in collaboration with the vascular surgeons, supported by a specialized wound nurse and a certified prosthetist/orthotist (CPO). We designed an algorithm for the first consultation to identify patients in need for further investigation by other specialties such as endocrinology, infectious diseases, cardiology, or vascular surgery. All patients underwent a surgical wound debridement of DFU. Negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) was not applied. After surgery, the dressings were changed daily on the ward, until the wound was deemed viable and clean. The patients were followed for two years and compared to a historic cohort of patients with DFU admitted to the institution in 2017.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The number of major amputations was reduced from 65% (13/20) to 7.4% (2/27) (p < 0.001) after the introduction of the clinical pathway. Both the mean number of surgical revisions (5.5 vs. 1.2) and the median length of stay (46 vs. 9 days) were statistically significantly reduced. The median cost per patient was reduced by 76% (from €538 000 to €129 000, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The clinical pathway for managing DFUs resulted in a reduction in major amputations and shorter hospital stays. Discontinuing NPWT after surgical debridement did not adversely affect clinical outcomes. The new pathway also contributed to lower healthcare costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"e70024"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11774619/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143061273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological factors associated with pain and function in adults with hallux valgus.","authors":"Abdel Kak, Mehak Batra, Bircan Erbas, Sean Sadler, Vivienne Chuter, Jeffery Jenkins, Haydar Ozcan, Damien Lafferty, Ozan Amir, Matthew Cotchett","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70030","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Psychological factors are linked to pain and function in various musculoskeletal conditions, but their impact on hallux valgus is unclear. Health-related quality of life declines with increasing severity of hallux valgus, affecting not only foot pain and physical function, but also general health, vitality and mental health. Previous studies have reported inconsistent associations between psychological factors, such as anxiety and depression, and surgical outcomes, which might relate to variability in measurement approaches. Understanding the associations between psychological factors, including anxiety, depression, pain catastrophizing and kinesiophobia, and hallux valgus-related pain and function may inform more holistic pre-operative care. Therefore, we aimed to assess these associations in adults with hallux valgus pre-surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A pre-operative cross-sectional study was conducted with 41 adults scheduled for hallux valgus surgery. Participants completed questionnaires measuring continuous psychological variables: depression, anxiety and stress (Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21, a tool for general psychological distress), kinesiophobia (Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia, which assesses fear of movement associated with pain) and pain catastrophizing (Pain Catastrophizing Scale, a tool used to evaluate maladaptive pain-coping strategies). Continuous outcomes were evaluated using the Manchester-Oxford Foot Questionnaire for foot function, pain and social interaction. Multiple linear regressions explored the associations between these psychological factors and the outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>When all exposure variables were considered simultaneously, pain catastrophizing emerged as a significant predictor of foot pain and foot function. A one-unit increase in the pain catastrophizing score was associated with a 1.41-point increase in foot pain (β = 1.41, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) 0.73-2.09 and p < 0.001) and a 1.83-point increase in worse foot function (β = 1.83, 95% CI 1.12-2.54 and p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Assessing pain catastrophising pre-operatively is recommended for individuals with hallux valgus, although more structured education may be needed to support health professionals in assessing psychological factors. Future research should evaluate the longitudinal impact of pain catastrophizing on post-operative outcomes and explore other contributing factors, such as comorbidities, lifestyle variables and sex differences, to refine screening and treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"e70030"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11872594/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143538007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three-dimensional differences in plantar surface shape captured by methods used for custom accommodative insole design.","authors":"Kimberly A Nickerson, Christina Carranza, Scott Telfer, William R Ledoux, Brittney C Muir","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70034","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The patient-specific shape of custom accommodative insoles for individuals with diabetes provides full foot-to-insole contact, offloading areas with high plantar pressures and reducing ulceration risk. To design the insole surface, plantar surface shape is captured, traditionally with a foam crush box impression or more recently with 3D scans of the foot. Beyond discrete measurements of the foot, the overall plantar surface shapes obtained from these different methods have yet to be compared, however, differences in the shapes captured by these methods may affect the insole's surface geometry design and subsequent performance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Plantar surface shapes of 12 individuals with diabetes were captured using a foam crush box, flatbed 3D foot scanner, and handheld 3D scanner. Foot length, width, arch height, and arch volume were measured from each shape-capture method and compared. Mesh-to-mesh distances between the foam crush box mesh and the direct scanning method meshes for each subject were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Foot length and width measured from the foam crush box scan were greater than the foot length measured from the flatbed scan and handheld scan. The flatbed scan also measured a length and width greater than the handheld scan. Arch heights and volumes from the flatbed scan were less than the heights calculated from the foam crush box and handheld scan. Mesh-to-mesh distances for the flatbed scan and areas of the foot not in contact with the scanner were inferior to the corresponding areas in the foam crush box impression. For the handheld scan, the lateral hindfoot and midfoot were superior, and the medial forefoot was inferior to the foam crush box impression.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Different clinical methods used to capture foot shapes for the design of accommodative insoles may result in different plantar surface shape outputs and therefore impact custom accommodative insole design.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"e70034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11781946/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143069132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidence of Adult Acquired Flatfoot Deformity Referred to Specialist Care in Sweden.","authors":"Ida Osbeck, Maria Cöster, Isam Atroshi","doi":"10.1002/jfa2.70042","DOIUrl":"10.1002/jfa2.70042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Adult acquired flatfoot deformity (AAFD) is a disabling condition that may require complex surgical treatment. Little is known about the incidence of AAFD in the general population and specifically of AAFD requiring specialist care. We aimed to describe the incidence of AAFD referred to specialist care in the Swedish general population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a nation-wide epidemiological register study to estimate the incidence of referred AAFD in the general population. We retrieved data from the Swedish National Patient Register. All individuals aged 16 years or older, with a first-time diagnosis of AAFD (ICD-10 code M214) between 2007 and 2018 were identified. Total incidences, change over time, and gender-specific and age-specific incidences per 100,000 person-years were calculated using population size data from Statistics Sweden. Incidences were compared using the Poisson test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The incidence rate of referred AAFD in the general population was 23.0 (95% CI 22.7-23.3) per 100,000 person-years. The incidence rate in women was 30.4 (95% CI 29.9-30.8) and in men was 15.4 (95% CI 15.1-15.8). The highest incidence rates were found in the age Group 61-75 years. The incidence rates varied significantly across the 21 regions in Sweden. The age-standardized and sex-standardized incidence rates ranged from 8.3 (95% CI 7.2-9.4) to 69.1 (95% CI 62.4-75.8).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AAFD requiring referral to specialist care is common in the general population. Women had nearly twice the incidence of AAFD compared to men. Large unexplained regional variations in the incidence rates exist.</p>","PeriodicalId":49164,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Foot and Ankle Research","volume":"18 1","pages":"e70042"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}